Integration of PVT Panels for Hydrogen Production and Injection into a Biomass Fueled Sofc; Trade-Offs between Additional Costs and CO2 Emission Reduction by Tri-Objective Optimization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanen M. Hussen ◽  
Yan Cao ◽  
Hayder A. Dhahad ◽  
Hussein Togun ◽  
Naeim Farouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Additional Costs

scholarly journals Pulp and Paper Industry: Decarbonisation Technology Assessment to Reach CO2 Neutral Emissions—An Austrian Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Maedeh Rahnama Mobarakeh ◽  
Miguel Santos Silva ◽  
Thomas Kienberger
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction

The pulp and paper (P&P) sector is a dynamic manufacturing industry and plays an essential role in the Austrian economy. However, the sector, which consumes about 20 TWh of final energy, is responsible for 7% of Austria’s industrial CO2 emissions. This study, intending to assess the potential for improving energy efficiency and reducing emissions in the Austrian context in the P&P sector, uses a bottom-up approach model. The model is applied to analyze the energy consumption (heat and electricity) and CO2 emissions in the main processes, related to the P&P production from virgin or recycled fibers. Afterward, technological options to reduce energy consumption and fossil CO2 emissions for P&P production are investigated, and various low-carbon technologies are applied to the model. For each of the selected technologies, the potential of emission reduction and energy savings up to 2050 is estimated. Finally, a series of low-carbon technology-based scenarios are developed and evaluated. These scenarios’ content is based on the improvement potential associated with the various processes of different paper grades. The results reveal that the investigated technologies applied in the production process (chemical pulping and paper drying) have a minor impact on CO2 emission reduction (maximum 10% due to applying an impulse dryer). In contrast, steam supply electrification, by replacing fossil fuel boilers with direct heat supply (such as commercial electric boilers or heat pumps), enables reducing emissions by up to 75%. This means that the goal of 100% CO2 emission reduction by 2050 cannot be reached with one method alone. Consequently, a combination of technologies, particularly with the electrification of the steam supply, along with the use of carbon-free electricity generated by renewable energy, appears to be essential.

scholarly journals V2V and V2I Communications for Traffic Safety and CO2 Emission Reduction: A Performance Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Outay ◽  
Faouzi Kamoun ◽  
Florent Kaisser ◽  
Doaa Alterri ◽  
Ansar Yasar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
A Performance

Economic, Exergy, and Environmental Analyses of the Energy Assessments for US Industries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Alaa Hasan ◽  
Osama M. Selim ◽  
Mohamed Abousabae ◽  
Ryoichi S. Amano ◽  
Wilkistar Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Implementation Rate

Abstract This paper highlights the expected versus actual outcomes of 152 energy analyses that were performed between 2011 and 2020. The 1,317 energy assessment recommendations (ARs) are grouped into eight categories. This study adopted four measures per category: annual electricity savings, annual gas savings, annual cost savings, and annual CO2 emission reduction. The first part of the analysis compares the expected recommendations to each measure's actually implemented values for the eight categories. It was found that the percentages of the actual to the expected electricity, gas, and cost savings are 26.6%, 11.4%, and 17.1%, respectively. In contrast, the percentage of the actual to the expected CO2 reduction is 22%. Moreover, the second part of the analysis presents each category's implementation rate and the reasons for rejecting the unimplemented ARs. Cash flow and expensive initial investment resulted in rejecting 25% of ARs. Finally, the study proposes techniques and strategies to increase ARs' implementation rate and improve all private energy services industries' implementation rate. An exergy analysis is added to show the improvement that energy assessment achieves regarding exergy and exergy efficiencies of different industrial applications.

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