A Cross-Sectional Study of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia and Cognitive Function in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Lillian Belessiotis-Richards ◽  
Gill Livingston ◽  
Louise Marston ◽  
Naaheed Mukadam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to identify the determinants of non-communicable diseases among fishermen in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhila Doddamani ◽  
A. B. Kirthinath Ballala ◽  
Sharath P. Madhyastha ◽  
Asha Kamath ◽  
Muralidhar M. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dietary Practice ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background India is currently facing a rising epidemic of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Identification of modifiable risk factors is of paramount importance to curb this menace. Fishermen are one of the most vulnerable occupational groups with unique characteristics that make them prone to acquire NCDs, as a significant share of their life is spent at sea. Hence, this study was planned to ascertain the burden of NCDs, determine various risk factors of NCDs, and measure the association between risk factors and NCDs among fishermen of Coastal Karnataka in South India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 681 fishermen aged 18 years and above as per the semi-structured interview schedule for two years (2017–2019). A convenience sampling strategy was adopted. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v.15.0. The results were described in terms of proportions and their 95% confidence intervals. Continuous data were summarized using the mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range depending on the skewness of data. Chi-square test was used to study the association between NCDs and modifiable risk factors. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of NCDs. Results The mean (SD) age of the population was 42.5 (SD 12.5) years. The mean years involved in fishing was 19.8 years (SD 10.9). More than half (59.5%) of the study participants had severe stress and most (80.3%) were ever substance users. Advancing age, not being able to contact family while at sea, poor dietary practice, ever substance use, increasing waist circumference were significant correlates of NCDs. Conclusions The commonly prevalent risk factors of NCDs among fishermen included poor dietary practice, higher stress levels, substance use, increasing waist circumference, and inability to contact with family while at sea. Hypertension and Diabetes were the two common NCDs in the study population. There is a need for immediate attention in managing NCDs’ risk factors by promoting a healthy lifestyle by primary health care providers through a sustainable community awareness program targeting fishermen at a convenient time and location, either at the sea-port or meeting places. Harmful effects of substance use, healthy dietary practices, and the importance of physical activity outside their job need emphasis. In addition, screening programs should be organized with the help of boat owners and fishing associations at-least once a year to pick up NCDs at an early stage.

scholarly journals Modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases among medical and non-medical University students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suddeys Abdulbasat ◽  
Method Kazaura
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Medical University

Abstract Background: Currently, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are among the global health problems accounting for more than 70% of deaths. Yet, healthcare, workers, university and college students who are key educators to the public are at high risk of NCDs. The objective of this study was to assess modifiable risk factors for NCDs among medical and non-medical university students in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods: A cross-sectional study included respondents from six universities; split equally between medical and non-medical programmes. From universities with medical programmes, we randomly selected students in clinical track. We administered a modified WHO STEP-1 questionnaire to collect data on modifiable risk factors of NCDs.Results: A total of 574 students participated in the study. Of these, 315 (54.9%) undergraduates were in medical programmes. Few, 7 (3.1%), of the non-medical undergraduates and 14 (4.7%) of the non-medical undergraduates had none of the NCDs risk factors. The proportion of harmful alcohol consumption among medical and non-medical university students was 15 (4.8%) and 6 (2.3%) respectively. Students reporting sedentary lifestyle was significantly (p < 0.01) higher among non-medical undergraduates, 97 (37.5%), as compared to 82 (31.2%) students in non-medical universities. Undergraduates in non-medical programmes have 10% significantly increased prevalence ratio of high modifiable risk as compared to medical university students, (aPR=1.1, 95%CI: 1.0–1.2) independent of age and sex.Conclusion: Tobacco and armful alcohol consumption among students in medical and non-medical universities is low. Reported physical inactivity and unhealthy diet are high. We suggest broader communication strategies targeting university students in medical and non-medical programmes on dangers of NCDs and awareness of their modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases in urban slum: a cross sectional study using WHO STEPS approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Swati Jain ◽  
Vikas Jain ◽  
Swapnil Jain ◽  
Shweta Jain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Who Steps

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a cluster of major chronic diseases. Smoking habit, alcoholism, low quality diet intakes, physical inactivity are some of the established risk factors of the NCDs. In developing country like India the problem of lifestyle and its consequent diseases needs to be addressed vigorously by all public health care personnel. Objective of the study was to assess prevalence of modifiable risk factors using the WHO STEPS approach in urban slum.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in the field practice area of urban health training centre of the department of community medicine of PCMS and RC, Bhopal using questionnaire.Results: Highest prevalence of modifiable risk factor was inadequate diet (85.2%), followed by smokeless tobacco consumption (59.1%) and low physical activity (46.1%). Tobacco smoking (31.9%) and alcohol (22.6%) were next, followed by high blood pressure (20.1%). Prevalence of least risk factors was overweight (13.9%).Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for NCDs is quite high. Its prevalence even in the younger age groups is a pointer to the fact that the burden of NCDs is going to rise in near future.

Cardio-metabolic risk factors among healthcare staff: a cross-sectional study at the hospitals in six cities of Ukraine dedicated to World Heart Day 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Sulska ◽  
L Mishchenko ◽  
A Sorokolietova ◽  
M Hordina ◽  
S Zhulinska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. There is a little information on the prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors in the Ukrainian medical staff. The aim of investigation was to determine the abundance of certain risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) diseases among the medical personnel in the six cities of Ukraine, a study dedicated to World Heart Day 2020. Purpose. To establish the presence of cardio-metabolic risk factors among medical workers in Ukraine. Materials and methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study including 471 participants (415 female and 56 male) between the age of 19 and 79 years surveyed. The cardio-metabolic risk markers assessed were non-modifiable risk factors (family history) and modifiable risk factors (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, prediabetes, smoking status). The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) estimated by ESC 2018 recommendations, diabetes and prediabetes by ADA 2019, ESC 2019 and body mass index WHO criteria for obesity classifications. Using standard methods were assessed: fasting glucose concentration, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, HDL-C). Results The median age of participants was 53,3 ± 11,77 years. Positive smoking status reported by 66 persons (14,0%). Analysis of family history showed that 51,4% of the participants had of HTN, 14,9% of myocardial infarction and 25,1% of stroke. The prevalence of modifiable risk factors: HTN registered in 51,4% cases. Around 34,8% of participants were overweight, and 34,6% were obese, 70,7% had waist circumference more than 94 cm (men) and &gt; 80 cm (woman). Prediabetes glycemic levels and diabetes incidence were 42,8% and 12,6%, accordingly. Atherogenic dyslipidemia estimated by increased level of LDL-C more than 4,9 mmol/l, which determinate high risk of CV disorders, estimated in 13,6% participants. Also high triglycerides levels were defined as those of at least 2,3 mmol/l were in 14,9%. Low level of aerobic activity (less than 150 min in week) had 33,4% participants. 30,7% of participants older than 40 years presented high CV risk and 23,9% were in very high risk. Conclusion. Cardio-metabolic risk factors prevail among medical workers in Ukraine. The results point to the relevance of public health recommendations to contribute lifestyle changes and early identification of risk factors for prevention of CV outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of risk factors for breast neoplasm in the city of Maringá, Paraná state, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Carvalho de Matos ◽  
Sandra Marisa Pelloso ◽  
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The City

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of the risk factors for breast cancer among women between 40 and 69 years old in the city of Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil. An analytical, exploratory and cross-sectional study was carried out through a population research at homes in Maringá. The sample was composed of 439 women between 40 and 69 years old. The data were collected by home interviews, stored using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and presented in tables as absolute and relative frequency. The predominant ethnical group was Caucasian with an average age of 52 years. Among risk factors identified in the present study, an expressive number of overweight women were found. It is important and necessary to put in practice actions that identify the modifiable risk factors for the development of breast tumors in order to reduce morbidity and mortality levels due to this pathology.

scholarly journals Prevalence and coprevalence of modifiable risk factors for upper digestive tract cancer among residents aged 40–69 years in Yangzhong city, China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042006
Author(s):  
Xiang Feng ◽  
Zhao-Lai Hua ◽  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Ai-Wu Shi ◽  
Tong-Qiu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Excessive Alcohol

ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for upper digestive tract cancer (UDTC) and its coprevalence, and investigate relevant influencing factors of modifiable UDTC risk factors coprevalence among residents aged 40–69 years in Yangzhong city, China.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 21 175 participants aged 40–69 years were enrolled in the study. 1962 subjects were excluded due to missing age, marital status or some other selected information. Eventually, 19 213 participants were available for the present analysis.Main outcomes measuresPrevalence and coprevalence of eight modifiable UDTC risk factors (overweight or obesity, current smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient vegetables intake, insufficient fruit intake and the consumption of pickled, fried and hot food) were analysed.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight/obesity, current smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient vegetables intake, insufficient fruit intake and the consumption of pickled, fried and hot food in this study was 45.3%, 24.1%, 16.2%, 66.1%, 94.5%, 68.1%, 36.0% and 88.4%, respectively. Nearly all (99.9%) participants showed one or more UDTC risk factors, 98.6% of the participants showed at least two risk factors, 92.2% of the participants had at least three risk factors and 69.7% of the participants had four or more risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that men, younger age, single, higher education, higher annual family income and smaller household size were more likely to present modifiable UDTC risk factors coprevalence.ConclusionsThe prevalence and coprevalence of modifiable UDTC risk factors are high among participants in Yangzhong city. Extra attention must be paid to these groups who are susceptible to risk factors coprevalence during screening progress. Relative departments also need to make significant public health programmes that aim to decrease modifiable UDTC risk factors coprevalence among residents aged 40–69 years from high-risk areas of UDTC.

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