The Relative Importance of Industrial Relations Ideas in Politics: A Quantitative Analysis of Political Party Manifestos across 54 Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ryan Lamare ◽  
John W. Budd
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Party Manifestos

Did They Mind the Gap? Voter/Party Ideological Proximity between the BQ, the NDP and Quebec Voters, 2006–2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Gauvin ◽  
Chris Chhim ◽  
Mike Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Federal Election ◽  
Party Manifestos ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe 2011 Canadian federal election results changed the face of federal politics in Quebec. In a sudden and spectacular reversal of electoral fortunes, BQ support crumbled while that of the NDP surged. While most commentators focused exclusively on the 2011 election itself to explain what had happened, we offer an interpretation that takes a longitudinal approach. Using data from the Canadian Election Study and political party manifestos from 2006 to 2011, we propose a three-dimensional proximity model of voter/party congruence to explore the evolution of the ideological stances of Quebec voters and parties. Empirical results suggest these ideological distances between the NDP and Quebec voters decreased over time, whereas the BQ has distanced itself from voters. Furthermore, ideological distances between party and voters are a significant predictor of vote.

Habitats of circumboreal–subarctic sphagna: I. A quantitative analysis and review of species in the Caribou Mountains, northern Alberta

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (20) ◽  
pp. 2283-2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana G. Horton ◽  
Dale H. Vitt ◽  
Nancy G. Slack
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Sphagnum Fuscum ◽  
Dense Zone ◽  
Caribou Mountains ◽  
Northern Alberta

A quantitative analysis of the habitats of 14 species of Sphagnum found in the Caribou Mountains of northern Alberta and a literature review are the basis for a discussion of the habitats of these species as they occur in circumboreal–subarctic regions. Despite the implication inherent in the name, the Caribou Mountains are not mountains; the formation is an extensive, elevated plateau, which is underlain by more-or-less continuous permafrost. Three habitat types predominated in our study area: an upland "treed-tundra" (which is dominant over much of the plateau) with scattered Picea mariana and a hummocky bottom layer of sphagna; rounded "thaw-pocket" depressions dominated by carpets of Sphagnum and some carices; and streams defined by a dense zone of shrubs with the narrow water channel bordered by more-or-less firm lawns of Sphagnum species. Three gradients, which are considered to have a predominant influence on the occurrence of Sphagnum species, are wet to dry, ombrotrophic to minerotrophic, and shaded to exposed. The relative importance of each of these factors varies with each species of Sphagnum. Sphagnum jensenii, S. majus, S. riparium, and S. lindbergii occur exclusively in weakly minerotrophic to ombrotrophic, aquatic habitats where populations form loose, floating carpets. Such habitats are generally not much shaded. Such species as S. angustifolium, S. teres, and S. russowii are characteristic of somewhat less moist conditions, but all have a broad amplitude along the ombrotrophic to minerotrophic gradient. However, S. angustifolium is most abundant under poorly minerotrophic conditions where there is less shade, while S. teres predominates under highly minerotrophic conditions and is more-or-less equally tolerant of shade and exposure. Sphagnum warnstorfii apparently is restricted to habitats which are highly minerotrophic, but is tolerant of both shade and exposure. The sphagna most characteristic of densely shaded, woodland habitats where there is little peat development are S. squarrosum, S. wulfianum, and S. girgensohnii. All three species generally form low mounds. Sphagnum fuscum and S. nemoreum form well-defined hummocks and are most prevalent under ombrotrophic conditions.

Solidarity and Akcja Wyborcza ‘Solidarnosc'. An Attempt At Reviving the Legend

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Value System ◽  
Political Coalition ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Basic Hypothesis ◽  
Union Control

The paper is an attempt to analyse Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS), the biggest political coalition in Poland, in the context of the historical development of the Solidarity movement. In particular, two aspects are considered: the value system of the “old” and “new” Solidarity, and the relative importance of the trade union and political goals and modes of activity. The basic hypothesis advanced in the paper is, that the AWS is an attempt to institutionalise trade union control over the political party in the name of clearly defined values. Thus, compared with the “first Solidarity”, the movement has become both more exclusive and more focused in its goals. Values and interests converge in defining its new identity. The paper distinguishes three stages in the existence of the movement (1980–81, 1988–89, and 1996–98) and investigates all three of them. The stress, however, is put on the last of the three.

POLITICAL SPACES, DIMENSIONALITY DECLINE AND PARTY COMPETITION

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CÉSAR GARCÍA-DÍAZ ◽  
GILMAR ZAMBRANA-CRUZ ◽  
ARJEN VAN WITTELOOSTUIJN
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mortality Hazard ◽  
Party Strategies ◽  
The Mean

We built a computational model of political party competition in order to gain insight into the effect of the decrease in the number of relevant political issues (dimensions), and the change of their relative importance, on the number of surviving political parties, their strategy performance, and the degree of political party fragmentation. Particularly, we find that when there is a dimensionality reduction (i.e., a change from a two-dimensional issue space to a one-dimensional one, or, a substantial decrement in one of the issue's relative importance with respect to the other), the number of political parties declines, as does the overall degree of party fragmentation in the system. Regarding party strategies, we observe that, after the dimensionality reduction, (i) the inert parties tend to improve their performance in terms of party numbers (i.e., more inert parties survive, relatively speaking); (ii) the population of large-size seekers declines, (iii) the few large-size seeker survivors, in general, cushion their increased mortality hazard with increased size (i.e., increased number of supporters); and, finally, (iv) the mortality hazard increases with distance to the mean voter spot.

Foreign threat and political party change: Russia and changes in party manifestos

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335
Author(s):  
John Ishiyama ◽  
Christopher Pace ◽  
Brandon Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Party Change ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Party Manifestos ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Military

How do political parties react to foreign security threats? There has been very little attention paid in the literature generally to how parties react to international events, particularly how parties react to foreign policy threats. Using data from the Comparative Manifesto Project, we examine how political parties in countries in Europe have reacted to Russian actions in terms of their emphasis on security issues. Based upon our analysis of the manifestoes from 331 parties in 36 countries we find that, generally, interstate threats have no significant effect on the military position adopted by political parties, although these effects vary by party type and by the type of threat. Russian based threats appear to be associated with the Far Left becoming more dovish (which is consistent with what would be expected by the literature) and the Far Right becoming significantly less hawkish.

scholarly journals Unraveling why we sleep: Quantitative analysis reveals abrupt transition from neural reorganization to repair in early development

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (38) ◽  
pp. eaba0398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyu Cao ◽  
Alexander B. Herman ◽  
Geoffrey B. West ◽  
Gina Poe ◽  
Van M. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Early Ontogeny ◽  
Evolutionary Constraints ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Neural Repair ◽  
Abrupt Transition ◽  
Metabolite Clearance

Sleep serves disparate functions, most notably neural repair, metabolite clearance and circuit reorganization. Yet the relative importance remains hotly debated. Here, we create a novel mechanistic framework for understanding and predicting how sleep changes during ontogeny and across phylogeny. We use this theory to quantitatively distinguish between sleep used for neural reorganization versus repair. Our findings reveal an abrupt transition, between 2 and 3 years of age in humans. Specifically, our results show that differences in sleep across phylogeny and during late ontogeny (after 2 or 3 years in humans) are primarily due to sleep functioning for repair or clearance, while changes in sleep during early ontogeny (before 2 or 3 years) primarily support neural reorganization and learning. Moreover, our analysis shows that neuroplastic reorganization occurs primarily in REM sleep but not in NREM. This developmental transition suggests a complex interplay between developmental and evolutionary constraints on sleep.

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