scholarly journals The Ethics of Constrained Choice: How the Industrialization of Agriculture Impacts Farming and Farmer Behavior

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Hendrickson ◽  
Harvey S. James
Keyword(s):  
Constrained Choice ◽  
Farmer Behavior

scholarly journals Territories of state-led aquaculture risk management: Thailand’s Plang Yai program

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442096524
Author(s):  
Mariska JM Bottema ◽  
Simon R Bush ◽  
Peter Oosterveer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Farmer Behavior ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

The Thai aquaculture sector faces a range of production, market and financial risks that extend beyond the private space of farms to include public spaces and shared resources. The Thai state has attempted to manage these shared risks through its Plang Yai (or ‘Big Area’) agricultural extension program. Using the lens of territorialization, this paper investigates how, through the Plang Yai program, risk management is institutionalized through spatially explicit forms of collaboration amongst farmers and between farmers and (non-)state actors. We focus on how four key policy instruments brought together under Plang Yai delimited multiple territories of risk management over shrimp and tilapia production in Chantaburi and Chonburi provinces. Our findings demonstrate how these policy instruments address risks through dissimilar but overlapping territories that are selectively biased toward facilitating the individual management of production risks, whilst enabling both the individual and collective management of market and financial risks. This raises questions about the suitability of addressing aquaculture risks by controlling farmer behavior through state-led designation of singular, spatially explicit areas. The findings also indicate the multiple roles of the state in territorializing risk management, providing a high degree of flexibility, which is especially valuable in landscapes shared by many users, connected to (global) value chains and facing diverse risks. In doing so we demonstrate that understanding the territorialization of production landscapes in a globalizing world requires a dynamic approach recognizing the multiplicity of territories that emerge in risk management processes.

scholarly journals Preferences, personality, aspirations, and farmer behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladina Knapp ◽  
David Wuepper ◽  
Robert Finger
Keyword(s):  
Farmer Behavior

Fertility and Occupation: Mining Districts in Prewar Japan

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-315
Author(s):  
Carl Mosk
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Family Limitation ◽  
Fertility Differentials ◽  
Constrained Choice ◽  
Mining Districts

Many theories of demographic transition stem from attempts to explain fertility differentials across economic and social groups. These differentials typically emerge once a decline in natality commences. Thus it is commonly observed that the fertility of urban populations falls short of that recorded for agricultural districts, that the upper classes tend to precede the working classes in the adaptation of family limitation, and the like. These observations are, in turn, used to justify economic and sociological theories which, by associating both social status and economic costs and benefits with occupation and residence, account for the fertility decline in terms of status and constrained choice.

scholarly journals Nutrient Management Programs, Nitrogen Fertilizer Practices, and Groundwater Quality in Nebraska’s Central Platte Valley (U.S.), 1989–1998

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 750-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Daberkow ◽  
Harold Taylor ◽  
Noel Gollehon ◽  
Milt Moravek
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Management Program ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
Total N ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Farmer Behavior

Given the societal concern about groundwater pollution from agricultural sources, public programs have been proposed or implemented to change farmer behavior with respect to nutrient use and management. However, few of these programs designed to change farmer behavior have been evaluated due to the lack of detailed data over an appropriate time frame. The Central Platte Natural Resources District (CPNRD) in Nebraska has identified an intensively cultivated, irrigated area with average groundwater nitrate-nitrogen (N) levels about double the EPA’s safe drinking water standard. The CPNRD implemented a joint education and regulatory N management program in the mid-1980s to reduce groundwater N. This analysis reports N use and management, yield, and groundwater nitrate trends in the CPNRD for nearly 3000 continuous-corn fields from 1989 to 1998, where producers faced limits on the timing of N fertilizer application but no limits on amounts. Groundwater nitrate levels showed modest improvement over the 10 years of this analysis, falling from the 1989–1993 average of 18.9 to 18.1 mg/l during 1994–1998. The availability of N in excess of crop needs was clearly documented by the CPNRD data and was related to optimistic yield goals, irrigation water use above expected levels, and lack of adherence to commercial fertilizer application guidelines. Over the 10-year period of this analysis, producers reported harvesting an annual average of 9729 kg/ha, 1569 kg/ha (14%) below the average yield goal. During 1989�1998, producers reported annually applying an average of 162.5 kg/ha of commercial N fertilizer, 15.7 kg/ha (10%) above the guideline level. Including the N contribution from irrigation water, the potential N contribution to the environment (total N available less estimated crop use) was estimated at 71.7 kg/ha. This is an estimate of the nitrates available for denitrification, volatilization, runoff, future soil N, and leaching to groundwater. On average, between 1989–1993 and 1994–1998, producers more closely followed CPNRD N fertilizer recommendations and increased their use of postemerge N applications � an indication of improved synchrony between N availability and crop uptake.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL ECONOMIC FACTORS ON FARMER BEHAVIOR IN RICE FARMING IN SUMBER KULON VILLAGE, JATITUJUH DISTRICT, MAJALENGKA REGENCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-320
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasirudin ◽  
Wulan Sumekar ◽  
Tutik Dalmiyatun
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Farmer Behavior ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Farmers' behavior indicates someone already knows good knowledge, attitude and skills in rice farming activities. the purpose of this study is the influence of socio-economic factors on the behavior of farmers in rice farming. This research was conducted on 21 September - 10 November 2019 in Sumber Kulon Village, Jatitujuh District, Majalengka Regency, West Java. The method used in this study is a survey with 240 respondents. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews, while data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Patani activities in rice farming are started from land preparation, selection of rice seeds, rice seedbed, planting, maintenance, food and post-harvest. The results showed that the influence of socio-economic factors on farmer's behavior in the level of siginification was 0.05 with 0.006, Educational variable was 0.094, experience variable was 0.552, motivation variable was 0.034, acceptance variable was 0.096, media information variable was 0,000 and agricultural extension variables were of 0.010. This can be seen from the contribution of farmers in social factors by 27% of the behavior of farmers because farmers only depend on rice farming activities. The reasons for choosing to keep doing this activity are, among other things, a family business. 

scholarly journals SKALA USAHA MINIMUM PADA USAHATANI TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum) KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Satria Putra Utama ◽  
Andi Irawan ◽  
Butmen Marito H
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Farmer Behavior ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Area X ◽  
The Way

Tobacco  was one of   priority  commodity  in Rejang  Lebong  district  to develop,  its supported  by suitable micro climate and farmer behavior so long. The research  were objected  to analyze the influencing factors on produdion  and minimum  economic scale of tobacco  farming system  at Rejang Lebong District. These tried to answer thorugh the cob-douglas  and break even point  analyses. The research  showed  that area  (x 1),  TSP fertilizer  (x3),  ZA  fertlizer  (x4)  significantly  influence  to  tobacco  production.   Minimum economic  scale of tobacco  farming system  around  0.07 ha but farmers  scale  about  0.49 ha. It meaned that farmet tobacco were already in comerdal/economic   scale. Improving  the prcxluction  could be attained thorugh  extensification  and intesification  . extensification  in the way of extended  the  croping  area, while intesification  by improving  fertilizers  of TSP and ZA  to optimal  level  of usage.  others  factors  should  be another  farmer  focus to increas  prcxluction such  quality of seed,  integrated  and environmental  pestici~e and so forth. Keywords:  Minimum economic scale, farming system, tobacco 

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERILAKU.PETANI TERHADAP RISIKO USAHATANI LIDAH BUAYA DI PONTIANAK

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Imelda Imelda ◽  
Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo ◽  
Dwidjono Hadi Darwanto
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Farmer Behavior ◽  
Farmer Income ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The research aims to: (1) identify the income differences between Aloe vera farming system with monoculture and multicultural cropping pattern; (2) identify the risk of cost, production, and income of Aloe Vera farming of each cropping pattern, (3) identify farmer behavior to the risk of each Aloe Vera farming system, and (4) determine socio-economic factors influencing the farmer behavior to the risk of Aloe Vera farming .. Research area was chosen by purposive in North 'Pontianak sub-district, West Kalimantan. Analyses used were cost and income analysis, coefficient of variation analysis, quadratic utility function, and multiple linear regressions. The results show that the Aloe Vera farmer income with monoculture cropping pattern is lower than Aloe Vera farmer with multicultural. The risk of cost, ,production, and income of Aloe Vera farming with monoculture cropping pattern is higher than multicultural. 40.74% Aloe Vera farmers with monoculture cropping pattern and 7.89% Aloe Vera farmers with multicultural show behavioral risk lover. There are 14.82% Aloe Vera farmers with monoculture cropping pattern and 28.95% Aloe Vera farmers with multicultural show behavioral risk averse. The remaining were risk neutral farmers, i.e. 44, 44% Aloe Vera farmers with monoculture cropping pattern and 63,16% Aloe Verafarmers with multicultural. Farmer behavior to the risk influenced by farmer's age, family size, farmer's experience, and dummy of cropping pattern and farmer ethnical.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document