The Impact of Mandated Maternity Leave Policies on the Gender Gap in Promotions: Examining the Role of Employer-Based Discrimination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallika Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Promoting Female Entrepreneurship: The Impact of Gender Gap Beliefs and Perceptions

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110184
Author(s):  
Camelia Ilie ◽  
Abel Monfort ◽  
Gaston Fornes ◽  
Guillermo Cardoza
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Spanish Women ◽  
The Impact

Perceptions and institutional frameworks can be barriers or facilitators to the development of female entrepreneurship policies. Institutions rely on factual data on the gender gap to evaluate their policies. However, the literature shows that the research and institutions should also analyze the impact of social beliefs on the success of these policies and initiatives. This study focuses on the impact of these perceptions in promoting female entrepreneurship. Data were collected from 287 responses to a questionnaire from Spanish women and men and were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. The results show that the perception of lack of equality increases the gender gap even if there are specific and effective policies in a society that attempt to eliminate the gender gap in terms of the role of women in the home or positions of power. The main result is that these perceptions ultimately affect women’s entrepreneurial intentions. The results have policy implications for companies and public institutions willing to change the gender narrative about entrepreneurship and design policies and initiatives that help women overcome cultural barriers and effectively promote female entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Gender Gap in the Willingness to Compete: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule Alan ◽  
Seda Ertac
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Randomized Field Experiment ◽  
Willingness To Compete ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We evaluate the impact on competitiveness of a randomized educational intervention that aims to foster grit, a skill that is highly predictive of achievement. The intervention is implemented in elementary schools, and we measure its impact using a dynamic competition task with interim performance feedback. We find that when children are exposed to a worldview that emphasizes the role of effort in achievement and encourages perseverance, the gender gap in the willingness to compete disappears. We show that the elimination of this gap implies significant efficiency gains. We also provide suggestive evidence on a plausible causal mechanism that runs through the positive impact of enhanced grit on girls' optimism about their future performance.

Gender gap and ecological footprint: are there country variations? Evidence from quantile panel regression

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Elish
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Institutions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of the gender gap on the ecological footprint (EFP) corresponding to its different quantiles. Design/methodology/approach Quantile panel regression for 24 countries from the period 2006 to 2017 will be used, for the gender gap and other determinants of EFP. Findings Each factor affecting EFP differs in its impact depending on the level of EFP quantile it corresponds to. Gender gap was found to be increasing EFP for the higher quantiles and decreasing EFP for the lower quantiles. Research limitations/implications Environmental institutions should be considering the role of gender equality as a factor affecting the environment. Socioeconomic factors sometimes hamper the role of the female gender in preserving the environment. There are variations on how EFP factors differ between individual countries and this opens areas for further studies. Originality/value This research contributes to the current research studies by testing the impact of the gender gap on EFP instead of CO2 emission which is widely used in the literature. This topic is considered understudied and one of the few that uses the quantile panel regression to investigate this impact, none of which is used in gender and environment studies. Finally, the model used in the study uses a more comprehensive extension of the “Stochastic Impact by Regression on Pollution, Affluence and Technology” model compared to the existing empirical studies in this area.

scholarly journals The Impact of Women in Computer Science History: A Post-War American History

2019 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Karina Mochetti
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Early Computer ◽  
The Us ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact

Women have always played an important role in Computer Science findings, but their importance has always been overshadowed by men. Nowadays, men outnumber women by 3 times on computing occupations in the US, but still women prove to be essential on the development of technological fields. This work intends to place women at the forefront of computer science’s history. In order to demonstrate that their work was essential for the development of current technologies, a broad historical overview is given. This overview is chronologically and thematically structured in several periods, from the early computer machines (before 1900) to our current digital society (after 2010). Finally, an outlook on the role of women in computing is given. A detailed discussion of individual contributions by women would go beyond the scope of this work. Nor can a sociological analysis of the reasons for the gender gap be provided. Nevertheless, the work wants to be more than a mere quantitative enumeration of women’s contributions to computer sciences. The essay wants to plea for the integration of these women in the literature, i.e., in the historiography of computer sciences, which requires to reconsider the self-image of this discipline.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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