Prevention Is Better Than Cure: Experimental Evidence From Milk Fever Incidence in Dairy Animals of Haryana, India

Regularization plays an important role in generalization of deep learning. In this paper, we study the generalization power of an unbiased regularizor for training algorithms in deep learning. We focus on training methods called Locally Regularized Stochastic Gradient Descent (LRSGD). An LRSGD leverages a proximal type penalty in gradient descent steps to regularize SGD in training. We show that by carefully choosing relevant parameters, LRSGD generalizes better than SGD. Our thorough theoretical analysis is supported by experimental evidence. It advances our theoretical understanding of deep learning and provides new perspectives on designing training algorithms. The code is available at https://github.com/huiqu18/LRSGD.

Download Full-text

Productive and reproductive performance of cattle and buffaloes reared under farmers’ management in differential dairy progressive states in India

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-3393 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rajiv Baliram Kale ◽

K. Ponnusamy ◽

A. K. Chakravarty ◽

Asif Mohammad ◽

R. Sendhil

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Performance ◽

Total Sample ◽

Veterinary Services ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Indigenous Cattle ◽

Managerial Skills ◽

Murrah Buffalo ◽

Dairy Animals ◽

Breed Improvement ◽

Better Than

The productive and reproductive performances of dairy animals have direct effect to milk production and profitability of dairy enterprise. The present study was carried out to analyse the productive and reproductive performance of cattle and buffaloes reared under farmers’ management in three states of differential dairy progress in India. Haryana, Maharashtra and Odisha states were purposively selected from highly, moderately and least dairy progressive states, respectively. The total sample size was 900 containing 300 dairy farmers from each state. The finding shows that the productive and reproductive performances of buffalos in Haryana are better than Maharashtra and Odisha. The productive and reproductive performances of Crossbred were found better in Haryana as well as Maharashtra than Odisha. In Haryana, very few farmers reared Indigenous cattle but the performances were better than Maharashtra and Odisha. The better performance of Haryana may be due to being home track of elite Murrah buffalo, Tharparker and Sahiwal breeds of Indigenous cattle, agro-climatic situations, veterinary services and managerial skills of dairy farmers. To improve the productive and reproductive performance of dairy animals in the moderately progressive (Maharashtra) and least progressive (Odisha) states efforts should be focused on breed improvement, better veterinary infrastructure and enhance the managerial skills of the farmers

Download Full-text

Graph biased feature selection of genes is better than random for many genes

10.1101/2020.01.17.910703 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jake Crawford ◽

Casey S. Greene

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Feature Selection ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Recent Work ◽

Random Model ◽

Interaction Networks ◽

Random Networks ◽

Low Degree ◽

Selection Of ◽

Better Than

AbstractRecent work suggests that gene expression dependencies can be predicted almost as well by using random networks as by using experimentally derived interaction networks. We hypothesize that this effect is highly variable across genes, as useful and robust experimental evidence exists for some genes but not others. To explore this variation, we take the k-core decomposition of the STRING network, and compare it to a degree-matched random model. We show that when low-degree nodes are removed, expression dependencies in the remaining genes can be predicted better by the resulting network than by the random model.

Download Full-text

The Impact of Psychological Traits on Performance Under Pressure—Experimental Evidence of Handball Penalties

Journal of Sports Economics ◽

10.1177/15270025211027120 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152700252110271

Author(s):

Christoph Bühren ◽

Lisa Träger

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Psychological Traits ◽

Sequential Games ◽

First Mover Advantage ◽

The Impact ◽

First Mover ◽

Better Than ◽

Performance Under Pressure

Our field experiment analyzes the influence of psychological traits on performance in sequential games. It uses handball penalties thrown under individual, team, or tournament incentives in the ABBA sequence. Considering the single moves of these games, player A and player B are taking turns in being the first-mover. We find no significant first-mover advantage. However, we observe that player A performs better than player B under tournament incentives and if he or she is confident enough.

Download Full-text

Left is Better Than Right for Reducing Nondeterminism of NFAs

International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science ◽

10.1142/s0129054121410069 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Sang-Ki Ko ◽

Yo-Sub Han

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Equivalence Class ◽

Polynomial Time ◽

Minimization Problem ◽

The Right ◽

Present Experimental Evidence ◽

Better Than

We study the NFA reductions by invariant equivalences and preorders. It is well-known that the NFA minimization problem is PSPACE-complete. Therefore, there have been many approaches to reduce the size of NFAs in low polynomial time by computing invariant equivalence or preorder relation and merging the states within same equivalence class. Here we consider the nondeterminism reduction of NFAs by invariant equivalences and preorders. We, in particular, show that computing equivalence and preorder relation from the left is more useful than the right for reducing the degree of nondeterminism in NFAs. We also present experimental evidence for showing that NFA reduction from the left achieves the better reduction of nondeterminism than reduction from the right.

Download Full-text

Altruists with Green Beards

Analyse & Kritik ◽

10.1515/auk-2005-0103 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ernst Fehr ◽

Urs Fischbacher

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Evolution Of Cooperation ◽

Conditional Cooperation ◽

Face To Face ◽

Prisoners Dilemma ◽

Phenotypic Features ◽

Better Than

AbstractIf cooperative dispositions are associated with unique phenotypic features (’green beards’), cooperative individuals can be identified. Therefore, cooperative individuals can avoid exploitation by defectors by cooperating exclusively with other cooperative individuals; consequently, cooperators flourish and defectors die out. Experimental evidence suggests that subjects, who are given the opportunity to make promises in face-to-face interactions, are indeed able to predict the partner’s behavior better than chance in a subsequent Prisoners’ Dilemma. This evidence has been interpreted as evidence in favor of green beard approaches to the evolution of human cooperation. Here we argue, however, that the evidence does not support this interpretation. We show, in particular, that the existence of conditional cooperation renders subjects' choices in the Prisoners’ Dilemma predictable. However, although subjects predict behavior better than chance, selfish individuals earn higher incomes than conditional cooperators. Thus, although subjects may predict other players’ choices better than chance evolution favors the selfish subjects, i.e., the experimental evidence does not support the green beard approach towards the evolution of cooperation.

Download Full-text

Development of New HS–SPME–GC–MS Technique to the Measurement of Volatile Terpenoid Profile of Milk

Food Analytical Methods ◽

10.1007/s12161-021-02070-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rita Székelyhidi ◽

Erika Hanczné Lakatos ◽

Beatrix Sik ◽

Zsolt Ajtony

Keyword(s):

Milk Fat ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Methyl Chavicol ◽

Dairy Animals ◽

Feeding Methods ◽

Volatile Terpenoids ◽

Better Than

AbstractThis study presented the development of such a HS–SPME–GC–MS technique, with the use of which, directly from the raw milk sample matrix, both qualitatively and quantitatively; the volatile terpenoids (α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, p-cymene, limonene, linalool, α-thujene, camphor, menthol, methyl chavicol, caryophyllene E, α-humulene) can be determined, derived from herbs eaten by the dairy animals by different feeding methods. Repeatability was less than 10% in the case of milk fat samples. The estimated limits of quantitation were between 2 and 16 ng/g. The lowest values were 2 ng/g for p-cymene and methyl chavicol; the highest value was 16 ng/g for caryophyllene. In the case of goat milk, the repeatability was better than 8% except for α-thujene. The estimated limits of quantitation were between 1 and 8 ng/g. The lowest values were 1 ng/g for β-pinene, p-cymene and limonene, and the highest value was 8 ng/g for linalool. In milk fat, the highest concentration was identified in caryophyllene E (470 ng/g) and α-humulene (430 ng/g), while the lowest concentration was in p-cymene (2 ng/g) and camphor (2 ng/g). In goat milk, limonene was present in all samples, but its amount varied depending on the type of consumed herb. Methyl chavicol and caryophyllene E were detected in goat’s milk only in one case. The former was detected in sage milk at 2.09 ng/g and the latter in tarragon milk at 2.28 ng/g. We have also successfully demonstrated that the feed consumed by dairy animals also affects the quality of dairy products.

Download Full-text

Experimental evidence that primate trichromacy is well suited for detecting primate social colour signals

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2016.2458 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 284 (1856) ◽

pp. 20162458 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Chihiro Hiramatsu ◽

Amanda D. Melin ◽

William L. Allen ◽

Constance Dubuc ◽

James P. Higham

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Spectral Reflectance ◽

Colour Vision ◽

Macaque Monkeys ◽

Visual Systems ◽

Cone Pigments ◽

Information Detection ◽

Empirical Tests ◽

Colour Signals ◽

Better Than

Primate trichromatic colour vision has been hypothesized to be well tuned for detecting variation in facial coloration, which could be due to selection on either signal wavelengths or the sensitivities of the photoreceptors themselves. We provide one of the first empirical tests of this idea by asking whether, when compared with other visual systems, the information obtained through primate trichromatic vision confers an improved ability to detect the changes in facial colour that female macaque monkeys exhibit when they are proceptive. We presented pairs of digital images of faces of the same monkey to human observers and asked them to select the proceptive face. We tested images that simulated what would be seen by common catarrhine trichromatic vision, two additional trichromatic conditions and three dichromatic conditions. Performance under conditions of common catarrhine trichromacy, and trichromacy with narrowly separated LM cone pigments (common in female platyrrhines), was better than for evenly spaced trichromacy or for any of the dichromatic conditions. These results suggest that primate trichromatic colour vision confers excellent ability to detect meaningful variation in primate face colour. This is consistent with the hypothesis that social information detection has acted on either primate signal spectral reflectance or photoreceptor spectral tuning, or both.

Download Full-text