The Political Effect of Oil Revenues in Azerbaijan: Repression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gubad Ibadoghlu
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Political Effect ◽  
Oil Revenues

Oil to cash in Somaliland: a debate whose time has come

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-643
Author(s):  
Scott Pegg
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Political Resource ◽  
Democratic Election ◽  
Oil Revenues ◽  
Direct Distribution

AbstractSomaliland might start producing oil in 2019. Yet, it has done little to prepare for the arrival of oil revenues which could exceed its current annual budget. Although Somaliland has been largely peaceful for two decades and recently inaugurated its fifth president after holding a democratic election, it remains entirely unrecognised. Oil revenues could positively transform Somaliland's fragile political economy, but they also place it at significant risk for a political resource curse that could threaten its democracy, peace and political institutions. Oil to cash or the direct distribution of oil revenues to citizens has been posited as a solution to the political resource curse. Somaliland has many of the elements necessary to make oil to cash work in place. Several factors combine to make Somaliland both potentially receptive to oil to cash and uniquely positioned to benefit from it. Interviews with political elites demonstrate receptiveness to the idea. Sample revenue calculations from other African oil producers highlight just how such a system could work to benefit Somaliland.

scholarly journals The Political Impact of Immigration: Evidence from the United States

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-389
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Mayda ◽  
Giovanni Peri ◽  
Walter Steingress
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Political Effect ◽  
The Impact

This paper studies the impact of immigration to the United States on the vote share for the Republican Party using county-level data from 1990 to 2016. Our main contribution is to show that an increase in high-skilled immigrants decreases the share of Republican votes, while an inflow of low-skilled immigrants increases it. These effects are mainly due to the indirect impact on existing citizens’ votes, and this is independent of the origin country and race of immigrants. We find that the political effect of immigration is heterogeneous across counties and depends on their skill level, public spending, and noneconomic characteristics. (JEL D72, J15, J24, J61, R23)

scholarly journals Performing, Translating, Fashioning: Spectatorship in the Surveillant World

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hogue
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Political Effect ◽  
Alternative Meaning ◽  
Apparent Resistance ◽  
A Performance ◽  
Artistic Performance

Despite the disciplinary power of surveillance, I argue artistic performances may also provide a space of resistance and self-fashioning. Discussions on artistic performance emphasize the ambivalence and uncertainty of art to resist existing power structures and create alternative meaning. However, how concretely, and when, do artistic performances challenge these structures often remains uncertain. Their popularity does not guarantee the depth of their engagement with surveillance practices, and apparent resistance may hide unconscious cooptation and blatant reproduction of existing inequalities and power structures. To understand the political effect of artistic performances, I argue one needs to look at how they participate to the redefinition of individual and collective selves. This must include attention to spectatorship as a different category from state and corporate surveillance. Spectators engage with performers, reinforce or deny their claim to self-fashioning. By looking at spectators one can better understand how a performance can be (or fail to be) self-fashioning not only for the performer but also collectively for the spectators.

The Impact of Financial Development on Energy Consumption in China: Based on SYS-GMM Estimation

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2977-2981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Dynamic Effect ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
The Political ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gmm Estimation ◽  
Political Effect ◽  
The Impact

In this study we use system GMM estimation techniques to examine the dynamic effect of financial development on energy consumption with a panel data set on 29 provinces during the period 1999-2009 in China. The empirical results show a positive and statistically significant relationship between financial development and energy consumption when financial development is measured by the ratio of loans in financial institution to GDP and by the ratio of FDI to GDP. These results have critical implications for energy policy where the impact of financial development on energy consumption, especially, the short effect from the development of bank loan scale and the long effect from the development of FDI, is important to improve the political effect.

The humor of Skopje 2014: Between effects and evaluations

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Takovski
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Audience Research ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Effect ◽  
The Face ◽  
On Line ◽  
Urban Project ◽  
The Look

AbstractIn 2010, the Macedonian government commissioned a controversial urban project titled Skopje 2014, designed to aesthetically revamp the look of the capital’s center. The announcement gave rise to conflicting views, both supportive and critical of the idea. Part of the criticism leveled at the project was expressed through on-line humor which produced no major sociopolitical effect, public debate or counter-humor production. Yet its production and reception may be taken as emblematic of the societal tensions underlying the contradiction between its effects and its evaluations.By outlining the political context of the humor’s emergence, analyzing the examples produced, and voicing humor creators’ and citizens’ understanding of its political role, the study reflects upon humor’s specifics and limitations in order to argue that the humor produced and its understanding reflect the political impulses, tensions, and ambiguities of a hybrid society such as Macedonia. Using input from the discussions on the role of humor across political systems, and especially relying on studies of political on-line humor in democracies and audience research, the study intends to determine the political effect of the humor produced so as to argue that faced with many challenges, the humor failed to become a democratic means of political engagement, remaining largely a tool for the expression of personal dissatisfaction. Nonetheless, there is an existing paradox in the face of citizens’ beliefs in the potential of this humor. This study tries to explain this paradox.

scholarly journals Scientific expeditions in Tokugawa Japan: Historical background and results of official ventures to foreign lands

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
Dalia Švambarytė
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Tokugawa Period ◽  
Political Effect

Vilnius UniversityThis article discusses the problem of the research expeditions to foreign lands during the period of national seclusion in Japan. Each historical period has its specific geographical perspective. The geographical thinking in Tokugawa Japan was influenced by a policy of self-isolation. In the Tokugawa period, Japan was more interested in protecting the boundaries than expanding its geographical horizons. There were, nevertheless, several expeditionary ventures launched by the government.This article presents the background of research expeditions dispatched by the shogunate and then moves to a discussion of the mechanism of these official expeditions and motivation behind them, as well as the nature of the political statements implied by the explorations and their results. The Japanese expeditions to the Pacific islands and northern region were mostly limited to scientific observation, mapping, and geographical survey, and the reasons for expeditionary ventures were security concerns rather than territorial expansion or the pursuit of economic interests. Although the links between the geographical exploration of the Tokugawa period and colonialism were weak, the expeditions had a considerable degree of political effect on the state policy of modern Japan.

scholarly journals The Political Transformation of Lybia under Qadhafi

Afrika Focus ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Haghebaert
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Political Survival ◽  
The People ◽  
Subjective Factor ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Oil Revenues ◽  
Libyan Population

In the Third World, the function of political leadership is more pivotal than in western countries. The subjective factor of Qadhafi has vital bearing on developments in Libya. There was no historical neccessity for Libya to have developed along the revolutionary path that it has. The formation of the Arab Socialist Union, the Popular Revolution, the creation of the Jamahiriya, the inauguration of the Revolutionary Committee movement and the programme of militarisation - all these issues are a result of Qadhafi's wish to "revolutionarize" Libyan society. His ultimate aim was to eliminate all intermediaries between the people and the political power. In practice, real power remained in the hands of Qadhafi and the Revolutionary Committees . A drastic fall in oil revenues and the arrogance and arbitrariness of Qadhafi1s revolutionary zealots led to growing discontent among the Libyan population. The American raid on Tripoli and Benghazi in April 1986 was meant to precipitate Qadhafi's downfall. But his regime was not overthrown and the Libyan leader proved to be a master of political survival. A (temporary) political and economic liberalisation has boosted his popularity. On the eve of the twentieth anniversary of the Libyan revolution, his position still seems to be secure.KEYWORDS : Qadhafi, Libya, Islamic state 

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