Enforcing Property Rights Through the Elements of Freed Market; a Case for Iran’s Bankruptcy Law

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KREDITOR PEMEGANG HAK TANGGUNGAN DALAM EKSEKUSI HARTA (BOEDEL) PAILIT TERHADAP SITA PERKARA PIDANA

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v8i1.40368 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Bernadetha Aurelia Oktavira ◽

Yudho Taruno Muryanto

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Third Party ◽

Bankruptcy Law ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Criminal Matters

Abstract This article aims to explain the legal protection for land mortgage creditor in execution of bankruptcy property rights of confiscation on criminal matters. This study is based on the results of the study normative law with statute approach and case approach. During execution of bankruptcy property rights, there were not a few bankrupt debtors who were caught in criminal matters which resulted in criminal confiscation of land mortgage object. Then the fulfillment of the land mortgage creditor’s right is disrupted due to the laying of confiscation on same object, so a legal protection that is just and useful is needed in order to gain legal certainty. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that in bankruptcy law the executorial rights of land mortgage creditor are protected in Article 21 of Act Number 4 Year 1996 about Land Mortgage with objects related to land and Article 55 of Act Number 37 Year 2004 about Bankruptcy and PKPU. But when confronted with confiscation on criminal matters, curator whose represent land mortgage creditor interest in order to maintain their executorial rights can take a pretrial for lifting the criminal confiscation based on Article 82 paragraph (1) KUHAP. If bankruptcy general confiscation is happened first, curator can take a claim with third party resistance lawsuit against confiscation in commercial court based on Article 3 paragraph (1) of Act Number 37 Year 2004. Keywords: Land Mortgage; Bankruptcy; Criminal ConfiscationAbstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perlindungan hukum bagi kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan dalam eksekusi boedel pailit saat dihadapkan dengan sita perkara pidana. Kajian ini didasarkan atas hasil kajian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Selama eksekusi boedel pailit, tidak sedikit debitor pailit yang terjerat perkara pidana sehingga mengakibatkan penyitaan secara pidana atas objek hak tanggungan. Lantas pemenuhan hak kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan menjadi terganggu akibat peletakan sita atas objek yang sama, maka dibutuhkan suatu perlindungan hukum yang berkeadilan dan berkemanfaatan dalam rangka mewujudkan kepastian hukum. Berdasarkan hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemenuhan hak eksekusi kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan dalam perkara kepailitan telah dilindungi dalam Pasal 21 Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 1996 tentang Hak Tanggungan atas Tanah beserta Benda-Benda yang berkaitan dengan Tanah dan Pasal 55 Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Namun saat dihadapkan dengan sita perkara pidana, kurator yang melindungi kepentingan kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan dalam rangka mempertahankan hak eksekutorialnya dapat mengajukan gugatan praperadilan untuk mengangkat sita pidana yang terjadi lebih dulu berdasarkan Pasal 82 ayat (1) KUHAP. Apabila sita umum pailit lebih dulu, maka kurator dapat mengajukan gugatan perlawanan pihak ketiga terhadap penyitaan di pengadilan niaga berdasarkan Pasal 3 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004. Kata Kunci: Hak Tanggungan; Kepailitan; Sita Pidana

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The Protection of Property Rights and the Bankruptcy Law

Assessing the Extent of China's Marketization ◽

10.4324/9781315568140-26 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 285-292

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Bankruptcy Law

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The main roles of bankruptcy administrator in Albanian Bankruptcy Law

European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research ◽

10.26417/ejser.v3i1.p127-131 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Erjola Aliaj

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Bankruptcy Law ◽

Effective Mechanism ◽

Financial Difficulties ◽

Legal Relation ◽

Commercial Company ◽

Mandatory Rules ◽

Bankruptcy Procedure ◽

Procedural Rights

The bankruptcy procedure in Albania is governed by Bankruptcy Law No.8901 dated 23 May 2002, as amended. This law establishes non-discriminatory and mandatory rules for the repayment of the obligations by debtors in a bankruptcy procedure and ensures an adequate, reliable and effective mechanism for the reorganization or liquidation of a commercial company that is facing financial difficulties. Moreover, this law intervenes not only in the procedural rights of creditors towards insolvent debtors, but also in the material contractual and property rights of the persons, who had a legal relation with the insolvent debtor before and or/after the bankruptcy procedure has started. The administrator plays a fundamental role in the bankruptcy procedure. The latter is given heuristic, determined, regulatory and managerial powers in Albanian Bankruptcy Law. This paper provides an analysis of the main roles of bankruptcy administrator in Albanian Bankruptcy Law, such as control and distribution of bankruptcy estate, use or disposal of property, role in executor contracts, and contest of transactions.etc.

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