scholarly journals The Effects of E-Cigarette Taxes on E-Cigarette Prices and Tobacco Product Sales: Evidence from Retail Panel Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad D. Cotti ◽  
Charles Courtemanche ◽  
Catherine Maclean ◽  
Erik Nesson ◽  
Michael Pesko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
Cigarette Prices

scholarly journals The Effects of E-Cigarette Taxes on E-Cigarette Prices and Tobacco Product Sales: Evidence from Retail Panel Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Cotti ◽  
Charles Courtemanche ◽  
Johanna Catherine Maclean ◽  
Erik Nesson ◽  
Michael Pesko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
Cigarette Prices

Taxes, Cigarette Consumption, and Smoking Intensity: Comment

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1751-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Abrevaya ◽  
Laura Puzzello
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Compensatory Behavior ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Cigarette Prices

This paper re-examines Adda and Cornaglia's (2006) evidence on the compensatory behavior of smokers who, in face of higher taxes, are found to reduce their consumption of cigarettes while maintaining their cotinine––a biomarker for nicotine––levels constant. This comment examines the robustness of the empirical findings in Adda and Cornaglia (2006) using: appropriate clustered standard errors, a larger sample from the same years and survey as the data in Adda and Cornaglia (2006), cigarette-prices instead of and in addition to cigarette-taxes, and sampling weights. The empirical findings of Adda and Cornaglia (2006) are not robust. Further, little systematic evidence of compensatory behavior is found among subsamples of smokers

The African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council: Advocating for a menthol cigarette ban in San Francisco, California

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056215
Author(s):  
Sarah D Mills ◽  
Carol O McGruder ◽  
Valerie B Yerger
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Product Sales

The African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council (AATCLC) is an advocacy group that works to inform the direction of tobacco control policy and priorities in the USA. This article narrates the AATCLC’s work advocating for a comprehensive, flavoured tobacco product sales ban in San Francisco, California. Recommendations for tobacco control advocates and lessons learned from their work are provided. The article concludes by discussing conditions necessary to enact the policy. These include having a dedicated advocacy team, community support, a policy sponsor, and clear and repeated messaging that is responsive to community concerns.

An Analysis of Small Retailers' Relationships with Tobacco Companies in 4 US Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Heather D'Angelo ◽  
Guadalupe X. Ayala ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn ◽  
Melissa N. Laska ◽  
Lesley Schmidt Sindberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Tobacco Company ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
Marketing Materials ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Cigarette Prices

Objective: In this study, we examined small food store retailers' perspectives on tobacco company agreements specifying tobacco product display and promotion. Methods: We interviewed owners/managers of small food stores (N = 63) in lower-income neighborhoods in 4 US cities using open-and closed-ended questions between October 2013 and July 2014. We coded qualitative interview data and calculated descriptive statistics. Results: Most retailers had a formal contract with a tobacco company (87%). Retailers perceived that tobacco products generated low profits, but were important to attract customers. Nearly 95% with contracts reported receiving an incentive, including marketing materials (86.8%), displays (79%), and free/discounted products (50.9%). Contract requirements included placing branded displays and marketing materials in prime locations and setting cigarette prices. Retailers in urban, African-American neighborhoods felt pressure to maintain menthol cigarette contracts to stay in business. Conclusion: Contracts with tobacco companies were common among the small food stores in this study, and retailers felt they needed the contracts to keep prices competitive. Given the reliance of retailers on tobacco industry contracts, states and localities may need to adopt measures to counter their effects, especially the financial incentives that lead to lower cigarette prices and more prominent displays of promotions and marketing materials.

Cheaper tobacco product prices at US Air Force Bases compared with surrounding community areas, 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056984
Author(s):  
Amanda Y Kong ◽  
Shelley D Golden ◽  
Kurt M Ribisl ◽  
Rebecca A Krukowski ◽  
Sara M Vandegrift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Us Air Force ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Difference ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
State And Local Taxes

IntroductionIn March 2017, the US Department of Defense (DoD) implemented a policy requiring all military stores to set tobacco prices equal to ‘prevailing prices’ in the ‘local community’ adjusted for state and local taxes. We compared tobacco product prices in a sample of retailers located on five Air Force Bases (AFBs) in Texas and Mississippi with those sold in nearby off-base stores.MethodsWe constructed a list of on-base and off-base tobacco retailers. Off-base retailers included stores that were located within a 1.5-mile road network service area from main AFB gates. Between July and September 2019, a trained auditor visited 23 on-base and 50 off-base retailers to confirm tobacco product sales, and documented the price of cigarettes and Copenhagen smokeless tobacco. For each area, the median price for each product, as well as the difference in median prices by on-base versus off-base status, was calculated.ResultsThe median price of cigarettes and smokeless products was cheaper at on-base retailers. All products were cheaper at on-base stores in Fort Sam Houston and Lackland AFB. Similarly, all products were cheaper in on-base stores at Keesler AFB, with the exception of Marlboro Red packs ($0.22 more), and at Sheppard AFB with the exception of cheapest cigarette cartons ($6.26 more).ConclusionDespite the implementation of the new DoD policy, tobacco products are cheaper in on-base retailers compared with off-base retailers. Refining of the definitions used and improved compliance with the new DoD policy are needed.

Changes in retail sales of tobacco products in Ontario after a menthol sales restriction

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056489
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M Brown ◽  
Doris G Gammon ◽  
Todd Rogers ◽  
Ellen M Coats ◽  
Lindsay T Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Tobacco Policy ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Retail Sales ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
Menthol Cigarettes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Product Sales

BackgroundOntario, Canada prohibited menthol tobacco product sales beginning 1 January 2017. We measured retail sales of menthol cigarettes and possible substitute products before and after policy implementation in Ontario.MethodsWe licensed retail scanner data for tobacco product sales in Ontario and British Columbia (BC), a comparison province without a menthol tobacco policy at that time. We assessed changes in per capita unit sales (per 1000 people) from pre-policy (January–June 2016) to post-policy (January–June 2017) periods. Classification of cigarettes as menthol or non-menthol, or having menthol-suggestive descriptors (‘green’, ‘blue’, ‘silver’ and ‘fresh’), was based on scanner data.ResultsOntario menthol cigarette sales decreased 93%, from 596 to 40 packs per capita compared with a 2% decrease (696 to 679 packs per capita) in BC. Menthol capsule cigarette sales remained low in Ontario (<1% of total cigarette sales) but rose sixfold in BC. Although cigar sales data were unavailable, substitution appeared minimal; sales of non-menthol cigarettes increased 0.4% in Ontario (11 470 to 11 519 packs per capita) while vaping product sales decreased. Ontario had a larger increase in sales of cigarettes with menthol-suggestive descriptors (11% increase) than BC (3% increase). In Ontario, nearly all (>99%) pre-policy sales of cigarettes with ‘green’ menthol-suggestive descriptors were menthol cigarettes, but post-policy, 94% of ‘green’ cigarettes sold were non-menthol.ConclusionsOntario’s menthol policy was associated with a decrease in retail sales of cigarettes classified as menthol, with little evidence of product substitution. Understanding changes in sales of cigarettes with menthol-suggestive descriptors would be informative.

Interstate Cigarette Smuggling

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Manchester
Keyword(s):  
Demand Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Sales Data ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Price Elasticities ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Cigarette Smuggling ◽  
Cigarette Prices

In recent years sizable differences between state cigarette taxes have led to the rise of interstate smuggling. This study presents an interstate demand analysis, using quarterly state sales data, to examine this and other aspects of the cigarette market. For the cases examined, nonresident purchases for 1970–1971 are estimated to have accounted for approximately 15% of the sales in the low tax states. In addition to price elasticities, income elasticities, “health scare,” and seasonal effects are estimated. The determinants of retail state cigarette prices are also explored in the Appendix.

scholarly journals Using market data to understand corporate behaviour

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Hiscock
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Tobacco Industry ◽  
National Level ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Market Data ◽  
Tobacco Taxes ◽  
Level Statistics ◽  
Product Sales

Abstract Background Tobacco companies sell tobacco in order to invest in the business and make profits for shareholders. One element in creating profitability is via data driven marketing. Such data are also useful for public health because an understanding of pricing and sales patterns can help with the development of effective tobacco control methods by understanding how the tobacco industry is making profits. Methods Study 1) Public and commercial databases which provide free or paywalled access to market data were identified. Internet searches were conducted to understand more about their ownership, mission of the owners, funding and accessibility Study 2) University of Bath studies using such datasets to understand the tobacco industry were reviewed to synergise the ways in which corporate behaviour has undermined tobacco control policy. Results The United Nations provides freely accessible national level statistics on imports and exports of raw tobacco and manufactured tobacco products. Limited survey data may be available on the last product smoked. Proprietary databases are expensive, may have usage restrictions and links to the tobacco industry but can provide a detailed picture of tobacco product sales and prices. Research on such databases has illustrated how the tobacco industry kept cheap tobacco available despite tobacco taxes, used tax rises to increase their own revenue and used a standardised packaging sell through period to keep branded packs on the market for longer. Conclusions Governments should require the tobacco industry to provide market data in an easily publishable form Key messages The most detailed data on the tobacco market is proprietary. Proprietary databases are expensive, may have usage restrictions and links to the tobacco industry. Understanding of pricing and sales patterns can help with evaluating the effectiveness of tobacco control policy.

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