Is Bank Capital Procyclical? A Cross-country Analysis

Author(s):  
Jacob Antoon Bikker ◽  
Paul Metzemaker
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Marinc ◽  
Mojmir Mrak ◽  
Vasja Rant

This paper identifies the main dimensions of capital regulation. We use survey data from 142 countries from the World Bank?s (2013) database covering various aspects of bank regulation. Using multiple explorative factor analysis, we identify two main dimensions of capital regulation: complexity of capital regulation and stringency of capital regulation. We show that even countries with a common legal and regulatory framework differ substantially in terms of capital regulation. For example, the level of stringency of capital regulation varies substantially across the EU countries, potentially distorting the level playing field.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1297-1316
Author(s):  
O.N. Terent'eva

Subject. The stable supply of food to people is a cornerstone for the national economic security, while a lack of food or its expensiveness may undermine the economy, principles of power, and cause panics and wars. Malnutrition and hunger are critical indicators of the insufficient foods supply. Objectives. The article indicates which countries have high risk of hunger, and predicts its further movement. I also evaluate factual trends in the availability of food across countries. Methods. The study refers to statistical data in public domain, including the FAOSTAT. I apply methods of ranking, abstraction, prediction. Results. I performed the cross-country analysis and discovered that 117 countries demonstrated signs of malnutrition. The article sets forth a technique for splitting countries into five groups by level of hunger risk. The article compares data on hunger in the countries and consequences of mortality and morbidity. I ranked countries by key types of agricultural products and explained their production growth rates for a span of 18 years. I predicted how countries would be ranked in terms of hunger from 2030 to 2050, and found the extent to which the hunger risk will escalate in more flourishing countries. Conclusions and Relevance. Hunger and shortage of food seem invincible in the countries where people are hungry or very hungry. Sometimes it appears almost impossible for respective governments to solve the issue. Triggering the systemic hunger, such factors and premises are beyond control of starving countries. Hence, the international community should provide their support and aid to them.


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