Quantification of Three-Stage N-Pentane Autoignition Using Filtered Natural Emission of Species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Phiel ◽  
Omid Samimi Abianeh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Emission

Species quantification during n-heptane autoignition using filtered natural emission of species

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 121563
Author(s):  
J.A. Piehl ◽  
O. Samimi-Abianeh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Emission

Natural Emission Spectroscopy for Diagnostics of the Reaction Zone Inside a Mild Combustor

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
M. Marrocco ◽  
M. Magaldi ◽  
V. Visentin ◽  
M. D’Apice ◽  
R. Cipriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Zone ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Emission

10. Mercury Biomagnification in the Food Web of Tropical Andean Stream

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Yun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Andes Mountains ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Fish Mucus ◽  
13C Isotopes ◽  
Natural Emission ◽  
Aquatic Food

Increasing release of mercury (Hg) through gold amalgamation, and deforestation have been major concerns in South America. Volcanic sources have also contributed to the natural emission of Hg from the Andes Mountains. Hg not only exhibits biomagnification through aquatic food webs, but it is also neurotoxic and impacts the reproductive capacity of fish. Many studies have assessed Hg biomagnification from areas of gold mining and erosion, but ours is one of the first to examine Hg contamination in a relatively undisturbed area. We used stable nitrogen () and carbon (13C) isotopes to characterize the food web of Río Las Marías, Venezuela, and examine Hg biomagnification trends. Representative fish species from Río Las Marías were collected during January‐February 2004, including detritivores, herbivores, invertivores, parasites, piscivores, and carnivores. Nitrogen isotope results indicate that parasitic catfish (Ochmancanthus alternus) ( = 12.2‰), carnivorous stingrays (Potamotrygon orbignyi) ( =11.4‰) and piscivorous redeye piranhas (Serrasalmus rhombeus) ( =10.9‰) act as top consumers in the web. Detritivorous characins (Steindachnerina argentae) (=6.8‰), and invertivorous knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons) ( =7.9‰) were located at the bottom of the food web. Although the highest value was observed from Ochmancanthus alternus due to its unusual diet of fish mucus, we predict that piscivorous species will exhibit higher Hg concentrations by consuming the muscle tissue where Hg is stored. Our assessment of Hg patterns in Río Las Marías will clarify the extent of Hg contamination in undisturbed areas, and will offer a valuable comparison to rivers that are influenced by gold mining activities.3

Impacts of natural emission sources on particle pollution levels in Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 171-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Liora ◽  
Anastasia Poupkou ◽  
Theodore M. Giannaros ◽  
Konstantinos E. Kakosimos ◽  
Olaf Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Sources ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Particle Pollution ◽  
Natural Emission

scholarly journals Historical and future changes in air pollutants from CMIP6 models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven T. Turnock ◽  
Robert J. Allen ◽  
Martin Andrews ◽  
Susanne E. Bauer ◽  
Louisa Emmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Natural Emission ◽  
Surface O3

Abstract. Poor air quality is currently responsible for large impacts on human health across the world. In addition, the air pollutants, ozone (O3) and particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), are also radiatively active in the atmosphere and can influence Earth’s climate. It is important to understand the effect of air quality and climate mitigation measures over the historical period and in different future scenarios to ascertain any impacts from air pollutants on both climate and human health. The 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) presents an opportunity to analyse the change in air pollutants simulated by the current generation of climate and Earth system models that include a representation of chemistry and aerosols (particulate matter). The shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) used within CMIP6 encompass a wide range of trajectories in precursor emissions and climate change, allowing for an improved analysis of future changes to air pollutants. Firstly, we conduct an evaluation of the available CMIP6 models against surface observations of O3 and PM2.5. CMIP6 models show a consistent overestimation of observed surface O3 concentrations across most regions and in most seasons, with a large diversity in simulated values over northern hemisphere continental regions. Conversely, observed surface PM2.5 concentrations are consistently underestimated by CMIP6 models, particularly for the northern hemisphere winter months, with the largest model diversity near natural emission source regions. Over the historical period (1850–2014) large increases in both surface O3 and PM2.5 are simulated by the CMIP6 models across all regions, particularly over the mid to late 20th Century when anthropogenic emissions increase markedly. Large regional historical changes are simulated for both pollutants, across East and South Asia, with an increase of up to 40 ppb for O3 and 12 µg m-3 for PM2.5. In future scenarios containing strong air quality and climate mitigation measures (ssp126), air pollutants are substantially reduced across all regions by up to 15 ppb for O3 and 12 µg m-3 for PM2.5. However, for scenarios that encompass weak action on mitigating climate and reducing air pollutant emissions (ssp370), increases of both surface O3 (up 10 ppb) and PM2.5 (up to 8 µg m-3) are simulated across most regions. Although, for regions like North America and Europe small reductions in PM2.5 are simulated in this scenario. A comparison of simulated regional changes in both surface O3 and PM2.5 from individual CMIP6 models highlights important differences due to the interaction of aerosols, chemistry, climate and natural emission sources within models. The prediction of regional air pollutant concentrations from the latest climate and Earth system models used within CMIP6 shows that the particular future trajectory of climate and air quality mitigation measures could have important consequences for regional air quality, human health and near-term climate. Differences between individual models emphasises the importance of understanding how future Earth system feedbacks influence natural emission sources.

IN-CYLINDER OH AND CO2* DETECTION IN SI ENGINE THROUGH UV NATURAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-437
Author(s):  
Simon Merola ◽  
Cinzia Tornatore ◽  
Luca Marchitto ◽  
Gerardo Valentino
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Co2 Detection ◽  
Natural Emission
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document