Pre-Culturing Soil Microbial Inoculum in Plant Residues Enhanced the Resilience of Tolerant Bacteria and Bioneutralization Efficacy in Alkaline Bauxite Residues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang You ◽  
Yuanying Ma ◽  
Longbin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bauxite Residues

scholarly journals Cover crops as modifying agents of microbiological soil attribute

2019 ◽  
pp. 1578-1585
Author(s):  
Catia Aparecida Simon ◽  
Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Meire Silvestrini Cordeiro ◽  
Vinícius Andrade Secco ◽  
Guilherme Nacata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Rapid Responses ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

Carbon sources are exuded and deposited by different soil cover plants. They promote growth, diversity and enhancement of soil microbial community functionality, due to organic matter degradation by participating in major biochemical cycles and the availability of inorganic nutrients to plants. In this way, it is necessary to evaluate the microbiological attributes of the soil after cover cropping, which allows for surveying and monitoring the soil quality, thereby enabling rapid responses in relation to managing changes in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil microbiological attributes and soybean grain yield under the influence of different cover crops. The experiment was installed in the year 2015. The treatments were constituted by the following vegetation coverages: sorghum, millet, Urochloa ruziziensis, forage turnip, Urochloa brizantha, crambe and fallow area, with cover crops sown in succession to the soybean crop for three years prior to the date of installation of the experiment .The evaluated parameters were soil microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration, metabolic quotient, enzymatic activity of acid phosphatase and soil β-glucosidase, plant phytomass produced by the different cover crops and soybean yield in each area. The use of cover crops promotes higher soybean yield. The microbial activity and its efficiency were modulated according to the type of cover crop used. Soil under sorghum mulch provided lower microbial efficiency. The U. ruziziensis plant residues remain for less time on the soil. The results show that U. brizantha may be the most suitable for its use as a soil cover plant, providing improvements in its attributes.

scholarly journals Dynamics of dry matter and selenium accumulation in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in response to organic and inorganic selenium treatments

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashmin Ebrahimi ◽  
Helinä Hartikainen ◽  
Asko Simojoki ◽  
Roghieh Hajiboland ◽  
Mervi M Seppänen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Selenium Accumulation ◽  
Inorganic Selenium ◽  
The Impact

The uptake by and subsequent translocation of selenium (Se) within the plant is dependent on its chemical from and soil properties that dictate this trace element’s bioavailability. Plant species differ in their tendency to accumulate Se. Se taken-up by plants is returned to soil in plant residues, but the bioavailability of organic Se in those residues is poorly known. We investigated the impact of inorganic (Na2SeO4), organic (Se-enriched stem and leaf residues) Se applications and also soil microbial respiration on the growth and Se concentrations of various plant organs of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) during its development from the rosette to the seed filling stage. Both inorganic and organic Se slightly improved plant growth and enhanced plant development. Inorganic Se was more bioavailable than the organic forms and resulted in 3-fold to 6-fold higher Se concentrations in the siliques. Inorganic Se in autoclaved soil tended to elevate the Se concentration in all plant parts and at all growth stages. The organic Se raised Se concentrations in plants much less effectively than the inorganic selenate. Therefore, the use of inorganic Se is still recommended for biofortification.

The relative contribution of plant residues and fertilizer to the phosphorus nutrition of wheat in a pasture cereal system

Soil Research ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mclaughlin ◽  
AM Alston
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Medicago Trunculata ◽  
Microbial P ◽  
32P Uptake ◽  
Total P

Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. Warigal) here grown in a solonised brown soil (Calcixerollic xerochrept) which had been previously cropped to medic (Medicago trunculata cv. Paraggio). The 33P-labelled medic residues and 32P-labelled monocalcium phosphate were added to the soil in factorial combination. Amounts of 31P, 32P and 33P in the wheat plants and in the soil microbial biomass were determined. Addition of residues depressed wheat dry weight, 31P and 32P uptake, while simultaneously increasing amounts of 31P and 32P incorporated into the microbial biomass. Addition of fertiliser had no effect on the proportion of plant P taken up from the residues, but significantly increased the proportion of microbial P derived from this source. The 31P held in the microbial biomass was significantly increased by both residue and fertiliser P addition, with the former having the larger effect. Of the total P applied to the soil, medic residues contributed approximately one-quarter of that supplied by the fertiliser. Of the total P in the wheat plant, medic residues supplied approximately one-fifth of that supplied by the fertiliser.

scholarly journals Role of Plant Residues in Determining Temporal Patterns of the Activity, Size, and Structure of Nitrate Reducer Communities in Soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (21) ◽  
pp. 7136-7143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chèneby ◽  
D. Bru ◽  
N. Pascault ◽  
P. A. Maron ◽  
L. Ranjard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Nitrate Reducers

ABSTRACT The incorporation of plant residues into soil not only represents an opportunity to limit soil organic matter depletion resulting from cultivation but also provides a valuable source of nutrients such as nitrogen. However, the consequences of plant residue addition on soil microbial communities involved in biochemical cycles other than the carbon cycle are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the responses of one N-cycling microbial community, the nitrate reducers, to wheat, rape, and alfalfa residues for 11 months after incorporation into soil in a field experiment. A 20- to 27-fold increase in potential nitrate reduction activity was observed for residue-amended plots compared to the nonamended plots during the first week. This stimulating effect of residues on the activity of the nitrate-reducing community rapidly decreased but remained significant over 11 months. During this period, our results suggest that the potential nitrate reduction activity was regulated by both carbon availability and temperature. The presence of residues also had a significant effect on the abundance of nitrate reducers estimated by quantitative PCR of the narG and napA genes, encoding the membrane-bound and periplasmic nitrate reductases, respectively. In contrast, the incorporation of the plant residues into soil had little impact on the structure of the narG and napA nitrate-reducing community determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fingerprinting. Overall, our results revealed that the addition of plant residues can lead to important long-term changes in the activity and size of a microbial community involved in N cycling but with limited effects of the type of plant residue itself.

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