Learning from Communication Versus Observation: Great Apes Ignore Their Observation When It Contradicts Communicatively Transmitted Information

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Marno ◽  
Christoph Johannes Völter ◽  
Brandon Tinklenberg ◽  
Dan Sperber ◽  
Josep Call
Keyword(s):  
Great Apes ◽  
Transmitted Information

Learning from Communication Versus Observation: Great Apes Ignore Theirobservation When it Contradicts Communicatively Transmitted Information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Marno ◽  
Christoph Johannes Völter ◽  
Brandon Tinklenberg ◽  
Dan Sperber ◽  
Josep Call
Keyword(s):  
Great Apes ◽  
Transmitted Information

Methods non-redundant error-correcting coding of transmitted information and increase levels of confidence at different stages of its transmission and processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
S. S. Kukushkin ◽  
V. V. Kochemasov ◽  
S. V. Lazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Transmitted Information ◽  
Transmission Of Information ◽  
Rate Information ◽  
Technical Measurements

Technical measurements representing a measurement of higher achieved accuracy, are characterized by the fact that we have to deal with unpredictable errors caused by interference. At the same time, there remains the problem of increasing the reliability of received data and results of measurements while continuously increasing demands on transmission rate information and the reliability of the received data. The article presents a new approach to the transmission of information when using non-traditional representations received and transmitted messages.

scholarly journals Experimental evidence for yawn contagion in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy van Berlo ◽  
Alejandra P. Díaz-Loyo ◽  
Oscar E. Juárez-Mora ◽  
Mariska E. Kret ◽  
Jorg J. M. Massen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Pongo Pygmaeus ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Contagious Yawning ◽  
Proximate Mechanism ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Ultimate Causation

AbstractYawning is highly contagious, yet both its proximate mechanism(s) and its ultimate causation remain poorly understood. Scholars have suggested a link between contagious yawning (CY) and sociality due to its appearance in mostly social species. Nevertheless, as findings are inconsistent, CY’s function and evolution remains heavily debated. One way to understand the evolution of CY is by studying it in hominids. Although CY has been found in chimpanzees and bonobos, but is absent in gorillas, data on orangutans are missing despite them being the least social hominid. Orangutans are thus interesting for understanding CY’s phylogeny. Here, we experimentally tested whether orangutans yawn contagiously in response to videos of conspecifics yawning. Furthermore, we investigated whether CY was affected by familiarity with the yawning individual (i.e. a familiar or unfamiliar conspecific and a 3D orangutan avatar). In 700 trials across 8 individuals, we found that orangutans are more likely to yawn in response to yawn videos compared to control videos of conspecifics, but not to yawn videos of the avatar. Interestingly, CY occurred regardless of whether a conspecific was familiar or unfamiliar. We conclude that CY was likely already present in the last common ancestor of humans and great apes, though more converging evidence is needed.

scholarly journals Great apes infer others’ goals based on context

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Buttelmann ◽  
Sebastian Schütte ◽  
Malinda Carpenter ◽  
Josep Call ◽  
Michael Tomasello
Keyword(s):  
Great Apes
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