Insecure Land Tenure, Social Protection, and Resource Misallocation: Evidence from China's Agricultural Sector

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Resource Misallocation

scholarly journals Zambian farm blocks: A vehicle for increased private sector investments

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 817-825
Author(s):  
Susanna L. Middelberg ◽  
Pieter van der Zwan ◽  
Cobus Oberholster
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Private Sector Investment

AbstractThe Zambian government has introduced the farm block development programme (FBDP) to facilitate agricultural land and rural development and encourage private sector investment. This study assessed whether the FBDP achieves these goals. Key obstacles and possible opportunities were also identified and, where appropriate, specific corrective actions were recommended. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted in Lusaka with various stakeholders of the FBDP. The FBDP is designed to facilitate agricultural land development and encourage private sector investment. However, the programme falls far short in terms of implementation, amidst policy uncertainty and lack of support. This is evident by the insecurity of land tenure which negatively affects small- and medium-scale producers’ access to financing, lack of infrastructure development of these farm blocks, and constraints in the agricultural sector such as low labour productivity and poor access to service expertise. It is recommended that innovative policy interventions should be created to support agricultural development. This can be achieved by following a multistakeholder approach through involving private, public and non-profit sectors such as non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and donors.

scholarly journals POLA PENGUASAAN TANAH DAN DISTRIBUSI KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA DI PEDESAAN JAWA TIMUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Versanudin Hekmatyar ◽  
Fentiny Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Livelihood Diversification ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Labor System ◽  
High Level

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the pattern of land tenure and forms of livelihood diversification in rural area. By using qualitative approach, data was collected and presented descriptively. The results are as follows, first, land is an important production factors as capital and labor. Land in Kedungprimpen village is still closely linked to the livelihoods of its inhabitants. High level of dependence of the population on agricultural land is also closely related to the local community's view that underlies the social differentiation of the rich, ample and poor. Second, this fact further encourages households todeal with the crisis, undertake series of livelihood activities to meet their basic needs. The selection of diversified forms of livelihood is mainly based on rational reasons related to the types of resources that can be optimized. Generally, livelihood diversification in Kedungprimpen Village is on agricultural andnon-agricultural sectors. Agricultural sector includes land cultivation, sharecrop, rent, mortgage, and labor system. Non-agricultural sector includes trade, handicrafts production, stockbreeding, and carpentry.Keywords: pattern of land tenure, land tenure, land diversification, peasant

scholarly journals On the issue of human capital development in the national economy of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
V. Nahornyi ◽  
◽  
T. Kostiuk ◽  
D. Pernykoza ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Capital Development

Population, man, human resources, human capital are the defining concepts in the consideration of issues related to the functioning of the national economy in modern economic conditions. It is generally recognized that labor activity is the main prerequisite that determines the material and spiritual wealth of man and society as a whole. Therefore, human resources at the present stage is one of the main components of the production potential of management in Ukraine, increasing the efficiency of use and reproduction of which are especially relevant. On the level of efficiency of human resources depends the level of welfare of the population, the development of productive forces, the scale of material production, etc. The development of intellectual productive forces and the strengthening of the influence of innovation and information factors contributes to the formation of a new socio-economic role of man in the modern economy and requires appropriate research. The article reveals the theoretical issues of trends in human capital development, a thorough analysis of the current state of human capital development and its importance in the modern economy. Based on the generalization of different views of scientists, the main stages of human capital formation in the agricultural sector of Ukraine's economy are identified and characterized. The problems of human capital use have been studied and proposals for its improvement have been worked out. It is revealed that the process of reproduction of human capital in agricultural enterprises and its effective use in the conditions of market transformations should be based on the principles of active policy aimed at reviving the economic situation in agriculture; scientific substantiation; development of measures in order to increase jobs and increase the labor needs of agricultural enterprises; improvement of the system of remuneration, social protection of agricultural workers; formation of the mechanism of social partnership, etc.

scholarly journals status of agricultural financing by commercial banks in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Ropafadzo Chigunhah ◽  
Ezekia Svotwa ◽  
Tendai J. Mabvure ◽  
Gerald Munyoro ◽  
Lovemore Chikazhe
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Productive Capacity

Agricultural finance is indispensable for enhancing productive capacity in both small-scale and commercial farming. This study sought to establish the current status of agricultural financing by 12 registered and operational commercial banks in Zimbabwe in the year 2019. Questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect data. SPSS and NVivo were used for data analysis. All the commercial banks participated in agricultural financing with an average agricultural loan portfolio of 30%. However, their participation in agricultural lending is yet to reach the pre-land reform maximum of 91.3% attained in 1999. Land tenure and weather risks, as well as lack of collateral among farmers reduced the banks’ appetite for lending to the agricultural sector. The majority of the commercial banks offered value chain finance, invoice finance, overdraft facilities, and term loans to agricultural sector clients that mainly included; suppliers, medium-scale, and large-scale commercial farmers. The study established a mismatch in the demand and supply of loans in the medium to long term tenure range of 1 to more than 3 years. There was low demand for 1-3-year tenure loans according to the commercial banks, and a corresponding deficit in the supply of highly demanded longer-term loans of more than 3 years for capital expenditure (CAPEX). Therefore, government should aim to; stabilize currency; arrest hyperinflation; restore economic stability; address land tenure to ensure the bankability of the 99-year Lease; and create an environment that is conducive for investment in climate and weather resilience infrastructure. Local farmers should also invest in human and physical capital to improve their access to bank credit. JEL Code: Q14

scholarly journals Women development in agriculture as agency for fostering innovative agricultural financing in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 18279-18299
Author(s):  
Monica Ewomazino Akokuwebe ◽  
◽  
L Amusan ◽  
G Odularu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Liberal Feminism ◽  
Historical Factors

The significant contribution of women in agricultural development cannot be over-emphasised. Women farmers are commonly side-lined and their efforts under-valued in conventional agricultural and economic evaluations despite the substantial impact they have made in the sector. Globally, women’s contributions to the agricultural sector have been appraised as the world’s major producers and organisers of food crops where half of the world’s foods have been grown by them. In Africa, Nigeria included, women dominate and play major roles in producing subsistence crops and livestock. Their contribution to agriculture is estimated to be 65% in Nigeria. However, their contributions are undermined largely because women are often economically marginalised. Though women are food producers for most of the households in rural areas, their marginalisation has been historical. Factors hindering women from accessing agricultural financing include patriarchy, an unfavourable land tenure system that deprives women of access to collateral security in accessing bank loans and the vagueness of women’s limited self-agency. Anchored in patriarchal and liberal feminism theories, this study examines how Nigerian women are marginalised in selected spheres of agrarian livelihoods in the south-eastern parts of Nigeria. South-East Nigerian women farmers participate fully in all key stages of farming activities such as production, processing and marketing of food crops. The Igbo men cultivate mainly cash crops. Similarly, in the Northern parts of Nigeria, women are only allowed to participate in certain stages of cash crop growing but they are fully allowed to engage in subsistence farming as they are relegated to home front activities. Patriarchy limits women's access and control over land resources in all forms. Patriarchal and liberal feminism denoted that the actions and ideas of male farmers dominant over those of women has prevented female farmers the autonomy and freedom to become rational beings. This paper recommends mainstreaming of gender in the design, implementation and monitoring of agricultural policies and programmes for inclusive financing for food security and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Ketimpangan Dan Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Penduduk

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Rafly Parenta Bano
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
The World ◽  
The Village

Although the poverty rate continues to decline, the trend of inequality in Merauke Regency tends to fluctuate and increase compared to 2007. Whereas the economic growth of Merauke Regency is consistently above 7 percent in 2011 and the contribution of the agricultural sector reaches a quarter in GRDP. In addition to the lack of research on the level of inequality in Merauke Regency, this research was conducted with the aim to find out the level of population inequality according to the World Bank's size and to understand the socio-economic characteristics of each population group. This study uses descriptive analysis to answer more clearly the purpose of this study. As a result, the level of inequality in Merauke Regency in 2017 is classified as moderate. Meanwhile, the low-income population mostly lives in the village, more likely to allocate income to consume food but less calorie, accept raskin butdid not receive a Social Protection Card. An important finding in this study is that the accessibility of low-income populations to social protection programs is still low. So it is necessary to evaluate the implementation of the program to be on target.

Drivers of Agricultural Funding in a Post Partially Dollarized Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Leonard Mbira ◽  
Sherman Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Multiple Relationships ◽  
Land Tenure System ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Survey Approach

 Agriculture has long been the backbone of the Zimbabwean economy contributing in excess of 40% at its peak. There has been a sharp decline in the performance of this sector over the years especially from 2000. Concurrently the sector has been struggling to access financing from the conventional financial system despite its strategic importance to the economy. This study sought to unravel the major fundamentals behind the financing vacuum in the agricultural sector. It adopts a survey approach for data collection and applies both descriptive and inferential methods . A questionnaire was used for data collection on a sample of 117 respondents comprising of farmers’ representatives, bank employees and ministry of agriculture officials. Data was analyzed using SPSS’ Analysis of Moment Structures software which allows for structural equation modeling to identify multiple relationships among variables simultaneously. The study identifies the efficient and reliable value chain mechanism, volatile government policy, short term deposits experienced by banks, land tenure system and lack of investor confidence as the underlying fundamentals behind the low financing in agriculture.

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