2D Ti 3C 2T x Mxene Couples Electrical Stimulation to Promote Proliferation and Neural Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongrong Guo ◽  
Miao Xiao ◽  
Wanyu Zhao ◽  
Yangnan Hu ◽  
Menghui Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation

Gene Expression Profiling of Neural Stem Cells and Identification of Regulators of Neural Differentiation During Cortical Development

Stem Cells ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ohtsuka ◽  
Hiromi Shimojo ◽  
Mitsuhiro Matsunaga ◽  
Naoki Watanabe ◽  
Kohei Kometani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Cortical Development

scholarly journals Enriching neural stem cell and pro-healing glial phenotypes with electrical stimulation after traumatic brain injury in male rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunyoung Park ◽  
Johnathan G. Lyon ◽  
Melissa Alvarado-Velez ◽  
Martha I. Betancur ◽  
Nassir Mokarram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Injury Site

AbstractTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) by an external physical impact results in compromised brain function via undesired neuronal death. Following the injury, resident and peripheral immune cells, astrocytes, and neural stem cells (NSCs) cooperatively contribute to the recovery of the neuronal function after TBI. However, excessive pro-inflammatory responses of immune cells, and the disappearance of endogenous NSCs at the injury site during the acute phase of TBI, can exacerbate TBI progression leading to incomplete healing. Therefore, positive outcomes may depend on early interventions to control the injury-associated cellular milieu in the early phase of injury. Here, we explore electrical stimulation (ES) of the injury site in a rodent model (male Sprague-Dawley rats) to investigate its overall effect on the constituent brain cell phenotype and composition during the acute phase of TBI. Our data showed that a brief ES for 1h on day 2 of TBI promoted pro-healing phenotypes of microglia as assessed by CD206 expression and increased the population of NSCs and Nestin+ astrocytes at 7 days post-TBI. Also, ES effectively increased the number of viable neurons when compared to the unstimulated control group. Given the salience of microglia and neural stem cells for healing after TBI, our results strongly support the potential benefit of the therapeutic use of ES during the acute phase of TBI to regulate neuroinflammation and to enhance neuroregeneration.Significance StatementTraumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when a head injury leads to a disruption of normal function in the brain and is a major cause of death and disability, worldwide. The authors used electrical stimulation during the acute phase of TBI, which promoted pro-healing phenotypes of microglia and increased the number of neural stem cells and Nestin+ astrocytes, thereby enhancing neuronal viability. These findings support further study of electrical stimulation to regulate neuroinflammation and to enhance neuroregeneration after TBI.Graphical AbstractFIGURE 1.

A micropatterned conductive electrospun nanofiber mesh combined with electrical stimulation for synergistically enhancing differentiation of rat neural stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 2673-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanhuan Yan ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Linlong Li ◽  
Xiaosong Zhou ◽  
Xincui Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Nanofiber Mesh

The micropatterned conductive nanofiber mesh combined with ES effectively facilitates the differentiation of NSCs into neuron and suppresses the formation of astrocytes.

191 ROBUST GENERATION OF NEURAL STEM CELLS FROM PIG INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS FOR TRANSLATIONAL NEURAL REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
A. Gallegos-Cardenas ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
E. T. Jordan ◽  
R. West ◽  
F. D. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neural Induction ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Human Ipsc

The generation of pig induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) opened the possibility to evaluate autologous neural cell therapy as a viable option for human patients. However, it is necessary to demonstrate whether pig iPSC are capable of in vitro neural differentiation similar to human iPSC in order to perform in vitro and in vivo comparative studies. Multiple laboratories have generated pig iPSC that have been characterised using pluripotent markers such as SSEA4 and POU5F1. However, correlations of pluripotent marker expression profiles among iPSC lines and their neural differentiation potential has not been fully explored. Because neural rosettes (NR) are composed of neural stem cells, our goal was to demonstrate that NR from pig iPSC can be generated, isolated, and expanded in vitro from multiple porcine iPSC lines similar to human iPSC and that the level of pluripotency in the starting porcine iPSC population (POUF51 and SSEA4 expression) could influence NRs development. Three lines of pig iPSC L1, L2, and L3 were cultured on matrigel-coated plates in mTeSR1 medium (Stemcell Technologies Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada) and passaged every 3 to 4 days. For neural induction (NI), pig iPSC were disaggregated using dispase and plated. After 24 h, cells were maintained in N2 media [77% DMEM/F12, 10 ng mL–1 bovine fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and 1X N2] for 15 days. To evaluate the differentiation potential to neuron and glial cells, NR were isolated, expanded in vitro and cultured for three weeks in AB2 medium (AB2, 1X ANS, and 2 mM L-Glutamine). Immunostaining assays were performed to determine pluripotent (POU5F1 and SSEA4), tight junction (ZO1), neural epithelial (Pax6 and Sox1), neuron (Tuj1), astrocyte (GFAP), and oligodendrocyte (O4) marker expression. Line L2 (POU5F1high and SSEA4low) showed a high potential to form NR (6.3.5%, P < 0.05) in comparison to the other 2 lines L1 (POU5F1low and SSEA4low) and L3 (POU5F1low and SSEA4high) upon NI. The NR immunocytochemistry results from Line L2 showed the presence of Pax6+ and Sox1– NRs cells at day 9 post-neural induction and that ZO1 started to localise at the apical border of NRs. At day 13, NRs cells were Pax6+ and Sox1+, and ZO1 was localised to the lumen of NR. After isolation and culture in vitro, NR cells expressed transcription factors PLAGL1, DACH1, and OTX2 through 2 passages, but were not detected in later passages. However, rosette cytoarchitecture was present up until passage 7 and were still Pax6+/Sox1+. NRs at passage 2 were cryopreserved and upon thaw showed normal NR morphology and were Pax6+/Sox1+. To characterise the plasticity of NRs, cells were differentiated. Tuj1 expression was predominant after differentiation indicating a bias towards a neuron phenotype. These results demonstrate that L2 pig iPSC (POUF51high and SSEA4low) have a high potential to form NR and neural differentiation parallels human iPSC neurulation events. Porcine iPSC should be considered as a large animal model for determining the safety and efficacy of human iPSC neural cell therapies.

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