Cooperation Mechanisms of the EU Renewable Energy Directive and Flexible Mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol: Comparison and Lessons Learned

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorian Frieden ◽  
Andreas Tuerk ◽  
Daniel Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Flexible Mechanisms ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Capping the Cost of Compliance with the Kyoto Protocol and Recycling Revenues into Land-Use Projects

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schlamadinger ◽  
Michael Obersteiner ◽  
Axel Michaelowa ◽  
Michael Grubb ◽  
Christian Azar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Fixed Price ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Flexible Mechanisms

There is the concern among some countries that compliance costs with commitments under the Kyoto Protocol may be unacceptably high. There is also the concern that technical difficulties with the inclusion of land use, land-use change, and forestry activities in non-Annex I countries might lead to an effective exclusion of such activities from consideration under the Protocol. This paper is proposing a mechanism that addresses both these concerns. In essence, it is suggested that parties should be able to purchase fixed-price offset certificates if they feel they cannot achieve compliance through other means alone, such as by improved energy efficiency, increased use of renewable energy, or use of the flexible mechanisms in the Kyoto Protocol. These offset certificates would act as a price cap for the cost of compliance for any party to the Protocol. Revenues from purchase of the offset certificates would be directed to forest-based activities in non-Annex I countries such as forest protection that may carry multiple benefits including enhancing net carbon sequestration.

Promoting Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources – Lessons Learned from the EU, United States, and Japan

2008 ◽  
pp. 419-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
REINHARD HAAS ◽  
NIELS I. MEYER ◽  
ANNE HELD ◽  
DOMINIQUE FINON ◽  
ARTURO LORENZONI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals 22.F. Workshop: What makes for resilient health systems? Evidence from the State of Health in the EU country profiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The State ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
New Work ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The European Commission's State of Health in the EU (SoHEU) initiative aims to provide factual, comparative data and insights into health and health systems in EU countries. The resulting Country Health Profiles, published every two years (current editions: November 2019) are the joint work of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and the OECD, in cooperation with the European Commission. They are designed to support the efforts of Member States in their evidence-based policy making and to contribute to health care systems' strengthening. In addition to short syntheses of population health status, determinants of health and the organisation of the health system, the Country Profiles provide an assessment of the health system, looking at its effectiveness, accessibility and resilience. The idea of resilient health systems has been gaining traction among policy makers. The framework developed for the Country Profiles template sets out three dimensions and associated policy strategies and indicators as building blocks for assessing resilience. The framework adopts a broader definition of resilience, covering the ability to respond to extreme shocks as well as measures to address more predictable and chronic health system strains, such as population ageing or multimorbidity. However, the current framework predates the onset of the novel coronavirus pandemic as well as new work on resilience being done by the SoHEU project partners. This workshop aims to present resilience-enhancing strategies and challenges to a wide audience and to explore how using the evidence from the Country Profiles can contribute to strengthening health systems and improving their performance. A brief introduction on the SoHEU initiative will be followed by the main presentation on the analytical framework on resilience used for the Country Profiles. Along with country examples, we will present the wider results of an audit of the most common health system resilience strategies and challenges emerging from the 30 Country Profiles in 2019. A roundtable discussion will follow, incorporating audience contributions online. The Panel will discuss the results on resilience actions from the 2019 Country Profiles evidence, including: Why is resilience important as a practical objective and how is it related to health system strengthening and performance? How can countries use their resilience-related findings to steer national reform efforts? In addition, panellists will outline how lessons learned from country responses to the Covid-19 pandemic and new work on resilience by the Observatory (resilience policy briefs), OECD (2020 Health at a Glance) and the EC (Expert Group on Health Systems Performance Assessment (HSPA) Report on Resilience) can feed in and improve the resilience framework that will be used in the 2021 Country Profiles. Key messages Knowing what makes health systems resilient can improve their performance and ability to meet the current and future needs of their populations. The State of Health in the EU country profiles generate EU-wide evidence on the common resilience challenges facing countries’ health systems and the strategies being employed to address them.

scholarly journals Does the Increase in Renewable Energy Influence GDP Growth? An EU-28 Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4762
Author(s):  
Daniela Nicoleta Sahlian ◽  
Adriana Florina Popa ◽  
Raluca Florentina Creţu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Eu

The aim of our study was to analyze whether the increase in the use of renewable energy can help GDP growth. The research carried out shows that renewable energy has the ability to decrease or neutralize the negative impact of greenhouse gases (GHG), but also to maintain economic growth. We focused our analysis on the EU-28 as we know that the EU Commission’s aim, in the near future, is to join forces to reduce the GHG used and move to renewable sources. We used a panel analysis with data between 2000 and 2019 from all Member States, and our results showed that their economic growth is influenced positively by the production of renewable energy, the GHG per capita, and the GHG intensity per GDP.

scholarly journals Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rokicki ◽  
Aleksandra Perkowska ◽  
Bogdan Klepacki ◽  
Piotr Bórawski ◽  
Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
The Eu

The paper’s main purpose was to identify and present the current situation and changes in energy consumption in agriculture in the European Union (EU) countries. The specific objectives were the determination of the degree of concentration of energy consumption in agriculture in the EU countries, showing the directions of their changes, types of energy used, and changes in this respect, establishing the correlation between energy consumption and changes in the economic and agricultural situation in the EU countries. All member states of the European Union were deliberately selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 countries). The research period covered the years 2005–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, and data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods were used to analyze and present materials, dynamics indicators with a stable base, Gini concentration coefficient, concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A high concentration of energy consumption in agriculture was found in several EU countries, the largest in countries with the largest agricultural sector, i.e., France and Poland. There were practically no changes in the concentration level. Only in the case of renewable energy, a gradual decrease in concentration was visible. More and more countries developed technologies that allow the use of this type of energy. However, the EU countries differed in terms of the structure of the energy sources used. The majority of the basis was liquid fuels, while stable and gaseous fuels were abandoned in favor of electricity and renewable sources—according to which, in the EU countries, the research hypothesis was confirmed: a gradual diversification of energy sources used in agriculture, with a systematic increase in the importance of renewable energy sources. The second research hypothesis was also confirmed, according to which the increase in the consumption of renewable energy in agriculture is closely related to the economy’s parameters. The use of renewable energy is necessary and results from concern for the natural environment. Therefore, economic factors may have a smaller impact.

scholarly journals New Glycerol Upgrading Processes

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Miguel Ladero
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Eu

Energy policies in the US and in the EU during the last decades have been focused on enhanced oil and gas recovery, including the so-called tertiary extraction or enhanced oil recovery (EOR), on one hand, and the development and implementation of renewable energy vectors, on the other, including biofuels as bioethanol (mainly in US and Brazil) and biodiesel (mainly in the EU) [...]

Hazardous Substances in Electronics: The Effects of European Union Risk Regulation on China

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Biedenkopf
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Risk Regulation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Chinese Policy ◽  
The Eu

This article argues that European Union (EU) risk regulation of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) was both a trigger and formative factor in the development of similar Chinese regulation. The attractiveness and global interdependence of the EU market in EEE impelled a response from Chinese policy-makers. Fostering the domestic industry's global competitiveness was one of the driving factors behind Chinese substance restriction regulation. Additionally, symbolic emulation and growing domestic environmental problems related to waste EEE infl uenced the Chinese policy agenda. Chinese substance restriction rules are not, however, a mere copy of EU regulation. The limited domestic capacity of the Chinese economy, administration, and legal structure to adopt policies similar to those of the EU explains, to a large extent, the emergence and partial persistence of differences between EU and Chinese risk regulation. In the course of the implementation and evaluation of Chinese substance restriction regulation, lessons learned from the EU’s experience increasingly contributed to shaping the policy, leading to growing convergence.

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