Investigations on Reactive Extraction of Butyric Acid Using Tri-n-Octyl Amine in Various Biodiesels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunder Lall Pal ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Rathore ◽  
Shourabh Singh Raghuwanshi ◽  
Shivam Kumar ◽  
Vikrant Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Reactive Extraction ◽  
Octyl Amine

Mass-transfer in pertraction of butyric acid by phosphonium ionic liquids and dodecane

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Marták ◽  
Štefan Schlosser ◽  
Marek Blahušiak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Reverse Micelles ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Reactive Extraction ◽  
Phosphonium Ionic Liquid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cyphos Il 104 ◽  
Mean Concentration

AbstractTransport of butyric acid (BA) through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) containing phosphonium ionic liquid (IL) Cyphos IL-104 and dodecane occurs by two mechanisms. The first is related to the physical solubility of undissociated acid in dodecane in the form of a monomer or dimer and the second to the reactive extraction of acid by IL. Although the model of pertraction indicates that increasing the mean concentration of acid in the feed, c F,lmv, increases the participation of pertraction based on the physical solubility; in the tested range of c F,lmv from 0 kmol m−3 to 0.45 kmol m−3 it does not play an important role and at the highest c F,lmv value, less than 10 % of the overall BA transport were achieved. The presence of IL in SLM considerably increases the value of the overall mass transfer coefficient in pertraction at low BA concentrations. However, at c F,lmv > 0.4 kmol m−3 its values are similar for SLMs with and without IL. Compared to lactic acid, the pertraction of BA through the same SLM is about five times faster. Reactive transport of BA is connected with the back transport of water via reverse micelles decomposition and formation on the extraction and stripping interfaces.

Kinetics study on reactive extraction of formic acid using tri-n-octyl amine diluted in n-butyl acetate

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhiraj Shambharkar ◽  
Dharm Pal
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Butyl Acetate ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Reactive Extraction ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Kinetics Study ◽  
Octyl Amine ◽  
Reaction Regime

Abstract Formic acid is the simplest yet commercially valuable organic acid. It is widely used as a stabilizer and sterile agent in food industries. Reactive extraction is highly effective and selective technique for the recovery of formic acid from dilute solutions. Kinetics study provide rate controlling step (reaction rate or diffusion) that is required to visualize the intrinsic reactive extraction mechanism. Kinetics study of formic acid (0.1–0.4 kmol/m3) extraction with tri-n-octyl amine (TOA) (0.11–0.67 kmol/m3) in n-butyl acetate (NBA) was investigated at temperature 308 ± 1 K. Kinetics study was carried out in a Lewis cell. Effect of formic acid concentration, TOA concentration, speed of stirring, and phase volume ratio were investigated to find the reaction regime. Diffusivity coefficient (DA) of formic acid in NBA was found 3.20 × 10−7 m2/s. Reaction rate constant was evaluated to be 0.616 m3/mol s. The physical mass transfer coefficient (kL) was evaluated to be 0.8278 × 10−6 × N 3.387. The reaction was independent on hydrodynamic parameters and falls under fast reaction regime. The reaction was found first order with respect to both formic acid as well as TOA, occurring in the diffusion film. The findings of the present work are helpful in the selection of commercially viable extraction system and in the design of extractors.

Nickel(0)-Catalyzed Linear-Selective Hydroarylation of Unactivated Alkenes and Styrenes with Arylboron Acids

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggui Lv ◽  
Li-Jun Xiao ◽  
Dongbing Zhao ◽  
Qi-Lin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Organoboronic Acids

Herein, we realized the first linear-selective hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes and styrenes with organoboronic acids by introducing directing groupon alkenes. Our method is highly efficient and scalable, and provides a modular route to assemble structurally diverse alkylarenes, especially for γ-aryl butyric acid derivatives, which have been widely utilized as chemical feedstocks to access multiple marketed drugs, and biologically active compounds.<br>

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