Interleukin-20 Bidirectionally Regulates Osteoclast Survival, Apoptosis, Differentiation and Function Through the TRAF6-Mediated NF-κB, MAPK and AKT Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Meng ◽  
Lei Gan ◽  
Dongle Wu ◽  
Yangfan Cheng ◽  
Yuanbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
And Function ◽  
Osteoclast Survival

Biological role of AKT, and regulation of AKT signaling pathway by thymoquinone: perspectives in cancer therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Junaid ◽  
Yeasmin Akter ◽  
Syeda Samira Afrose ◽  
Mousumi Tania ◽  
Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Akt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Anti Cancer

Background: AKT/PKB is an important enzyme with numerous biological functions, and its overexpression is related to the carcinogenesis. AKT stimulates different signaling pathways that are downstream of activated tyrosine kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, hence functions as an important target for anti-cancer drugs. Objective: In this review article, we have interpreted the role of AKT signaling pathways in cancer and natural inhibitory effect of Thymoquinone (TQ) in AKT and its possible mechanism. Method: We have collected the updated information and data on AKT, their role in cancer and inhibitory effect of TQ in AKT signaling pathway from google scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, Scopus and many more. Results: There are many drugs already developed, which can target AKT, but very few among them have passed clinical trials. TQ is a natural compound, mainly found in black cumin, which has been found to have potential anti-cancer activities. TQ targets numerous signaling pathways, including AKT, in different cancers. In fact, many studies revealed that AKT is one of the major targets of TQ. The preclinical success of TQ suggests its clinical studies on cancer. Conclusion: This review article summarizes the role of AKT in carcinogenesis, its potent inhibitors in clinical trials, and how TQ acts as an inhibitor of AKT and TQ’s future as a cancer therapeutic drug.

scholarly journals Akt signaling is activated by TGFβ2 and impacts tenogenic induction of mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia K. Theodossiou ◽  
Jett B. Murray ◽  
LeeAnn A. Hold ◽  
Jeff M. Courtright ◽  
Anne M. Carper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Akt Inhibitor ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation

Abstract Background Tissue engineered and regenerative approaches for treating tendon injuries are challenged by the limited information on the cellular signaling pathways driving tenogenic differentiation of stem cells. Members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) β family, particularly TGFβ2, play a role in tenogenesis, which may proceed via Smad-mediated signaling. However, recent evidence suggests some aspects of tenogenesis may be independent of Smad signaling, and other pathways potentially involved in tenogenesis are understudied. Here, we examined the role of Akt/mTORC1/P70S6K signaling in early TGFβ2-induced tenogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and evaluated TGFβ2-induced tenogenic differentiation when Smad3 is inhibited. Methods Mouse MSCs were treated with TGFβ2 to induce tenogenesis, and Akt or Smad3 signaling was chemically inhibited using the Akt inhibitor, MK-2206, or the Smad3 inhibitor, SIS3. Effects of TGFβ2 alone and in combination with these inhibitors on the activation of Akt signaling and its downstream targets mTOR and P70S6K were quantified using western blot analysis, and cell morphology was assessed using confocal microscopy. Levels of the tendon marker protein, tenomodulin, were also assessed. Results TGFβ2 alone activated Akt signaling during early tenogenic induction. Chemically inhibiting Akt prevented increases in tenomodulin and attenuated tenogenic morphology of the MSCs in response to TGFβ2. Chemically inhibiting Smad3 did not prevent tenogenesis, but appeared to accelerate it. MSCs treated with both TGFβ2 and SIS3 produced significantly higher levels of tenomodulin at 7 days and morphology appeared tenogenic, with localized cell alignment and elongation. Finally, inhibiting Smad3 did not appear to impact Akt signaling, suggesting that Akt may allow TGFβ2-induced tenogenesis to proceed during disruption of Smad3 signaling. Conclusions These findings show that Akt signaling plays a role in TGFβ2-induced tenogenesis and that tenogenesis of MSCs can be initiated by TGFβ2 during disruption of Smad3 signaling. These findings provide new insights into the signaling pathways that regulate tenogenic induction in stem cells.

scholarly journals Retraction Note: Chemopreventive Potential of Resveratrol in Mouse Skin Tumors Through Regulation of Mitochondrial and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-375
Author(s):  
Preeti Roy ◽  
Neetu Kalra ◽  
Sahdeo Prasad ◽  
Jasmine George ◽  
Yogeshwer Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Skin Tumors

Brown alga Ecklonia cava attenuates type 1 diabetes by activating AMPK and Akt signaling pathways

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changkeun Kang ◽  
Yeung Bae Jin ◽  
Hyunkyoung Lee ◽  
Mijin Cha ◽  
Eun-tae Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Brown Alga ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Ecklonia Cava

scholarly journals Veratrilla baillonii Franch exerts anti-diabetic activity and improves liver injury through IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in type 2 diabetic db/db mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 104204
Author(s):  
Cai-Jing He ◽  
Li-Qun Ma ◽  
Muhammad Sarfaraz Iqbal ◽  
Xian-Ju Huang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Activation of adenosine A1receptor-induced neural stem cell proliferation via MEK/ERK and Akt signaling pathways

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (13) ◽  
pp. 2820-2828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Migita ◽  
Katsuya Kominami ◽  
Mami Higashida ◽  
Rumi Maruyama ◽  
Nobuko Tuchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Neural Stem Cell ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Neural Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Induced Neural Stem Cell

ribbon encodes a novel BTB/POZ protein required for directed cell migration in Drosophila melanogaster

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (15) ◽  
pp. 3001-3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Bradley ◽  
Deborah J. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Directed Cell Migration ◽  
Posterior Migration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dorsal Epidermis ◽  
Anterior Posterior

During development, directed cell migration is crucial for achieving proper shape and function of organs. One well-studied example is the embryonic development of the larval tracheal system of Drosophila, in which at least four signaling pathways coordinate cell migration to form an elaborate branched network essential for oxygen delivery throughout the larva. FGF signaling is required for guided migration of all tracheal branches, whereas the DPP, EGF receptor, and Wingless/WNT signaling pathways each mediate the formation of specific subsets of branches. Here, we characterize ribbon, which encodes a BTB/POZ-containing protein required for specific tracheal branch migration. In ribbon mutant tracheae, the dorsal trunk fails to form, and ventral branches are stunted; however, directed migrations of the dorsal and visceral branches are largely unaffected. The dorsal trunk also fails to form when FGF or Wingless/WNT signaling is lost, and we show that ribbon functions downstream of, or parallel to, these pathways to promote anterior-posterior migration. Directed cell migration of the salivary gland and dorsal epidermis are also affected in ribbon mutants, suggesting that conserved mechanisms may be employed to orient cell migrations in multiple tissues during development.

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