The International Seabed Authority: Structure, Composition and Competence

Draft commercial exploitation regulations have been on the agenda of the ISA since several 15-year exploration contracts expired a few years ago. Given the ineffective implementation in practice and the ignored chapter in several mining regulations on the transfer of mining technology, the future Enterprise and developing countries may take a more positive approach to the transfer of mining technology by striking a delicate balance between the provisions on the protection of intellectual property and those on capacity building under the framework of UNCLOS and the 1994 Agreement, through reciprocal and mutual beneficial means such as direct technology purchasing and investment cooperation. The International Seabed Authority, as the competent inter-governmental organization, has the duty to foster favorable conditions for such transfer.

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The state as a regulator of business ethics in Edo Japan: the Tokugawa authority structure and private interests

Asia Pacific Business Review ◽

10.1080/13602381.2015.1129774 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 397-410

Author(s):

Ingyu Oh ◽

Youngran Koh

Keyword(s):

Business Ethics ◽

The State ◽

Private Interests ◽

Authority Structure

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L'opinion publique et les conflits de classes

Res Publica ◽

10.21825/rp.v17i4.19531 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 563-588

Author(s):

Nicole Delruelle

Keyword(s):

Public Opinion ◽

Relative Deprivation ◽

Professional Role ◽

Class Conflict ◽

Opinion Poll ◽

The Public ◽

Authority Structure ◽

Professional Authority

This article tries to confront the answers to certain questions in the opinion poll with the analysis (as proposed by Dahrendorf) of class conflict in our types of societies.It is wrong to say that people have modified the image they have of society, or that they would not consider it in terms of division and conflict any langer : conflicts are rather well perceived by public-opinion ; their aggravation is felt by many.According to the results of the poll, public opinion holds it that positions in the professional authority structure tend to be no longer identical with positions in the authority structure in society as a whole. This distinction goes together with a diminution of the importance of the professional role. While quite well perceiving authority conflicts, the public seems to try to keep at some «distance» from these conflicts.According to their electorate's structure, political «families» express images of society either rather in terms of division and coercion (being associated with a larger dissatisfaction, with feelings of relative deprivation), or more in terms of integration (being associated with more satisfaction).

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Polymetallic Nodules: Resource Potential and Mining Prospects

Marine Technology Society Journal ◽

10.4031/mtsj.55.6.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 22-30

Author(s):

Rahul Sharma

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Green Energy ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Critical Metals ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Resource Potential ◽

Polymetallic Nodules ◽

International Seabed Authority

Abstract Deep-sea minerals such as polymetallic nodules have attracted significant interest among stakeholders not only for evaluating their potential as an alternative source of critical metals that are required for various industrial applications including green energy but also in developing technology for their exploitation. There has been a steady increase in the number of contractors having exploration rights over large tracts on the seafloor in the “Area,” and the International Seabed Authority that is mandated with the responsibility of regulating such activities is in the process of preparing a code for exploitation of these deep-sea minerals. This commentary takes a look at the resource potential and mining prospects of polymetallic nodules while addressing the economic and environmental issues associated with them.

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