Information Processing Skills of Short Sellers: Empirical Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Information modeling methods are key to the success of IS development projects. The problem in the software engineering field is not the lack of modeling methods but the proliferation of modeling methods with little theoretical foundation and empirical evidence to support their usefulness. Evaluation techniques are therefore necessary to compare and contrast these modeling methods. In this chapter, we suggest an evaluation approach based on the human information processing paradigm and the theory of equivalence of representations. This evaluation approach proposes that modeling methods can be evaluated and compared using two criteria: informational and computational equivalence.

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The skill of translating thought into action: framing the problem

10.31219/osf.io/29t4f ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wayne Christensen

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Neural Plasticity ◽

Skill Learning ◽

Motor Systems ◽

Central Idea ◽

Processing Demands

The nature of the cognition-motor interface has been brought to prominence by Butterfill & Sinigaglia (2014), who argue that the representations employed by the cognitive and motor systems should not be able to interact with each other. Here I argue that recent empirical evidence concerning the interface contradicts several of the assumptions incorporated in Butterfill & Sinigaglia’s account, and I seek to develop a theoretical picture that will allow us to explain the structure of the interface presented by this evidence. The central idea is that neural plasticity incorporates metarepresentational rules for constructing representational systems and linking them. The structure of the cognition-motor interface is constructed flexibly during development and skill learning based on information processing demands.

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How Are Shorts Informed? Short Sellers, News, and Information Processing

CFA Digest ◽

10.2469/dig.v42.n4.45 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

Martin A. Wildy

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Short Sellers

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Short Covering Trades

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis ◽

10.1017/s0022109017001193 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 723-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ekkehart Boehmer ◽

Truong X. Duong ◽

Zsuzsa R. Huszár

Keyword(s):

Transaction Costs ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Positive Reaction ◽

Private Information ◽

Short Selling ◽

Short Sellers ◽

Timing Ability ◽

Position Data ◽

Future Events ◽

Short Covering

Short sellers are known to have private information about security prices. Empirical evidence of short selling, however, is based on only half of short sellers’ trading activity; specifically, the opening of the position. Using disclosed large-short-position data from the Japanese stock market, we provide the first detailed evidence of covering trades and find a positive reaction to short covering that only partially reverses. Although these results are consistent with substantial transaction costs for closing large short positions, they also reveal that some short sellers are privately informed about positive future events and have timing ability in covering positions.

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A New Proposal for Phoneme Acquisition: Computing Speaker-Specific Distribution

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11020177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Mihye Choi ◽

Mohinish Shukla

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Young Children ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Speech Processing ◽

Specific Information ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Speaker Variability ◽

Specific Distribution ◽

Specific Variation ◽

Speech Variability

Speech is an acoustically variable signal, and one of the sources of this variation is the presence of multiple speakers. Empirical evidence has suggested that adult listeners possess remarkably sensitive (and systematic) abilities to process speech signals, despite speaker variability. It includes not only a sensitivity to speaker-specific variation, but also an ability to utilize speaker variation with other sources of information for further processing. Recently, many studies also showed that young children seem to possess a similar capacity. This suggests continuity in the processing of speaker-dependent speech variability, and suggests that this ability could also be important for infants learning their native language. In the present paper, we review evidence for speaker variability and speech processing in adults, and speaker variability and speech processing in young children, with an emphasis on how they make use of speaker-specific information in word learning situations. Finally, we will build on these findings to make a novel proposal for the use of speaker-specific information processing in phoneme learning in infancy.

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Multimedia Instruction

Multimedia Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-59904-953-3.ch004 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 25-34

Author(s):

Lorna Uden

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Multimedia Information ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Interactive Multimedia ◽

Traditional Classroom ◽

Information Processing Theory ◽

Multimedia Instruction ◽

Processing Theory ◽

Computer Based ◽

Positive Effect

Multimedia technology is increasingly being used as a vehicle to deliver instruction. The terms “hypermedia” and “multimedia” are often used interchangeably. However, a distinction is sometimes made: Not all multimedia applications are necessarily hypermedia. A network representation of information is one of the defining characteristics of hypermedia. An instance of hypermedia consists of pieces of information connected in an arbitrary manner to form a network of references (Begoray, 1990). In this chapter, the terms will be used synonymously. There are many benefits for using multimedia for instruction. Studies have shown that computer-based multimedia can help people learn more information better than traditional classroom lectures (Bagui, 1998). Several factors have been attributed to the success of multimedia in helping people to learn. First, there is a parallel between multimedia and the ‘natural’ way people learn, as explained by the Information Processing Theory (Gagné, Briggs & Wager, 1988). The similarities between the structure of multimedia and the information processing theory account for a large part of the success of learning with multimedia. Second, information in computer-based multimedia is presented in a non-linear, hypermedia format. The nature of hypermedia allows learners to view things from different perspectives. Third, computer-based multimedia is more interactive than traditional classroom lectures. Interacting appears to have a strong positive effect on learning (Najjar, 1996). Fourth, another feature of multimedia-based learning is that of flexibility. There is empirical evidence (Najjar, 1996) that interactive multimedia information helps people learn.

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Deceptive and Nondeceptive Consequences of Evaluative Advertising

Journal of Marketing ◽

10.1177/002224298104500103 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 22-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Terence A. Shimp ◽

Ivan L. Preston

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Product Attributes ◽

Verbal Content

Evaluative verbal content represents those advertising claims which refer to intangible product attributes or benefits. Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence indicate that such advertising may deceive receivers via an implication mechanism. But even in the absence of deception, advertisers may find success with evaluative advertising due to the operation of a low involvement information processing dynamic.

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