Green Bond, Renewable Energy Stocks and Carbon Price: Dynamic Connectedness, Hedging and Investment Strategies during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviral Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Emmanuel Joel Aikins Abakah ◽  
David Gabauer ◽  
Richard Adjei Dwumfour
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Price Dynamic

scholarly journals Learning Curve Analysis of Wind Power and Photovoltaics Technology in US: Cost Reduction and the Importance of Research, Development and Demonstration

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Alun Gu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Learning Curve ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Power Utility ◽  
Total Social Cost

The strategic transition from fossil energy to renewable energy is an irreversible global trend, but the pace of renewable energy deployment and the path of cost reduction are uncertain. In this paper, a two-factor learning-curve model of wind power and photovoltaics (PV) was established based on the latest empirical data from the United States, and the paths of cost reduction and corresponding social impacts were explored through scenario analysis. The results demonstrate that both of the technologies are undergoing a period of rapid development, with the learning-by-searching ratio (LSR) being greatly improved in comparison with the previous literature. Research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) have contributed to investment cost reduction in the past decade, and the cost difference between high and low RD&D spending scenarios is predicted to be 5.5%, 8.9%, and 11.27% for wind power, utility-scale PV, and residential PV, respectively, in 2030. Although higher RD&D requires more capital, it can effectively promote cost reduction, reduce the total social cost of deploying renewable energy, and reduce the abatement carbon price that is needed to promote deployment. RD&D and the institutional support behind it are of great importance in allowing renewables to penetrate the commercial market and contribute to long-term social welfare.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Carbon Price Dynamic System

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Fan ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Jiuli Yin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Carbon Market ◽  
Energy Price ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Government Control ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Price Dynamic

The carbon market is the least-cost tool to reduce carbon emissions. This study explores the evolution of the carbon price in the carbon market from a dynamic system perspective. A three-dimensional carbon price dynamic system is established to quantify the interactions among the carbon price, energy price, and economic growth. The system built in this study presents various dynamic characteristics including chaotic attractors and stable equilibria. Specifically, the existence of chaos in the system is verified by Lyapunov exponents spectrum and bifurcation diagram. In contrast, the system tends to be stable in the case of China after identifying the system parameters through the genetic algorithm. Furthermore, evolutionary trends of the carbon price are analyzed when the system parameters are perturbed. The results show that the carbon price is positively correlated with energy price as well as energy price policy. Besides, the level of the carbon price is negatively correlated with government control in the short term and positively correlated in the long term. This study can help analyze trends in the carbon price in the mid-term to long-term.

scholarly journals Pathway Analysis of a Zero-Emission Transition in the Nordic-Baltic Region

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Lund ◽  
Klaus Skytte ◽  
Simon Bolwig ◽  
Torjus Folsland Bolkesjö ◽  
Claire Bergaentzlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Emission Pathway ◽  
Zero Emission

A zero-emission pathway for the Nordic and Baltic region in Europe is described based on the comprehensive policy and scenario analyses, accompanied by energy system modelling. The analyses show that a least-cost strategy would massively employ renewable energy, particularly in the power sector. Through strong coupling across energy sectors and countries, electricity would play a central role in the decarbonization of the main energy sectors. In particular power-to-heat conversion, where heat storage appears important in addition to existing hydropower. Technical and regulatory barriers in front of increased sector coupling and flexibility were identified, and policy measures are proposed to overcome these. In addition to a high carbon price, dynamic tariffs and taxation of electricity would be important to allow market signals for flexibility to reach end-users. A stronger power transmission connection from the Nordics to the mainland-Europe and the United Kingdom would be beneficial for the emission reductions and renewable energy use. The transition pathway analysis points out socio-technical issues such as social acceptance of large-scale new infrastructures (e.g., wind, cables). The energy system optimizations indicate that most of the investments needed for the zero-emission pathway until 2050 would take place already by 2030.

scholarly journals Optimization on Trans-regional Electricity Transmission Scale of China’s Western Renewable Energy Base: The case study of Qinghai Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Bin Cai ◽  
Yusheng Xue ◽  
Yue Fan ◽  
Yan Wen ◽  
Xinxin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Electricity Transmission ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Cost And Benefit ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Total Economic Cost ◽  
The Cost

The optimization of trans-regional electricity transmission scale of China’s Western renewable energy base is crucial to drive China's energy revolution. Currently, the regional power planning or optimization is aimed at minimizing the total economic cost, without taking the cost and benefit of transregional electricity transmission into account. In this paper, a regional planning model considering the cost and benefit of trans-regional electricity transmission was proposed, and the target of trans-regional electricity transmission scale by 2050 was optimized. This study analysed the influence of carbon price, fossil fuel scarcity value, accommodation cost for renewable power on the optimized result of trans-regional electricity transmission scale. Furthermore, the policy implication of the research was also analysed.

scholarly journals A land-neutral expansion of Brazilian renewable fuel production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ramirez Camargo ◽  
Gabriel Castro ◽  
Katharina Gruber ◽  
Jessica Jewell ◽  
Michael Klingler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

Abstract Biofuels are currently the only available bulk renewable fuel. They have, however, limited expansion potential due to high land requirements and associated risks for biodiversity, food security, and land conflicts. We, therefore, propose to increase output from ethanol refineries in a land-neutral methanol pathway: surplus CO2-streams from fermentation are combined with hydrogen from renewably powered electrolysis to synthesize methanol. We illustrate this pathway with the Brazilian sugarcane ethanol industry using a spatio-temporal model. The fuel output of existing ethanol generation facilities can be increased by 42%-49% or ~100TWh without using additional land. This amount is sufficient to cover projected growth in Brazilian biofuel demand in 2030. We identify a trade-off between renewable energy generation technologies: wind power requires the least amount of land whereas a mix of wind and solar costs the least. In the cheapest scenario, green methanol is competitive to fossil methanol at a carbon price of 80EUR/tCO2

scholarly journals The Implicit Carbon Price of Renewable Energy Incentives in Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Marcantonini ◽  
A. Denny Ellerman
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Price

Valuation of CO2 Emissions Reduction from Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects in Africa: A Case Study of Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-729
Author(s):  
Rice Verouska Nono Seutche ◽  
Marie Sawadogo ◽  
Firmin Nkamleu Ngassam
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Carbon Emissions Reduction

Burkina Faso like many other African countries hosts many renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) projects that are not registered to the clean development mechanism (CDM), but which could represent potential CDM opportunities. This study seeks to determine these projects’ impact on the level of CO2 emissions in the country, and to determine their CDM potential by quantifying their carbon emissions reduction, using approved CDM methodologies adapted to the projects. 21 RE projects and 7 EE projects were considered, and all proven to be additional. Results revealed that, 68709.424 MWh and 9430.446MWh were saved and displaced by the EE and RE projects respectively annually, accounting for 48157.668 tCO2e emissions reduced annually. This accounts for a 63.12% emissions reduction from the baseline scenario and represents a huge potential for the CDM, ready to be harnessed. The total amount of emissions reduced could generate about 48157.668 Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) yearly. Considering a carbon price of $10/tCO2e and a 10-year fixed crediting period starting from 2020 would imply a total revenue of $4815766.8 in 2030 from the CERs , which will increase the sector’s attractiveness to investors. Policies promoting the registration of these projects to the CDM are essential to boost the development of more of such projects in the country/ region, which will benefit from the sustainable development the CDM offers, while contributing to the achievement of its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions.

Mind the Gap Please!

2011 ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Sam Wong
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
The World ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Solar Lighting ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Renewable Energy Investment ◽  
Energy Sharing

This chapter scrutinises the World Bank’s nine guiding principles for investment strategies on renewable energy in developing countries. Drawing on two World Bank-funded solar lighting projects in Bangladesh and India as examples, it demonstrates a wide gap in investment strategies between the Bank and local people. It suggests that a rigid distinction of renewable and non-renewable options risks restricting poor people to adopt an energy-mix approach to cope with poverty. The economic assumptions of the strategic choice for renewable energy investment pay inadequate attention to the cultural norms that shape people’s preferences for energy sharing. A lack of participation of NGOs and local communities in shaping the Bank’s investment strategies also undermines the effectiveness of its renewable energy policies in the long term. This chapter suggests that the World Bank re-conceptualises the complex relationships between energy and poverty and seeks a better understanding of local people’s daily energy consumption practices.

Mind the Gap Please!

2013 ◽  
pp. 1232-1245
Author(s):  
Sam Wong
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
The World ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Solar Lighting ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Renewable Energy Investment ◽  
Energy Sharing

This chapter scrutinises the World Bank’s nine guiding principles for investment strategies on renewable energy in developing countries. Drawing on two World Bank-funded solar lighting projects in Bangladesh and India as examples, it demonstrates a wide gap in investment strategies between the Bank and local people. It suggests that a rigid distinction of renewable and non-renewable options risks restricting poor people to adopt an energy-mix approach to cope with poverty. The economic assumptions of the strategic choice for renewable energy investment pay inadequate attention to the cultural norms that shape people’s preferences for energy sharing. A lack of participation of NGOs and local communities in shaping the Bank’s investment strategies also undermines the effectiveness of its renewable energy policies in the long term. This chapter suggests that the World Bank re-conceptualises the complex relationships between energy and poverty and seeks a better understanding of local people’s daily energy consumption practices.

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