License to All or Access to All? A Law and Economics Assessment of Standard Development Organizations’ Licensing Rules

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Layne-Farrar ◽  
Richard Stark
Keyword(s):  
Law And Economics ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Standard Development

Standards, the Future, and Designers

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim A. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Variety Of Groups ◽  
The Future ◽  
Standard Development

This paper explores the growing relationship between HCI developers and HCI standards. It includes a comprehensive background of WHO (more than just users and developers), WHAT (there are standards and then there are Standards), WHERE (a variety of HCI standards are coming from a variety of groups), WHEN (standard development takes time), WHY (standards are inevitable). It then discusses HOW these standards will effect HCI developers and in particular the HCI design process and compliance with HCI standards. It concludes with agendas of standard related activities both for HCI standardizers and for HCI development organizations.

scholarly journals Organizational Structure And Standard Development Procedures Of standard Development Organizations——Comparative Research Based On Domestic And Foreign Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 02043
Author(s):  
Zhu Xianghua
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Social Organizations ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Foreign Standard ◽  
National Information ◽  
Standardization Organization ◽  
Standard Development

This paper takes the typical foreign standard development organizations IEEE, ASTM, W3C, and IETF as examples to analyze the characteristics of organizational structure and standard developing procedures. These four organizations are typical representative of foreign SDOs which can be divided into two categories, one is represented by IEEE and ASTM which are legal entities and their standardization organization structure and standard development procedures are relatively fixed. The other is represented by W3C and IETF, which are relatively loose and open and their standardization organizations and standard development process are more flexible. At the same time, this paper also selects the top ten social organizations that are active on the Chinese national information platform of social organization standard. Compared with foreign social organizations, it is found that their standardization organization structures are not transparent enough and too concentrated. It also found that the standard development process of Chinese social organization is relatively simple and lack of innovation.

Licensing Terms for IoT Standard-Setting

2019 ◽  
pp. 204-217
Author(s):  
Matt Heckman
Keyword(s):  
Competition Law ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
End User ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Specific Choice ◽  
Eu Commission ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Standard Development

The development of 5G and IoT standards requires an active participation of small and medium-sized companies (SMEs). These SMEs do not always have the resources and expertise to participate in the work of standard development organizations (SDOs). The valuation of the patents in standards can be based on “license for all” or “end-user” concepts. A specific choice for use-based licensing terms by an SDO might drive SMEs more towards standard-setting in consortia. The chapter will discuss the competition law aspects of both licensing concepts for SMEs and the recent communication in this field by the EU Commission.

scholarly journals Future Direction of IMIA Standardization

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kimura ◽  
S. Ogishima ◽  
A. Shabo ◽  
I. K. Kim ◽  
C. Parisot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Global Alliance ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Health Care Informatics ◽  
Integrating The Healthcare Enterprise ◽  
The Status ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Care Informatics ◽  
Standard Development

Summary Objectives: Standardization in the field of health informatics has increased its importance and global alliance for establishing interoperability and compatibility internationally. Standardization has been organized by standard development organizations (SDOs) such as ISO (International Organization for Standardization), CEN (European Committee for Standardization), IHE (Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise), and HL7 (Health Level 7), etc. This paper reports the status of these SDOs’ activities. Methods: In this workshop, we reviewed the past activities and the current situation of standardization in health care informatics with the standard development organizations such as ISO, CEN, IHE, and HL7. Then we discussed the future direction of standardization in health informatics toward “future medicine” based on standardized technologies. Results: We could share the status of each SDO through exchange of opinions in the workshop. Some WHO members joined our discussion to support this constructive activity. Conclusion: At this meeting, the workshop speakers have been appointed as new members of the IMIA working groups of Standards in Health Care Informatics (WG16). We could reach to the conclusion that we collaborate for the international standardization in health informatics toward “future medicine”.

Governing Standardization through Formal and Informal Standard Development Organizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 18596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Brunswicker ◽  
Jorge Andres Rodriguez ◽  
Jonathan D. Wareham
Keyword(s):  
Development Organizations ◽  
Standard Development

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION AND APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STANDARDS USING KNOWLEDGE GRAPHS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2551-2560
Author(s):  
Janosch Luttmer ◽  
Dominik Ehring ◽  
Robin Pluhnau ◽  
Arun Nagarajah
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Knowledge Graphs ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Current Representation ◽  
Information Objects ◽  
Standard Development

AbstractStandards are an important source of knowledge in product development. Due to the increasing digitization of the product development process, standard development organizations aim to develop machine-actionable standards that automatically enforce operations in output devices. However, the current representation format in PDF or XML does not meet the requirements of machine-actionable standards. This paper examines existing approaches towards the representation of XML data in knowledge graphs and their transferability towards the domain of digital standards. Based on these approaches, the paper aims to develop and validate a concept for transferring standard content from XML format to a graph-based representation, using the example of formulas. For this purpose, a concept for the automatic identification, extraction and modeling of formulas will be presented. Afterwards, the concept is validated using the example of DIN ISO 281 whereas a chatbot application serves as conversational user interface. It is proven, that knowledge graphs are suitable for the representation of machine-actionable standard content. Future work will investigate the abstraction towards a general approach as well as further information objects of standards.

Participation in the Standards Organizations Developing the Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justus Alexander Baron
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Ieee 802.11 ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Patent Policy ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Standard Development

This chapter explores patterns and recent trends in meeting attendance at four standard development organizations (SDO): 3GPP, IETF, IEEE 802.11, and One M2M. Average meeting attendance has slightly increased over the last two decades. It is rare for individuals to attend meetings in different SDOs. IETF has the least attendee overlap with other SDOs and the lowest attendee affiliation concentration. Nevertheless, 3GPP attendance has become more diverse and IETF attendance more concentrated. The affiliations of attendees of 3GPP and IETF have become more similar over time while OneM2M attendance has become more distinct from other SDOs. IEEE 802.11 attendance has become significantly less diverse since 2007. Until 2014, there was a significant convergence with 3GPP. Since 2014, this trend has reversed, and attendance at IEEE 802.11 has become more similar to IETF. The author explores implications of the described evidence for differences between telecommunications and internet standardization, companies' standardization strategies, and consequences of the patent policy change at IEEE.

BOMOS

2012 ◽  
pp. 102-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Folmer
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Activity Model ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Open Standards ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Standard Development

E-Business standards, or standards for interoperability, are developed outside the traditional standard development organizations, often within industry specific domain organizations. These organizations need some guidance in how to develop and manage standards for their specific domain in order to achieve long lasting standards that actually achieve interoperability between organizations. The Dutch government, together with the standards community, decided to publish a tool called BOMOS for giving guidance to the management and development of open standards. BOMOS is not profoundly grounded on scientific evidence, but it builds on the best practices already used in domain standardization. This chapter will present two highlights of BOMOS: the activity model for management of standardization, and a development approach for standards.

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