Transfer Decisions in Services: A Multimethod Approach

This chapter opens by providing empirical evidence that income inequality persists or increases in many new democracies after their transition. Then it gives a brief overview of studies that expect reduced inequality because of democratization and questions their three assumptions regarding median voters, party system stability, and the authoritarian legacy on citizen–party linkage. It offers a revision to the median voter theory, emphasizes high electoral volatility in new democracies, and reexamines the legacy of previous nondemocratic regimes on citizen–party linkage. Having offered its argument in a nutshell, it turns to research methodology and case selection. It offers the rationale behind employing a multimethod approach to test its arguments. It tests its argument through large-N analysis in new and longstanding democracies in Europe as well as two paired case studies: Poland and the Czech Republic in postcommunist Europe and Turkey and Spain in Southern Europe.

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A multimethod approach to community evaluation of police performance

Journal of Criminal Justice ◽

10.1016/0047-2352(81)90072-6 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 227-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Helena M. Carlson ◽

Markley S. Sutton

Keyword(s):

Police Performance ◽

Community Evaluation ◽

Multimethod Approach

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Defining and Measuring News Media Quality: Comparing the Content Perspective and the Audience Perspective

The International Journal of Press/Politics ◽

10.1177/1940161221999666 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194016122199966

Author(s):

Philipp Bachmann ◽

Mark Eisenegger ◽

Diana Ingenhoff

Keyword(s):

News Media ◽

Social Scientists ◽

Content Quality ◽

Media System ◽

Evaluative Criteria ◽

Political Implications ◽

Multimethod Approach ◽

Media Systems ◽

Measurement Approach

High-quality news is important, not only for its own sake but also for its political implications. However, defining, operationalizing, and measuring news media quality is difficult, because evaluative criteria depend upon beliefs about the ideal society, which are inherently contested. This conceptual and methodological paper outlines important considerations for defining news media quality before developing and applying a multimethod approach to measure it. We refer to Giddens' notion of double hermeneutics, which reveals that the ways social scientists understand constructs inevitably interact with the meanings of these constructs shared by people in society. Reflecting the two-way relationship between society and social sciences enables us to recognize news media quality as a dynamic, contingent, and contested construct and, at the same time, to reason our understanding of news media quality, which we derive from Habermas' ideal of deliberative democracy. Moreover, we investigate the Swiss media system to showcase our measurement approach in a repeated data collection from 2017 to 2020. We assess the content quality of fifty news media outlets using four criteria derived from the deliberative ideal ( N = 20,931 and 18,559 news articles and broadcasting items, respectively) and compare the results with those from two representative online surveys ( N = 2,169 and 2,159 respondents). The high correlations between both methods show that a deliberative understanding of news media quality is anchored in Swiss society and shared by audiences. This paper shall serve as a showcase to reflect and measure news media quality across other countries and media systems.

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Neurobehavioral correlates of impaired emotion recognition in pediatric PTSD

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579420001704 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Sara A. Heyn ◽

Collin Schmit ◽

Taylor J. Keding ◽

Richard Wolf ◽

Ryan J. Herringa

Keyword(s):

Emotion Recognition ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Recognition Task ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Biological Mechanisms ◽

Impaired Ability ◽

Multimethod Approach ◽

Threat Recognition ◽

Neurological Substrates

Abstract Despite broad evidence suggesting that adversity-exposed youth experience an impaired ability to recognize emotion in others, the underlying biological mechanisms remains elusive. This study uses a multimethod approach to target the neurological substrates of this phenomenon in a well-phenotyped sample of youth meeting diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Twenty-one PTSD-afflicted youth and 23 typically developing (TD) controls completed clinical interview schedules, an emotion recognition task with eye-tracking, and an implicit emotion processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging )fMRI). PTSD was associated with decreased accuracy in identification of angry, disgust, and neutral faces as compared to TD youth. Of note, these impairments occurred despite the normal deployment of visual attention in youth with PTSD relative to TD youth. Correlation with a related fMRI task revealed a group by accuracy interaction for amygdala–hippocampus functional connectivity (FC) for angry expressions, where TD youth showed a positive relationship between anger accuracy and amygdala–hippocampus FC; this relationship was reversed in youth with PTSD. These findings are a novel characterization of impaired threat recognition within a well-phenotyped population of severe pediatric PTSD. Further, the differential amygdala–hippocampus FC identified in youth with PTSD may imply aberrant efficiency of emotional contextualization circuits.

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