The Impact of Credit Constraints on Tradable and Non-Tradable R&D Investments in Portugal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Credit Constraints ◽  
The Impact

Capital and credit constraints in the engagement of youth in Ghanaian agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martinson Ankrah Twumasi ◽  
Yuansheng Jiang ◽  
Monica Owusu Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Switching Regression ◽  
Credit Constraint ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Application Procedure ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors influencing rural youth farmers’ credit constraints status and the effect of credit constraint on the intensity of participation of these farmers in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The econometric estimation is based on cross-sectional data collected in 2018 from the Brong Ahafo region in Ghana. The sample data set consists of 450 rural youth farmers. The collected data were analyzed through different econometric techniques, using the endogenous switching regression model (ERSM). Findings The direct elicitation approach employed in this study revealed that out of the 450 farmers, 211 (47 percent) of the respondents were credit constrained compared to 239 (53 percent) of their counterparts who were unconstrained. The ERSM indicated that youth farmers education, age, savings, parents occupation reduced the probability of the rural youth farmer to be credit constrained but cumbersome loan application procedure and loan disbursement time positively affect credit constraint. Moreover, farmers that are credit constrained have lower intensity of participation in agriculture activities than a random farmer from the sample. This suggests that access to credit has a positive impact on the intensity of participation in agriculture activities. Research limitations/implications In this study, only rural youth farmers in a particular region were considered. However, there are youths all over the nation. Therefore, future researchers could consider other youth’s farmers elsewhere in the country. Originality/value Although existing studies have examined rural youth farmers’ participation in agriculture and credit constraint separately, the unique contribution of this paper is the analysis of credit constraint of rural youth farmers as well as the impact of credit constraint on the intensity of participation in agriculture activities.

scholarly journals The Impact of Banking Competition on Firm Credit Risk and Leverage

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110615
Author(s):  
Chengxiao Feng ◽  
Zhubo Li ◽  
Zhen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Default Risk ◽  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Contingent Claims ◽  
Claims Analysis ◽  
Banking Competition ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Contingent Claims Analysis ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Default Risks ◽  
The Impact

A firm’s default risk is closely related to its macrofinancial stability. As financial reform deepens, banking competition may ease firms’ credit constraints, encouraging them to increase their leverage and default risks. This study uses contingent claims analysis to examine firms’ asset–liability ratio and default distance. We find that companies have low leverage and low overall default risks. Moreover, a pro-cyclical effect exists between leverage and economic growth. As banking competition becomes more intense, the default risk decreases, but firms’ leverage ratio rises significantly. The impact is more prominent for highly leveraged firms. Our findings also indicate that utilizing the contingent claims analysis method to measure firms’ leverage and default risks provides more accurate results. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence of the impact of banking competition on firms’ leverage and credit risks. The results suggest that enhancing financial competition has a positive effect on easing credit constraints and reducing default risks.

scholarly journals Research on the Impact of Relationship Networks on Farmers’ Formal Credit Constraints: The Case of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun-song Chen ◽  
Bi-Lin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Credit Constraint ◽  
Constraint Function ◽  
Relationship Networks ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Relationship Network ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the survey data of Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, this paper uses the Heckman two-stage model to construct a credit constraint function without selection bias, and explores the relationship between the scale and quality of the relationship network and the credit constraints of rural households. Research shows that the scale of the relationship network is affected adversely by urbanization and networking, having a weaker impact on the formal credit constraints of rural households. The quality of the relationship networks can improve farmers’ awareness of formal credit, reduce transaction exposure, regulate farmers’ behavior and act as a “guarantee”, thereby effectively alleviating farmers’ formal credit constraints. At the same time, the relationship network of farmers is gradually becoming more structured, where farmers' social interests are becoming more purposeful. Additionally, formal financial institutions have set a threshold for farmers’ credit, which requires a certain amount of securities for money.

The Impact of Credit Constraint on Agricultural Productivity - Evidence from Less Developed Province of Jiangxi in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 1664-1669
Author(s):  
Chang Sheng Li ◽  
Wen Qi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Credit Constraint ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The primary objective of this paper is to explore how formal credit constraints affect farmers’ efficiency by the 743 random farmer samples from Jiangxi province in China. The statistic analyses of their individual characteristic, together with the inputs and outputs of their production shows that the constrained value of the production of the credit is RMB 563.2 yuan which is RMB 190 yuan less than those who are not credit constrained. The samples are divided into two groups, the one group with farmers who have been constrained by the formal credit while the other has not. The empirical results of the stochastic frontier production functions show that the agricultural production efficiency is not only affected by the labor and land, but also associated with the formal credit constraints. The results also reveal that efficiency loss of the credit constrained farmers is 17.8% higher than those of the unconstrained farmers. By doing this research, we have got evidence which clearly shows that formal credit constraints do distort the agricultural inputs, and by alleviating formal credit constraint, it is greatly helpful to improve the efficiency of agricultural production.

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