How Trade and Investment Agreements Affect Bilateral Foreign Direct Investment: Results from a Structural Gravity Mode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Kox ◽  
Hugo Rojas-Romagosa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Gravity Mode

scholarly journals Why Indonesia Should Keep Joining in Trade and Investment Agreements?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Wairocana ◽  
I Nyoman Suyatna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
Trade And Investment

There have been some concerns over the existence of trade and investment agreements. They have been doubted because of the poverty and inequality issues in some regions across the globe. The rise of the spirit of national interest of their members has also exacerbated the situation. Hence, these two miserable facts may end up with a question whether Indonesia should keep joining trade and investment agreements. This article is aimed to examine if Indonesia should continue its participation in trade and investment agreements. Employing a normative legal research, this article put three parameters, analysing the continuity of Indonesia’s participation, namely the benefits of international trade and foreign direct investment, the rationale of trade and investment agreements, and how trade and investment agreements (that involve Indonesia) have positively affected Indonesia’s development. This article then claims that Indonesia should keep joining trade and investment agreements for realising its targets on economic growth and development.

China FDI Booms but Problems Persist for FIEs

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-100
Author(s):  
M. Foster ◽  
Choo Shin Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Chinese Diaspora ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
China Market ◽  
Trade And Investment

China has become one of the major recipients of foreign direct investment since Chairman Deng determined in 1978 that China’s economic door should be opened, for both trade and investment. Despite the fact that there is now over thirty years of accumulated knowledge and experience of this new, open China market on which to draw, there are cases where it has proved difficult to deal with China as partners due to legal and regulatory frameworks operating in China. This is true not only for western-based, non-Chinese firms but also for firms from the Chinese diaspora. We examine a number of such problematic cases, seeking to understand the roots of the problems experienced by the foreign entities and what may be the solutions. All of the case firms experienced difficulties to some degree with the Chinese legal system, the regulatory system, or what might be called tacit regulation, where investing firms have difficulty with other firms such as suppliers who are not part of the legal, or quasi legal system, but have effects on the investors which seem to have the tacit support or approval of government. The experience of these case firms confirms the picture that it is hard for foreign directed entities to win legal or regulatory battles in China.

International Investment Law and Practice in the Kingdom of Cambodia: An Evolving ‘Rule Taker’?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 942-973
Author(s):  
Romesh Weeramantry
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Court System ◽  
International Investment Law ◽  
Investment Treaty ◽  
Investment Arbitration ◽  
Investment Law ◽  
Investment Agreements

Abstract Cambodia has undertaken several initiatives to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), which has been growing rapidly in recent years, particularly through participating in Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) investment agreements and free trade agreements (FTAs). This article first outlines Cambodia’s arbitration law and practice, its Law on Investment, the court system, problems relating to corruption, and foreign direct investment (FDI) patterns. It then surveys trends in Cambodia’s comparatively belated signing of investment treaties, and their main contents (including recent treaties with India and Hungary, adopting very different models). The article then discusses the only investment arbitration instituted against Cambodia, which was successfully defended, followed by a comment on the future prospects for Cambodia’s investment treaty program.

The Role of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Emerging EU Investment Policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 570-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Investment Agreements ◽  
Trade And Investment

The transfer of an exclusive competence for “foreign direct investment” to the European Union (eu) in the Lisbon Treaty (2009) has raised numerous legal questions and has tasked the eu institutions with developing a policy field almost entirely new to them. One of the matters that requires thorough consideration is the role the Court of Justice of the European Union (cjeu) will enjoy with regard to this new policy, which role it may be given in investment agreements of the eu or to what extent its role may legally be excluded or diminished by iias. The policy documents published so far as well as leaked text of envisaged investment chapters of future eu trade and investment agreements disregard this matter entirely. Nevertheless, the cjeu will play a role on the basis of the provisions of the eu Treaties and it is largely for the Court itself to determine that role.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Bilateral Trade and Foreign Direct Investment on Malaysia’s Economic Growth: The Roles of Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-432
Author(s):  
Chee-Yie Wong ◽  
Hui-Shan Lee ◽  
Shyue-Chuan Chong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
High Income ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Trade And Investment

Open economy is essential for a country to achieve sustainable economic growth. There existsa bilateral tiebetween Malaysia and Singapore since 1965. Thisrelationship has made Singaporeachievedas a high-income nation that enjoys modern infrastructure and technology, skilled labour, and strong financial structure, but Malaysia is still trying to upgrade itself to become a high-income nation via open economy. Furthermore, Malaysia’s reliance on the external market has inevitablyleft the economy to be more exposed to external shock. This research analysesthe impacts of Malaysia’s bilateral trade and investment with Singapore on Malaysia’s economic growth from2008 to 2016. Vector error correction model (VECM) reveals that Malaysia’s exports to Singapore arepositive and significant on Malaysia’s economic growth and Malaysia’s OFDI in Singapore is significant but negative on Malaysia’s economic growth.However, Malaysia’s imports from Singapore and Malaysia’s inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) by Singapore have insignificant impacts on Malaysia’s economic growth. It concludes that only Malaysia’s exports to Singapore can help to increase Malaysia’s economic growth.Thus,Malaysia’sgovernment couldprovide incentives to encourage Malaysian local firms to boost the exportationsto Singapore.

scholarly journals Determinants and effects of Chinese foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Ukraynets ◽  
Nataliya Horin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Investment Experience ◽  
Chinese Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
European Markets ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
The Eu

The article analyzes Chinese foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine at the present stage. China is as an important partner for Ukraine, not only in the field of foreign trade and investment but also for the implementation of the strategic vector of Ukraine’s economic development and its integration into the modern world economy. The empirical study shows that Chinese investors receive additional incentives to invest in Ukraine if there is a prior positive investment experience, increasing market potential and openness, and economic freedom. As Ukraine is generally perceived as a path to European markets, the signing of the Association Agreement with the EU is a positive factor. However, Chinese investors’ readiness to support corruption schemes in the Ukrainian economy arouses concern. Therefore, in order to enhance and improve the structure of investment flows from China, it is necessary to take a number of measures to overcome corruption.

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