scholarly journals Generative Lesion Pattern Decomposition of Cognitive Impairment after Stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Bonkhoff ◽  
Jae-Sung Lim ◽  
Hee-Joon Bae ◽  
Nick A. Weaver ◽  
Hugo J. Kuijf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Pattern Decomposition ◽  
Lesion Pattern

scholarly journals Generative lesion pattern decomposition of cognitive impairment after stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Bonkhoff ◽  
Jae-Sung Lim ◽  
Hee-Joon Bae ◽  
Nick A. Weaver ◽  
Hugo J. Kuijf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Pattern Decomposition ◽  
Lesion Pattern ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage

SummaryCognitive impairment is a frequent and disabling sequela of stroke. There is however incomplete understanding of how lesion topographies in the left and right cerebral hemisphere brain interact to cause distinct cognitive deficits. We integrated machine learning and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to enable hemisphere-aware analysis of 1080 subacute ischemic stroke patients with deep profiling ∼3 months after stroke. We show relevance of the left hemisphere in the prediction of language and memory assessments, while global cognitive impairments were equally well predicted by lesion topographies from both sides. Damage to the hippocampal and occipital regions on the left were particularly informative about lost naming and memory function. Global cognitive impairment was predominantly linked to lesioned tissue in supramarginal and angular gyrus, the postcentral gyrus as well as the lateral occipital and opercular cortices of the left hemisphere. Hence, our analysis strategy uncovered that lesion patterns with unique hemispheric distributions are characteristic of how cognitive capacity is lost due to ischemic brain tissue damage.

scholarly journals Increased CSF levels of total Tau in patients with subcortical cerebrovascular pathology and cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Radanovic ◽  
Florindo Stella ◽  
Lis Gomes Silva ◽  
Leda L. Talib ◽  
Orestes V. Forlenza
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Lesion Pattern ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Fazekas Scale ◽  
T Tau

ABSTRACT. Cognitive impairment includes mild cognitive decline and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular-related pathologies. Objective: To investigate the profile of AD-related CSF biomarkers in a sample of cognitively impaired and unimpaired older adults with concomitant subcortical cerebrovascular burden. Methods: Seventy-eight older adults attending an outpatient psychogeriatric clinic were enrolled. Diagnoses were based on clinical, neuropsychological, laboratory, and neuroimaging data. Participants were classified into: cognitively normal (controls, n = 30), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 34), and dementia (AD, n = 14). All subjects were submitted to CSF analyses for determination of amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42), total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and Aβ1-42/p-tau ratio according to the Luminex method. MRI was performed in all individuals, and was scored independently by two experts according to Fazekas scale. Statistical analyses were conducted with the aid of general linear model procedures, and the Chi-squared test. Results: T-tau levels were significantly associated with subcortical lesion pattern when Fazekas was considered as a group factor. CSF biomarkers were not associated with MCI, AD, or controls when considered separately. There was a tendency for reduction in CSF Aβ1-42 together with increasing Fazekas scores, but without statistical significance. Comparisons of Aβ1-42 and t-tau with each clinical group or with each neuroimaging pattern did not reach statistical differences. Likewise, Fazekas scores had no impact on CAMCOG scores. Conclusion: We found a significant association between t-tau levels and subcortical lesions when all Fazekas classifications were considered as a single group; comparisons of Fazekas subgroups and CSF biomarkers did not reach significance.

“Subcortical” cognitive impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH LERITZ ◽  
JASON BRANDT ◽  
MELISSA MINOR ◽  
FRANCES REIS-JENSEN ◽  
MICHELLE PETRI
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

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