Association Between Aluminium Exposure and Cognitive Functions Among Adult Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankara Bagepally ◽  
Rakesh Balachandar ◽  
Ravibabu Kalahasthi ◽  
Ravikesh Tripathi ◽  
Madhumitha Haridoss
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Aluminium Exposure

Association between aluminium exposure and cognitive functions: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 128831
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankara Bagepally ◽  
Rakesh Balachandar ◽  
Ravibabu Kalahasthi ◽  
Ravikesh Tripathi ◽  
Madhumita Haridoss
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Aluminium Exposure

scholarly journals Caffeine and Cognitive Functions in Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Jorge Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
Xueyin Fei ◽  
Raúl Domínguez ◽  
Helios Pareja-Galeano
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Protocols ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive functions are essential in any form of exercise. Recently, interest has mounted in addressing the relationship between caffeine intake and cognitive performance during sports practice. This review examines this relationship through a structured search of the databases Medline/PubMed and Web of Science for relevant articles published in English from August 1999 to March 2020. The study followed PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were defined according to the PICOS model. The identified records reported on randomized cross-over studies in which caffeine intake (as drinks, capsules, energy bars, or gum) was compared to an identical placebo situation. There were no filters on participants’ training level, gender, or age. For the systematic review, 13 studies examining the impacts of caffeine on objective measures of cognitive performance or self-reported cognitive performance were selected. Five of these studies were also subjected to meta-analysis. After pooling data in the meta-analysis, the significant impacts of caffeine only emerged on attention, accuracy, and speed. The results of the 13 studies, nevertheless, suggest that the intake of a low/moderate dose of caffeine before and/or during exercise can improve self-reported energy, mood, and cognitive functions, such as attention; it may also improve simple reaction time, choice reaction time, memory, or fatigue, however, this may depend on the research protocols.

scholarly journals Cognitive functions in smoking and non-smoking patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yuan Wang ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Bao-Liang Zhong ◽  
Chee H. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Effects of dietary interventions on DNA methylation in adult humans: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 961-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil ElGendy ◽  
Fiona C. Malcomson ◽  
Jose G. Lara ◽  
David Michael Bradburn ◽  
John C. Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Methylation Patterns

AbstractDNA methylation is a key component of the epigenetic machinery that is responsible for regulating gene expression and, therefore, cell function. Patterns of DNA methylation change during development and ageing, differ between cell types, are altered in multiple diseases and can be modulated by dietary factors. However, evidence about the effects of dietary factors on DNA methylation patterns in humans is fragmentary. This study was initiated to collate evidence for causal links between dietary factors and changes in DNA methylation patterns. We carried out a systematic review of dietary intervention studies in adult humans using Medline, EMBASE and Scopus. Out of 22 149 screened titles, sixty intervention studies were included, of which 65% were randomised (n 39). Most studies (53%) reported data from blood analyses, whereas 27% studied DNA methylation in colorectal mucosal biopsies. Folic acid was the most common intervention agent (33%). There was great heterogeneity in the methods used for assessing DNA methylation and in the genomic loci investigated. Meta-analysis of the effect of folic acid on global DNA methylation revealed strong evidence that supplementation caused hypermethylation in colorectal mucosa (P=0·009). Meta-regression analysis showed that the dose of supplementary folic acid was the only identified factor (P<0·001) showing a positive relationship. In summary, there is limited evidence from intervention studies of effects of dietary factors, other than folic acid, on DNA methylation patterns in humans. In addition, the application of multiple different assays and investigations of different genomic loci makes it difficult to compare, or to combine, data across studies.

scholarly journals Social cognition in frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Ziaei ◽  
Charlotte Arnold ◽  
Kate Thompson ◽  
David Reutens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Practices

Despite the importance of social cognitive functions to mental health and social adjustment, assessment of these functions is absent in routine epilepsy patients' examinations. Hence, there is a clear need for developing a clinical and practical assessment which is a critical step towards designing new interventions. To do so, we first need to gain a nuanced understanding of the difficulties patients face in different domains of social cognition, including emotion recognition, empathy, the theory of mind, and social adjustment. The aim of this paper is, thus, to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on social cognitive functions and changes among epileptic patients: frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy. Papers from 1990-2021 were reviewed and examined for inclusion in this study and after the deduplication process, 44 papers (out of 6181 numbers that were first identified) were included in the systematic review and 40 papers in the meta-analysis. Our results indicated that first, all patients, both frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy, have difficulties in all aspects of social cognition relative to non-clinical controls. However, the effect sizes were larger for theory of mind (TOM) relative to emotion domain, suggesting sensitivity of the TOM for assessing social cognitive functions among this population. Additionally, right temporal lobe epilepsy patients performed more poorly than non-clinical control relative to left side seizure focus patients, specifically in the TOM domain. Results from the empathy and social behavior domains need to be considered cautiously as these two domains are the least studied and more research is warranted in these domains of social cognition. Finally, we suggest a step-by-step pipeline for the assessment of impairments in social cognition that can be integrated into standard clinical practices for epilepsy treatment.

scholarly journals Network Meta-Analysis of Physical Activity Interventions On Cognitive Functions In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Protocol of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longxi Li ◽  
Anni Wang ◽  
Qun Fang ◽  
Michelle E. Moosbrugger
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Children With Asd

Abstract Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms are usually observed by the age of 2 years. However, the mechanism of ASD is still encompassed in a block box and no identified cure exists. Based on accumulating evidence, intensive early treatment such as physical activity or exercise can make a significant difference in the cognitive control and development in children with ASD. This study aims to update the knowledge on extant literature and explore the efficacy of physical activity intervention strategies (PAIS) on cognitive functions in children with ASD. Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis will be conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols for Network Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-NMA). Nine bibliographic databases (APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Dimensions, ERIC, MEDLINE Complete, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science) will be systematically searched to screen eligible articles based on a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A study will be considered for inclusion if the study: (a) is not classified as a systematic review with or without meta-analysis; (b) is published from inception to date; (c) includes children aged 0-12 years with ASD; (d) quantitively measures cognitive outcomes; (e) treatment includes at least one PAIS. The internal validity and quality of evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Statistical analyses will be produced in RStudio 3.6 with the BUGSnet package and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.3. Discussion: This study will provide an updated review of the extant literature by using an appropriate network meta-analytic model and address the questions regarding efficacy of PAIS that significantly impact cognitive functions in children with ASD with implications for future decision making. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021279054.

scholarly journals Intervention Effect of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation on Cognitive Functions among People with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 840
Author(s):  
Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu ◽  
Emma Sethina Adjaottor ◽  
Bess Yin-Hung Lam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adjunct Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomized Control

This systematic review and meta-analysis aggregated and examined the treatment effect of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) (transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation) on cognitive functions in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A systematic search was conducted using databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, EMBASE) for studies with keywords related to non-randomized and randomized control trials of NIBS among people with TBI. Nine out of 1790 NIBS studies with 197 TBI participants (103 active vs. 94 sham) that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present study were finally selected for meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (version 3). Results showed that the overall effect of NIBS on cognition in people with TBI was moderately significant (g = 0.304, 95% CI = 0.055 to 0.553) with very low heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 0.000, Tau = 0.000). Specifically, significant and marginally significant moderate effect sizes were found for cognitive sub-domains including attention, memory, and executive function. The present findings suggest that NIBS is moderately effective in improving cognitive functions among people with TBI. In particular, NIBS may be used as an alternative and/or an adjunct treatment to the traditional approach in rehabilitating cognitive functions in people with TBI.

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