Costs of Trade Wars: The Distributional Consequences of US Section 301 Tariffs Against China

The authors considered historical and topical issues of the international division of labor (MRT). The analysis and parallel of MRI data by ancient scientists, researchers, scientists and experts of the XVIII, XIX, and XXI centuries. On the example of the European Union countries Greece, Spain and Portugal, the analysis of GDP, wages and unemployment as key indicators that characterize the economy of countries is carried out. The historical «cycle» of social structures is given and the dynamics of the ratio of the upper (B), middle (C) and lower (H) classes is shown. It shows the current problems of world markets, taking into account sanctions, trade wars and the consequences of the pandemic. Prospects for the national division of labor (NDT) are defined.

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Factors influencing the structure of the Russian companies' capital

Finance and Credit ◽

10.24891/fc.26.7.1647 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 1647-1660

Author(s):

O.N. Likhacheva ◽

A.S. Belikevich

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Capital Structure ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Oil Contracts ◽

Economic Landscape ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Trade Wars ◽

The Capital Structure

Subject. In the uncertain market environment, the optimal structure of capital is getting more important because it influences the competitiveness of a firm, its financial sustainability and solvency and, consequently, a success. Herein we dwell upon the hypothesis presuming the existence of capital structure determinants. Objectives. We review empirical studies on the subject, analyze determinants of the Russian companies’ capital structure. Methods. The study is based on the systems approach and methods of statistical analysis. Results. It is necessary to monitor how capital is shaped and formed. We investigated proceedings on factors influencing the capital structure and discovered relevant hypotheses, carrying out the correlation analysis of such factors. Conclusions and Relevance. It is especially important to examine factors influencing the capital structure, and find the appropriate format for the economy struggling through the crisis. The coronavirus pandemic unavoidably reshapes the global economic landscape, which has already been under the pressure of deglobalization processes (trade wars, repudiation of oil contracts). The correlation analysis did not reveal any relationship of the variables in question (the company’s age, ROE, ROA, MOEX, key rate, GDP, PPI) and the capital structure. Further research should be devoted to other factors and consider the unreasonableness and psychological background of managers’ behavior who make decisions concerning the capital structure.

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Evaluating the innovation of oil and gas enterprises under new circumstances: Evidence from Rosneft Oil Company

National Interests Priorities and Security ◽

10.24891/ni.16.8.1444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 1444-1458

Author(s):

N.M. Baranova ◽

D.S. Loginova ◽

S.N. Larin

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Annual Report ◽

Statistical Data ◽

Exponential Model ◽

Innovative Activity ◽

Corporate Development ◽

Power Resources ◽

Business Operations ◽

Trade Wars ◽

Oil Company

Subject. Illustrating the case of Rosneft Oil Company, we herein study how innovation spurs business operations, increases the competitiveness of firms and protects them from risks. Objectives. We model the innovative activity of Rosneft Oil Company and its competitiveness. Methods. We analyze proceedings by the Russian and foreign scholars, materials on program for the innovative and sustainable development of Rosneft Oil Company. Our assessments were based on statistical data of Rosneft’s annual report for 2004–2019. The regression analysis and econometric studies were conducted via Eviews10. Results. We set models to predict the innovative development of the company for the nearest future. We revealed that the linear model was the most appropriate and suitable for forecasting. Properties and estimates of the exponential model turned to be insignificant, on the contrary. Conclusions and Relevance. Currently, it is difficult to forecast the extent to which corporate development, its innovative activity will change in 2020 and in the nearest future. Despite the company’s achievements before 2020, continuous trade wars, geopolitical conflicts, pandemic, OPEC agreements and a consequential drastic drop in the demand for power resources considerably slowed down the pace of the economic growth not only in the company, but also in the country.

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