scholarly journals Characterization of Scar Tissue Biomechanics During Adult Murine Flexor Tendon Healing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonion Korcari ◽  
Mark R. Buckley ◽  
Alayna E. Loiselle
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Tissue Biomechanics

scholarly journals Tendon Cell Deletion of IKKβ/NF-κB Drives Functionally Deficient Tendon Healing and Altered Cell Survival Signaling In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Best ◽  
Emma Knapp ◽  
Constantinos Ketonis ◽  
Jennifer H. Jonason ◽  
Hani A. Awad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Scar Tissue Formation

AbstractAcute tendon injuries are characterized by excessive matrix deposition that impedes regeneration and disrupts functional improvements. Inflammation is postulated to drive pathologic scar tissue formation, with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling emerging as a candidate pathway in this process. However, characterization of the spatial and temporal activation of canonical NF-κB signaling during tendon healing in vivo, including identification of the cell populations activating NF-κB, is currently unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to determine which cell populations activate canonical NF-κB signaling following flexor tendon repair with the goal of delineating cell-specific functions of NF-κB signaling during scar mediated tendon healing. Immunofluorescence revealed that both tendon cells and myofibroblasts exhibit prolonged activation of canonical NF-κB signaling into the remodeling phase of healing. Using cre-mediated knockout of the canonical NF-κB kinase (IKKβ), we discovered that suppression of canonical NF-κB signaling in Scleraxis-lineage cells increased myofibroblast content and scar tissue formation. Interestingly, Scleraxis-lineage specific knockout of IKKβ increased the incidence of apoptosis, suggesting that canonical NF-κB signaling may be mediating cell survival during tendon healing. These findings suggest indispensable roles for canonical NF-κB signaling during flexor tendon healing.One Sentence SummaryScleraxis-lineage specific knockdown of persistent canonical IKKβ/NF-κB drives scar formation and apoptotic signaling during flexor tendon healing.

An in vitro model of fibroblast activity and adhesion formation during flexor tendon healing

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Packer ◽  
George W. Dombi ◽  
Ping Yang Yu ◽  
Paul Zidel ◽  
Walter G. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Non‐Invasive Ultrasound Quantification of Scar Tissue Volume Identifies Early Functional Changes During Tendon Healing

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2476-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Ackerman ◽  
Valentina Studentsova ◽  
Marlin Myers ◽  
Mark R. Buckley ◽  
Michael S. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Non Invasive

Comparison of healing in forelimb and hindlimb surgically induced core lesions of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 358-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Van Weeren ◽  
C. H. A. Van de Lest ◽  
J. Boere ◽  
M. Reyes ◽  
J. C. Ionita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
Surgically Induced

SummaryObjective: Even though equine multi-limb tendinopathy models have been reported, it is unknown if fore- and hindlimb tendon healing behave similarly. The aim of this study was to compare the healing process of surgically induced superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) core lesions of fore- and hindlimbs in horses.Methods: Tendon core lesions were surgically induced in the SDFT of both fore- and hindlimbs in eight horses. One randomly assigned forelimb and one randomly assigned hindlimb were injected with saline one and two weeks post-surgery. The healing process was monitored clinically and ultrasonographically. After 24 weeks, the tendons were harvested and biochemical, biomechanical and histological parameters were evaluated.Results: Twenty-four weeks post-surgery, the forelimb SDFT lesions had a significantly higher colour Doppler ultrasound vascularization score (p = 0.02) and glycosaminoglycan concentration (p = 0.04) and a significantly lower hydroxylysylpyridinoline content (p = 0.03).Clinical relevance: Our results indicate that fore- and hindlimb SDFT surgically induced lesions exhibit significant differences in several important parameters of tendon healing 24 weeks post-surgery. These differences create significant challenges in using all four limbs and accurately interpreting the results that one might generate. Therefore these findings do not support the use of four-limb models for study of tendon injury until the reasons for these differences are much better understood.

scholarly journals Characterization of scar tissue biomechanics during adult murine flexor tendon healing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonion Korcari ◽  
Alayna E Loiselle ◽  
Mark R Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Material Quality ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Tangent Moduli ◽  
Experimental Findings

Tendon injuries are very common and result in significant impairments in mobility and quality of life. During healing, tendons produce a scar at the injury site, characterized by abundant and disorganized extracellular matrix and by permanent deficits in mechanical integrity compared to healthy tendon. Although a significant amount of work has been done to understand the healing process of tendons and to develop potential therapeutics for tendon regeneration, there is still a significant gap in terms of assessing the direct effects of therapeutics on the functional and material quality specifically of the scar tissue, and thus, on the overall tendon healing process. In this study, we focused on characterizing the mechanical properties of only the scar tissue in flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendons during the proliferative and remodeling healing phases and comparing these properties with the mechanical properties of the composite healing tissue. Our method was sensitive enough to identify significant differences in structural and material properties between the scar and tendon-scar composite tissues. To account for possible inaccuracies due to the small aspect ratio of scar tissue, we also applied inverse finite element analysis (iFEA) to compute mechanical properties based on simulated tests with accurate specimen geometries and boundary conditions. We found that the scar tissue linear tangent moduli calculated from iFEA were not significantly different from those calculated experimentally at all healing timepoints, validating our experimental findings, and suggesting the assumptions in our experimental calculations were accurate. Taken together, this study first demonstrates that due to the presence of uninjured stubs, testing composite healing tendons without isolating the scar tissue overestimates the material properties of the scar itself. Second, our scar isolation method promises to enable more direct assessment of how different treatment regimens (e.g., cellular ablation, biomechanical and/or biochemical stimuli, tissue engineered scaffolds) affect scar tissue function and material quality in multiple different types of tendons.

Flexor tendon healing in vitro: Effects of TGF-β on tendon cell collagen production

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Klein ◽  
Naveen Yalamanchi ◽  
Hung Pham ◽  
Michael T. Longaker ◽  
James Chan
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Collagen Production ◽  
Tendon Cell ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid on Rabbit Profundus Flexor Tendon Healing in Vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader I. Salti ◽  
Robert J. Tuel ◽  
Daniel P. Mass
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Healing

Gross and Histological Analysis of Healing After Dog Flexor Tendon Repair with the Teno Fix™ Device

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. SU ◽  
F. J. RAIA ◽  
H. M. QUITKIN ◽  
M. PARISIEN ◽  
R. J. STRAUCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Cast Immobilization ◽  
Flexor Tendon Repair ◽  
The Common ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

The purpose of this study was to examine the in vivo characteristics of the stainless-steel Teno Fix™ device used for flexor tendon repair. The common flexor digitorum superficialis tendon was transected in 16 dogs and repaired with the device. The animals were euthanized at 3, 6, or 12 weeks postoperatively. Difficulties with cast immobilization led nine of 16 animals to be full weight bearing too early, leading to rupture of their repairs. The seven tendons with successful primary repairs (gap <2 mm) underwent histological examination. This in vivo study demonstrates that use of the Teno Fix™ in “suture” of dog flexor tendons did not lead to scarring at the tendon surface, does not cause an inflammatory reaction within the tendon and does not interfere with tendon healing.

Flexor Tendon Healing

Hand Clinics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Paul R. Manske ◽  
Richard H. Gelberman ◽  
Peggy A. Lesker
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Tendon Healing
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