Effect of Health Insurance in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Malani ◽  
Phoebe Holtzman ◽  
Kosuke Imai ◽  
Cynthia Kinnan ◽  
Morgen Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effect of Various Invitation Schemes on the Use of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/16413 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e16413
Author(s):  
Laura Fiona Gruner ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
Leopold Ludwig ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Insurance Plan ◽  
Health Insurance Plan ◽  
German Health Care System ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
German Health ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Reminder Letters

Background Fecal occult blood testing has been offered for many years in the German health care system, but participation rates have been notoriously low. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of various personal invitation schemes on the use of fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) in persons aged 50-54 years. Methods This study consists of a three-armed randomized controlled trial: (1) arm A: an invitation letter from a health insurance plan including a FIT test kit, (2) arm B: an invitation letter from a health insurance plan including an offer to receive a free FIT test kit by mail upon easy-to-handle request (ie, by internet, fax, or reply mail), and (3) arm C: an information letter on an existing colonoscopy offer (ie, control). Within arms A and B, a random selection of 50% of the study population will receive reminder letters, the effects of which are to be evaluated in a substudy. Results A total of 17,532 persons aged 50-54 years in a statutory health insurance plan in the southwest of Germany—AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg—were sent an initial invitation, and 5825 reminder letters were sent out. The primary end point is FIT usage within 1 year from receipt of invitation or information letter. The main secondary end points include gender-specific FIT usage within 1 year, rates of positive test results, rates of colonoscopies following a positive test result, and detection rates of advanced neoplasms. The study was launched in September 2017. Data collection and workup were completed in fall 2019. Conclusions This randomized controlled trial will provide important empirical evidence for enhancing colorectal cancer screening offers in the German health care system. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00011858; https://bit.ly/2UBTIdt International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/16413

scholarly journals Effect of Health Insurance in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Malani ◽  
Phoebe Holtzman ◽  
Kosuke Imai ◽  
Cynthia Kinnan ◽  
Morgen Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effect of Health Insurance in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Malani ◽  
Phoebe Holtzman ◽  
Kosuke Imai ◽  
Cynthia Kinnan ◽  
Morgen Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effect of health insurance in India: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Conti ◽  
Bartosz Woda ◽  
Alessandra Voena ◽  
Shailender Swaminathan ◽  
Morgen Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Effect of Various Invitation Schemes on the Use of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Fiona Gruner ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
Leopold Ludwig ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Insurance Plan ◽  
Health Insurance Plan ◽  
German Health Care System ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
German Health ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Reminder Letters

BACKGROUND Fecal occult blood testing has been offered for many years in the German health care system, but participation rates have been notoriously low. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of various personal invitation schemes on the use of fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) in persons aged 50-54 years. METHODS This study consists of a three-armed randomized controlled trial: (1) arm A: an invitation letter from a health insurance plan including a FIT test kit, (2) arm B: an invitation letter from a health insurance plan including an offer to receive a free FIT test kit by mail upon easy-to-handle request (ie, by internet, fax, or reply mail), and (3) arm C: an information letter on an existing colonoscopy offer (ie, control). Within arms A and B, a random selection of 50% of the study population will receive reminder letters, the effects of which are to be evaluated in a substudy. RESULTS A total of 17,532 persons aged 50-54 years in a statutory health insurance plan in the southwest of Germany—AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg—were sent an initial invitation, and 5825 reminder letters were sent out. The primary end point is FIT usage within 1 year from receipt of invitation or information letter. The main secondary end points include gender-specific FIT usage within 1 year, rates of positive test results, rates of colonoscopies following a positive test result, and detection rates of advanced neoplasms. The study was launched in September 2017. Data collection and workup were completed in fall 2019. CONCLUSIONS This randomized controlled trial will provide important empirical evidence for enhancing colorectal cancer screening offers in the German health care system. CLINICALTRIAL German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00011858; https://bit.ly/2UBTIdt INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/16413

Treatment Fidelity Procedures for an Aphasia Intervention Within a Randomized Controlled Trial: Design, Feasibility, and Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 412-424
Author(s):  
Elissa L. Conlon ◽  
Emily J. Braun ◽  
Edna M. Babbitt ◽  
Leora R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Study Condition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study reports on the treatment fidelity procedures implemented during a 5-year randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and distributed comprehensive aphasia therapy. Specifically, the results of 1 treatment, verb network strengthening treatment (VNeST), are examined. Method Eight participants were recruited for each of 7 consecutive cohorts for a total of 56 participants. Participants completed 60 hr of aphasia therapy, including 15 hr of VNeST. Two experienced speech-language pathologists delivered the treatment. To promote treatment fidelity, the study team developed a detailed manual of procedures and fidelity checklists, completed role plays to standardize treatment administration, and video-recorded all treatment sessions for review. To assess protocol adherence during treatment delivery, trained research assistants not involved in the treatment reviewed video recordings of a subset of randomly selected VNeST treatment sessions and completed the fidelity checklists. This process was completed for 32 participants representing 2 early cohorts and 2 later cohorts, which allowed for measurement of protocol adherence over time. Percent accuracy of protocol adherence was calculated across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition (intensive vs. distributed therapy). Results The fidelity procedures were sufficient to promote and verify a high level of adherence to the treatment protocol across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition. Conclusion Treatment fidelity strategies and monitoring are feasible when incorporated into the study design. Treatment fidelity monitoring should be completed at regular intervals during the course of a study to ensure that high levels of protocol adherence are maintained over time and across conditions.

Phonomotor Versus Semantic Feature Analysis Treatment for Anomia in 58 Persons With Aphasia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 4464-4482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane L. Kendall ◽  
Megan Oelke Moldestad ◽  
Wesley Allen ◽  
Janaki Torrence ◽  
Stephen E. Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Response Latency ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Feature ◽  
Feature Analysis ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Confrontation Naming ◽  
Semantic Feature Analysis

Purpose The ultimate goal of anomia treatment should be to achieve gains in exemplars trained in the therapy session, as well as generalization to untrained exemplars and contexts. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of phonomotor treatment, a treatment focusing on enhancement of phonological sequence knowledge, against semantic feature analysis (SFA), a lexical-semantic therapy that focuses on enhancement of semantic knowledge and is well known and commonly used to treat anomia in aphasia. Method In a between-groups randomized controlled trial, 58 persons with aphasia characterized by anomia and phonological dysfunction were randomized to receive 56–60 hr of intensively delivered treatment over 6 weeks with testing pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3 months posttreatment termination. Results There was no significant between-groups difference on the primary outcome measure (untrained nouns phonologically and semantically unrelated to each treatment) at 3 months posttreatment. Significant within-group immediately posttreatment acquisition effects for confrontation naming and response latency were observed for both groups. Treatment-specific generalization effects for confrontation naming were observed for both groups immediately and 3 months posttreatment; a significant decrease in response latency was observed at both time points for the SFA group only. Finally, significant within-group differences on the Comprehensive Aphasia Test–Disability Questionnaire ( Swinburn, Porter, & Howard, 2004 ) were observed both immediately and 3 months posttreatment for the SFA group, and significant within-group differences on the Functional Outcome Questionnaire ( Glueckauf et al., 2003 ) were found for both treatment groups 3 months posttreatment. Discussion Our results are consistent with those of prior studies that have shown that SFA treatment and phonomotor treatment generalize to untrained words that share features (semantic or phonological sequence, respectively) with the training set. However, they show that there is no significant generalization to untrained words that do not share semantic features or phonological sequence features.

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