scholarly journals Trade, Foreign Direct Investment or Acquisition: Optimal Entry Modes for Multinationals

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo S. Eicher ◽  
Jong Woo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Entry Modes

Korean Education and Foreign Direct Investment: Focusing on Entry Modes

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-111
Author(s):  
Lorna Baek ◽  
Jimmyn Parc
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Current System ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Korean Education ◽  
International University ◽  
Economic Advancement ◽  
Specific Education

Education is a key for economic advancement. Thus, this study d its development to date. In doing so and by simultaneously analyzing Brain Drain Index and international university rankings comparatively, a number of issues are highlighted as unsatisfactory. In order to overcome the problems presented by the current system, this paper applies a comprehensive entry mode model to education-based foreign direct investment. A case study, benchmarking Singapore, highlights specific education policy amendments regarding liberalization that could also be applicable to the Korean education field, ultimately aiding economic advancement.

Multinationals and Economic Development in Italy during the Twentieth Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Colli
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The One ◽  
Investment Patterns

As a host country for foreign direct investment, conventional measures suggest that Italy is not a very attractive location. However, based upon a new database of the one hundred largest multinationals in the country, this article shows that foreign firms consistently played a crucial role in Italy's industrial activities throughout the twentieth century. A detailed analysis of investment patterns, distribution across industries, and entry modes reveals that they concentrated their investment in sectors of high technological and scale intensity, such as chemicals and pharmaceuticals, where domestic capabilities and competition remained weak during much of the period.

Foreign Direct Investment in Brazilian Hospitals: Mapping Institutional Environment and Scenarios for the Investors

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-486
Author(s):  
Marcelo Andre Machado ◽  
Diana Indiara Ferreira Jardim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Hospital Market ◽  
Health Insurance Companies ◽  
First Time

This article maps the probable scenarios for Brazilian hospital market, considering the institutional environment of the country from the law change, which allowed for the first time, from January 2016, foreign direct investment (FDI) in healthcare services. To present the likely scenarios of the next decade, in the opinion of healthcare actors in Brazil, a quantitative–qualitative field study was conducted. The first step was to carry out in-depth interviews with 13 experts from hospital groups, private health insurance companies, government, healthcare workers and foreign investors. Three scenarios for the next 10 years were built with 21 variables derived from the panel. The second step of the research was a survey with 134 healthcare stakeholders who indicated the probability of each variable. The results of the study indicated that the complexity of hospital market will be the biggest challenge for investors in Brazil. There are no signs of barriers that would prevent foreign investment in hospitals. However, there is a concern whether in the future there will be or not regulations, and which agency will be responsible. The likely entry modes for foreign investors will be joint ventures with Brazilian hospital groups and acquisitions of operations in the country.

Entrepreneurial Logics in International Entry Mode Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Valentina Macovei ◽  
Birgit Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Entry Mode ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Entry Mode Choice ◽  
External Context

The aim of this paper is, through a two-staged literature review, to identify the role and impact of causation, effectuation, and bricolage logics during internationalization and, in particular, in entry-mode choice. The results show that entrepreneurs in their internationalization decisions can follow one, a combination, or a sequence of logics depending on the venture's or its international lifecycle and experience, the (perceptions of) internal and external context, and network relations. Likewise, entry modes such as JVs, strategic alliances, and export can be driven by different logics or their combination, while foreign direct investment is predominantly driven by causation logic. Bricolage has received little attention in extant work and, thus, is a future avenue for research. Research, although growing in importance, falls short of longitudinal studies, which are necessary to identify shifts, and, importantly, performance consequences of different decision-making logics.

Determinants of foreign direct investment and entry modes of Polish multinational enterprises: A new perspective on internationalization

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Kowalewski ◽  
Mariusz-Jan Radło
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Entry Modes ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Strategic Assets ◽  
Firm Data

This study uses firm data to examine the locational trends of foreign direct investment projects undertaken by Polish companies. The findings of the study are consistent with the evolutionary models of internationalization. Companies in the early stages of internationalization are motivated by markets and resource seeking, whereas efficiency seeking and strategic asset seeking are significant motivators in the advanced stages of internationalization. However, our results with respect to Polish cross-border acquisitions by service companies and greenfield foreign direct investments by industrial or manufacturing companies did not confirm the evolutionary model findings. We found evidence that, in both cases, investments are motivated by the need for efficiency or strategic assets.

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