Medical Occupation Preference Under the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Social and Risk Preference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Cartwright ◽  
Yiting Guo ◽  
Lijia Wei ◽  
Lian Xue
Keyword(s):  
Risk Preference ◽  
Medical Occupation

Risk Preference Elicitation and the Role of Personality and Intelligence

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja F. Blackstone ◽  
Jerry C. Crabb ◽  
Frederick L. Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Preference ◽  
Preference Elicitation

scholarly journals Risky Politics? Associations between Adolescent Risk Preference and Political Engagement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Oosterhoff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Preference ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adaptive Role

This study examined associations among adolescent risk preference and political engagement using nationally representative Monitoring the Future data from high school seniors (N=109,574; modal age=18 years) spanning 1976-2014. Greater risk preference was associated with greater past voting, donating to a campaign, writing government officials, boycotting, and protesting. Greater risk preference was associated with higher future intentions to boycott and protest, but lower intentions to donate to or volunteer for a campaign. In general, associations between risk preference and political engagement became stronger with higher levels of political interest. Results highlight the importance of considering the adaptive role of adolescent risk preference and suggest that political engagement may be a constructive outlet for youth who pursue or are comfortable taking risks.

scholarly journals The Role of Memory in Distinguishing Risky Decisions from Experience and Description

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2048-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Madan ◽  
Elliot A. Ludvig ◽  
Marcia L. Spetch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Preferences ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Risky Choice ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Memory Biases ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Decisions From Experience ◽  
Risk Seeking ◽  
Subject Design

People's risk preferences differ for choices based on described probabilities versus those based on information learned through experience. For decisions from description, people are typically more risk averse for gains than for losses. In contrast, for decisions from experience, people are sometimes more risk seeking for gains than losses, especially for choices with the possibility of extreme outcomes (big wins or big losses), which are systematically overweighed in memory. Using a within-subject design, this study evaluated whether this memory bias plays a role in the differences in risky choice between description and experience. As in previous studies, people were more risk seeking for losses than for gains in description but showed the opposite pattern in experience. People also more readily remembered the extreme outcomes and judged them as having occurred more frequently. These memory biases correlated with risk preferences in decisions from experience but not in decisions from description. These results suggest that systematic memory biases may be responsible for some of the differences in risk preference across description and experience.

scholarly journals Social Exclusion and Impulsive Buying among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and The Moderating Role of Risk Preference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haocheng Luo ◽  
Jiarong Chen ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
Yangang Nie ◽  
Guodong Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Impulsive Buying ◽  
The Relationship

With the development of science and technology, buying has become much easier. At the same time, however, impulsive buying has many negative consequences for college students, and the causes of impulsive buying should therefore be explored. To explore the relationship between social exclusion and impulsive buying and its underlying mechanism, this study used the Social Exclusion Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Risk Preference Scale, and Impulsive Buying Scale to investigate the roles of self-esteem and risk preference in the relationship between social exclusion and impulsive buying among 768 college students (387 were female, Mage = 20.25 years). The results were as follows: (1) when controlling for gender, age, family monthly income, and monthly living expenses, social exclusion significantly and positively predicted impulsive buying; (2) self-esteem played a mediating role between social exclusion and impulsive buying; (3) risk preference moderated the relationship between the second half of the mediating path and the direct path. These results reveal the mechanism underlying impulsive buying in college students, that is, social exclusion will predict the decrease of college students' self-esteem, and low self-esteem will further predict college students' impulsive buying which is a way for them to gain a sense of self-worth. Relatively low risk preference can well alleviate the negative impact of social exclusion and low self-esteem on impulsive buying. What’s more, these results have implications for impulsive buying interventions. Schools should aim to create a good peer atmosphere by making certain rules that help to reduce social exclusion and parents and education departments should cultivate students’ risk awareness to avoid risk behaviors in college students, such as impulsive buying behavior.

scholarly journals Labor Use and Profitability Associated with Pasture Systems in Grass-Fed Beef Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basu Bhandari ◽  
Jeffrey Gillespie ◽  
Guillermo Scaglia
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Forage System ◽  
Gulf Coast Region ◽  
Beef Prices ◽  
Coast Region

Three pasture systems for grass-fed beef that are representative of those used in the U.S. Gulf Coast region are compared by labor use and profitability. In addition to means comparisons, stochastic efficiency with respect to a function analysis allows us to incorporate the role of risk preference in determining the most preferred production system. Five years of experimental data from the Iberia Research Station in Louisiana are used to develop revenue, expense, and labor use estimates for the three systems. Results suggest that, with or without including charges for labor, the most profitable system is the least complex bermudagrass-ryegrass system. If labor is included, a medium-complexity forage system becomes preferred for more risk averse farmers. The most complex forage system might become competitive if a carbon market were developed and/or farmers were able to realize higher grass-fed beef prices on the basis of product quality.

The Role of Risk Preference in Immigration and Minimum Wage Policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709-1724
Author(s):  
Yulian Wang ◽  
Hongfei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
Illegal Immigration ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Illegal Immigrants ◽  
Wage Policy ◽  
Minimum Wage Legislation ◽  
Employment Elasticity ◽  
Enforcement Policies

Abstract This paper examines the effects of two enforcement policies and a minimum wage policy in controlling illegal immigration and improving welfare when capital is immobile. The model highlights the importance of the role of risk preference by considering various attitudes to risk held by illegal immigrants and host firms. It is shown that the effect of internal enforcement on the wage rate in host firms depends on the attitude to risk of illegal immigrants and host firms. It is also shown that the impacts of the minimum wage legislation differ according to risk preference and the degree of labor employment elasticity to the source wage. Moreover, attitude to risk is shown to be important in determining the effectiveness of policies on welfare.

Discrepancies in Risk Preference in Other-regarding Decision Making

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhou Sun ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Yongfang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Construal Level Theory ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Risk Seeking ◽  
Other Regarding ◽  
University Undergraduates ◽  
Loss Experiment

We explored the discrepancies in risk preference in other-regarding decision making from the perspective of construal level theory. We recruited 166 university undergraduates to participant in a 2 (other: close or distant) × 2 (role of the decision maker: deciding for others vs. predicting the decisions of others) × 2 (domain: gain or loss) experiment. Results showed that participants were more risk seeking in distant other-regarding decisions than in close other-regarding decisions, when predicting the decisions of others than when deciding for others, and in the loss domain than in the gain domain. Such effects were stronger in the gain domain than in the loss domain. These findings suggest that people's risk preferences in other-regarding decision making are changeable, depending on whom they decide for and which role they play.

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