Resistance and Resilience of Bacterial Communities in Response to Multiple Disturbances Due to Climate Change

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraful Haque Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Multiple Disturbances

Symbiotic bacteria of helminths: what role may they play in ecosystems under anthropogenic stress?

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Anthropogenic Stress ◽  
Similar Function ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats

AbstractSymbiotic bacteria are a common feature of many animals, particularly invertebrates, from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. These bacteria have increasingly been recognized as performing an important role in maintaining invertebrate health. Both ecto- and endoparasitic helminths have also been found to harbour a range of bacterial species which provide a similar function. The part symbiotic bacteria play in sustaining homeostasis of free-living invertebrates exposed to anthropogenic pressure (climate change, pollution), and the consequences to invertebrate populations when their symbionts succumb to poor environmental conditions, are increasingly important areas of research. Helminths are also susceptible to environmental stress and their symbiotic bacteria may be a key aspect of their responses to deteriorating conditions. This article summarizes the ecophysiological relationship helminths have with symbiotic bacteria and the role they play in maintaining a healthy parasite and the relevance of specific changes that occur in free-living invertebrate–bacteria interactions under anthropogenic pressure to helminths and their bacterial communities. It also discusses the importance of understanding the mechanistic sensitivity of helminth–bacteria relationships to environmental stress for comprehending the responses of parasites to challenging conditions.

scholarly journals Corrigendum: Effects of Organic Pollutants on Bacterial Communities Under Future Climate Change Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjo Rodríguez ◽  
Christine M. J. Gallampois ◽  
Sari Timonen ◽  
Agneta Andersson ◽  
Hanna Sinkko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios

scholarly journals Characterization of atmospheric bioaerosols along the transport pathway of Asian dust during the Dust-Bioaerosol 2016 Campaign

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Tang ◽  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
Teruya Maki ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Dust Clouds ◽  
Airborne Microbes ◽  
Dust Events

Abstract. Previous studies have shown that bioaerosols are injected into the atmosphere during dust events. These bioaerosols may affect leeward ecosystems, human health and agricultural productivity and may even induce climate change. However, bioaerosol dynamics have rarely been investigated along the transport pathway of Asian dust, especially in China, where dust events affect huge areas and massive numbers of people. Given this situation, the Dust-Bioaerosol (DuBi) Campaign was carried out over northern China, and the effects of dust events on the amount and diversity of bioaerosols were investigated. The results indicate that the number of bacteria showed remarkable increases during the dust events, and the diversity of the bacterial communities also increased significantly, as determined by means of microscopic observations with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and MiSeq sequencing analysis. These results indicate that dust clouds can carry many bacteria of various types into downwind regions and may have potentially important impacts on ecological environments and climate change. The abundances of DAPI-stained bacteria in the dust samples were one to two orders of magnitude greater than those in the non-dust samples and reached 105 ~ 106 particles m−3. Moreover, the charge capacity of yellow fluorescent particles associated with the DAPI-stained bacteria increased from 5.1 % ± 6.3 % (non-dust samples) to 9.8 % ± 6.3 % (dust samples). A beta diversity analysis of the bacterial communities demonstrated the distinct clustering of separate prokaryotic communities in the dust and non-dust samples. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria remained the dominant phyla in all samples. As for Erenhot, the relative amounts of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi have a remarkable rise in dust events. Alphaproteobacteria made the major contribution of the increasing relative amounts of the phylum proteobacteria in all dust samples. In the future, the viability and activity of airborne microbes, the interactions between bioaerosols and other gaseous and solid components in the air, and the effects of bioaerosols on animals and plants, ecological environments and the climate system must be studied in depth to help us understand the behavior of bioaerosols in the air and dust clouds in greater detail.

scholarly journals Convergency and Stability Responses of Bacterial Communities to Salinization in Arid and Semiarid Areas: Implications for Global Climate Change in Lake Ecosystems

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hu ◽  
Xingyu Jiang ◽  
Keqiang Shao ◽  
Xiangming Tang ◽  
Boqiang Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Path Distance ◽  
Semiarid Areas ◽  
Arid And Semiarid Areas ◽  
Time Substitution ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

Climate change has given rise to salinization and nutrient enrichment in lake ecosystems of arid and semiarid areas, which have posed the bacterial communities not only into an ecotone in lake ecosystems but also into an assemblage of its own unique biomes. However, responses of bacterial communities to climate-related salinization and nutrient enrichment remain unclear. In September 2019, this study scrutinized the turnover of bacterial communities along gradients of increasing salinity and nutrient by a space-for-time substitution in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. We find that salinization rather than nutrient enrichment primarily alters bacterial communities. The homogenous selection of salinization leads to convergent response of bacterial communities, which is revealed by the combination of a decreasing β-nearest taxon index (βNTI) and a pronounced negative correlation between niche breadth and salinity. Furthermore, interspecific interactions within bacterial communities significantly differed among distinct salinity levels. Specifically, mutualistic interactions showed an increase along the salinization. In contrast, topological parameters show hump-shaped curves (average degree and density) and sunken curves (modularity, density, and average path distance), the extremums of which all appear in the high-brackish environment, hinting that bacterial communities are comparatively stable at freshwater and brine environments but are unstable in moderately high-brackish lake.

scholarly journals Soil bacterial community and functional shifts in response to altered snowpack in moist acidic tundra of northern Alaska

SOIL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Ricketts ◽  
Rachel S. Poretsky ◽  
Jeffrey M. Welker ◽  
Miquel A. Gonzalez-Meler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract. Soil microbial communities play a central role in the cycling of carbon (C) in Arctic tundra ecosystems, which contain a large portion of the global C pool. Climate change predictions for Arctic regions include increased temperature and precipitation (i.e. more snow), resulting in increased winter soil insulation, increased soil temperature and moisture, and shifting plant community composition. We utilized an 18-year snow fence study site designed to examine the effects of increased winter precipitation on Arctic tundra soil bacterial communities within the context of expected ecosystem response to climate change. Soil was collected from three pre-established treatment zones representing varying degrees of snow accumulation, where deep snow  ∼ 100 % and intermediate snow  ∼ 50 % increased snowpack relative to the control, and low snow ∼ 25 % decreased snowpack relative to the control. Soil physical properties (temperature, moisture, active layer thaw depth) were measured, and samples were analysed for C concentration, nitrogen (N) concentration, and pH. Soil microbial community DNA was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to reveal phylogenetic community differences between samples and determine how soil bacterial communities might respond (structurally and functionally) to changes in winter precipitation and soil chemistry. We analysed relative abundance changes of the six most abundant phyla (ranging from 82 to 96 % of total detected phyla per sample) and found four (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Chloroflexi) responded to deepened snow. All six phyla correlated with at least one of the soil chemical properties (% C, % N, C : N, pH); however, a single predictor was not identified, suggesting that each bacterial phylum responds differently to soil characteristics. Overall, bacterial community structure (beta diversity) was found to be associated with snow accumulation treatment and all soil chemical properties. Bacterial functional potential was inferred using ancestral state reconstruction to approximate functional gene abundance, revealing a decreased abundance of genes required for soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition in the organic layers of the deep snow accumulation zones. These results suggest that predicted climate change scenarios may result in altered soil bacterial community structure and function, and indicate a reduction in decomposition potential, alleviated temperature limitations on extracellular enzymatic efficiency, or both. The fate of stored C in Arctic soils ultimately depends on the balance between these mechanisms.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Physical Disturbance Manipulations Result in Distinct Biological Soil Crust Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (21) ◽  
pp. 7448-7459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaire Steven ◽  
Cheryl R. Kuske ◽  
La Verne Gallegos-Graves ◽  
Sasha C. Reed ◽  
Jayne Belnap
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBiological soil crusts (biocrusts) colonize plant interspaces in many drylands and are critical to soil nutrient cycling. Multiple climate change and land use factors have been shown to detrimentally impact biocrusts on a macroscopic (i.e., visual) scale. However, the impact of these perturbations on the bacterial components of the biocrusts remains poorly understood. We employed multiple long-term field experiments to assess the impacts of chronic physical (foot trampling) and climatic changes (2°C soil warming, altered summer precipitation [wetting], and combined warming and wetting) on biocrust bacterial biomass, composition, and metabolic profile. The biocrust bacterial communities adopted distinct states based on the mechanism of disturbance. Chronic trampling decreased biomass and caused small community compositional changes. Soil warming had little effect on biocrust biomass or composition, while wetting resulted in an increase in the cyanobacterial biomass and altered bacterial composition. Warming combined with wetting dramatically altered bacterial composition and decreasedCyanobacteriaabundance. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing identified four functional gene categories that differed in relative abundance among the manipulations, suggesting that climate and land use changes affected soil bacterial functional potential. This study illustrates that different types of biocrust disturbance damage biocrusts in macroscopically similar ways, but they differentially impact the resident soil bacterial communities, and the communities' functional profiles can differ depending on the disturbance type. Therefore, the nature of the perturbation and the microbial response are important considerations for management and restoration of drylands.

scholarly journals On a Reef Far, Far Away: Anthropogenic Impacts Following Extreme Storms Affect Sponge Health and Bacterial Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Shore ◽  
Jordan A. Sims ◽  
Michael Grimes ◽  
Lauren I. Howe-Kerr ◽  
Carsten G. B. Grupstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Benthic Organisms ◽  
Severe Storms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Offshore Reef

Terrestrial runoff can negatively impact marine ecosystems through stressors including excess nutrients, freshwater, sediments, and contaminants. Severe storms, which are increasing with global climate change, generate massive inputs of runoff over short timescales (hours to days); such runoff impacted offshore reefs in the northwest Gulf of Mexico (NW GoM) following severe storms in 2016 and 2017. Several weeks after coastal flooding from these events, NW GoM reef corals, sponges, and other benthic invertebrates ∼185 km offshore experienced mortality (2016 only) and/or sub-lethal stress (both years). To assess the impact of storm-derived runoff on reef filter feeders, we characterized the bacterial communities of two sponges, Agelas clathrodes and Xestospongia muta, from offshore reefs during periods of sub-lethal stress and no stress over a three-year period (2016—2018). Sponge-associated and seawater-associated bacterial communities were altered during both flood years. Additionally, we found evidence of wastewater contamination (based on 16S rRNA gene libraries and quantitative PCR) in offshore sponge samples, but not in seawater samples, following these flood years. Signs of wastewater contamination were absent during the no-flood year. We show that flood events from severe storms have the capacity to reach offshore reef ecosystems and impact resident benthic organisms. Such impacts are most readily detected if baseline data on organismal physiology and associated microbiome composition are available. This highlights the need for molecular and microbial time series of benthic organisms in near- and offshore reef ecosystems, and the continued mitigation of stormwater runoff and climate change impacts.

Inconsistent effects of nitrogen canopy enrichment and soil warming on black spruce epiphytic phyllosphere bacterial communities, taxa, and functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Khlifa ◽  
Daniel Houle ◽  
Hubert Morin ◽  
Steven Kembel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Soil Warming

Phyllosphere microbial communities have received considerable attention given their important influence on their plant hosts and on ecosystem functioning. In a context where climate change threatens the sustainability of ecosystems, it is important to understand how phyllosphere microbes will respond to changes in their environment. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to quantify phyllosphere bacterial communities of black spruce exposed to nitrogen canopy enrichment and soil warming in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. The treatments were applied from April to September 2015 and the sampling was done in September. Neither treatment influenced the overall community structure and diversity of black spruce phyllosphere bacterial communities. However, some bacterial taxa and inferred microbial functions did differ among treatments, revealing in particular a stronger response of some bacteria to soil warming rather than nitrogen enrichment. Our results suggest that soil warming could potentially induce more changes in phyllosphere bacterial taxa abundances and functions than nitrogen addition, with potential consequences for microbial diversity and boreal forest ecosystem function under likely climate change scenarios. Our study suggests avenues for further research to integrate a more mechanistic understanding of the importance of phyllosphere microbes for black spruce and boreal forest ecosystems.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Pollutants on Bacterial Communities Under Future Climate Change Scenarios

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjo Rodríguez ◽  
Christine M. J. Gallampois ◽  
Sari Timonen ◽  
Agneta Andersson ◽  
Hanna Sinkko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios

scholarly journals Characterization of atmospheric bioaerosols along the transport pathway of Asian dust during the Dust-Bioaerosol 2016 Campaign

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 7131-7148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Tang ◽  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
Teruya Maki ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Dust Aerosol ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Surface Sand ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Dust Events

Abstract. Previous studies have shown that bioaerosols are injected into the atmosphere during dust events. These bioaerosols may affect leeward ecosystems, human health, and agricultural productivity and may even induce climate change. However, bioaerosol dynamics have rarely been investigated along the transport pathway of Asian dust, especially in China where dust events affect huge areas and massive numbers of people. Given this situation, the Dust-Bioaerosol (DuBi) Campaign was carried out over northern China, and the effects of dust events on the amount and diversity of bioaerosols were investigated. The results indicate that the number of bacteria showed remarkable increases during the dust events, and the diversity of the bacterial communities also increased significantly, as determined by means of microscopic observations with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and MiSeq sequencing analysis. These results indicate that dust clouds can carry many bacteria of various types into downwind regions and may have potentially important impacts on ecological environments and climate change. The abundances of DAPI-stained bacteria in the dust samples were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude greater than those in the non-dust samples and reached 105–106 particles m−3. Moreover, the concentration ratios of DAPI-stained bacteria to yellow fluorescent particles increased from 5.1 % ± 6.3 % (non-dust samples) to 9.8 % ± 6.3 % (dust samples). A beta diversity analysis of the bacterial communities demonstrated the distinct clustering of separate prokaryotic communities in the dust and non-dust samples. Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria remained the dominant phyla in all samples. As for Erenhot, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi had a remarkable rise in dust events. In contrast, the relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi in non-dust samples of R-DzToUb were greater than those in dust samples. Alphaproteobacteria made the major contribution to the increasing relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria in all dust samples. The relative abundance of Firmicutes did not exceed 5 % in all the air samples, even though it is the predominant phylum in the surface sand samples from the Gobi Desert. These results illustrate that the bacterial community contained in dust aerosol samples has a different pattern compared with non-dust aerosol samples, and the relative abundances of airborne bacteria are different from those in the surface sand or soil and differ by location and transmitting vector.

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