Technological Opportunity, Technological Leadership Change, and Latecomers’ R&D Resource Allocation between Innovation and Imitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungyong Chang ◽  
Hyunseob Kim ◽  
Jaeyong Song ◽  
Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Technological Opportunity ◽  
Leadership Change ◽  
Technological Leadership

scholarly journals Dynamics of Imitation versus Innovation in Technological Leadership Change: Latecomers’ Catch-up Strategies in Diverse Technological Regimes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungyong Chang ◽  
Hyunseob Kim ◽  
Jaeyong Song ◽  
Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Leadership Change ◽  
Technological Regimes ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Technological Leadership ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Technology Level

We examine the role of latecomers’ optimal resource allocation between innovation and imitation in latecomers’ catch-up under diverse technological regimes. Building on Nelson and Winter (1982), we develop computational models of technological leadership change. The results suggest that one-sided dependency upon either imitation or innovation deters technological leadership change. At an early stage with low-level technologies, latecomers should focus on imitation; then, as the technological gap decreases, they should allocate more R&D resource to innovation. We also examine the role of several variables, such as appropriability, cumulativeness, and cycle time of technologies (CTT), as related to technological regimes. The simulation results show that while low appropriability tends to increase the probability of technological leadership change, it makes imitation a more e˙ective strategy compared to innovation; in addition, while a higher level of cumulativeness tends to reduce the probability of leadership change, it makes imitation a more valuable option because innovation becomes more diÿcult for latecomers. We also find an inverted U-shaped relationship between the CTT and the probability of technological leadership change. When the CTT is short, it makes sense for latecomers to allocate more resources to imitation, especially when their technology level is initially low.

The Effects of Organizational Change on Students' Emotions

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Nada Rahmawati ◽  
Saodah Wok
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Emotional Contagion ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
Leadership Change ◽  
Technological Leadership

Objective - This study aims to examine the effects of perception on technological change, leadership change and structural change towards students' emotions; and to analyze the mediating effect of experience on perception towards emotion resulting from organizational changes. Using the Theory of Emotional Contagion (Hatfield, Cacioppo & Rapson, 1993), organizational change can produce a number of positive and negative emotional responses that can be transferred to others. Methodology/Technique - The study employs the quantitative research design using the survey method with the self-administered questionnaire. A total of 223 respondents were identified among the undergraduate students at a faculty in a public university who have faced organizational changes (technological, leadership and structural). Findings - The results reveal that perceptions of technology, leadership and structural changes are found to have moderate effects on students' emotions. However, experiences of change partially mediate students' emotion and perception of technological, leadership and structural changes. Experience with organizational changes affects students' emotions badly. Novelty - The implications of the Emotional Contagion Theory holds true for organizational changes as the hypotheses are supported. Students' emotions are equally important to be considered before applying any change to any academic institution. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: Emotional Contagion Theory; Emotional Effect; Leadership Change; Structural Change; Technological Change. JEL Classification: I21, O33.

Imitation to Innovation: Late Movers’ Catch-up Strategy and Technological Leadership Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
pp. 14403
Author(s):  
Sungyong Chang ◽  
Hyunseob Kim ◽  
Jaeyong Song ◽  
Keun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Change ◽  
Technological Leadership ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Late Movers

Folk-economic beliefs as moral intuitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Moral Intuitions ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Evolutionary Explanations

AbstractAlthough Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) cataloguing of and evolutionary explanations for folk-economic beliefs is important and valuable, the authors fail to connect their theories to existing explanations for why people do not think like economists. For instance, people often have moral intuitions akin to principles of fairness and justice that conflict with utilitarian approaches to resource allocation.

Mother or Wife?

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phia S. Salter ◽  
Glenn Adams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Church Membership ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Psychology Perspective ◽  
Cultural Ecological

Inspired by “Mother or Wife” African dilemma tales, the present research utilizes a cultural psychology perspective to explore the dynamic, mutual constitution of personal relationship tendencies and cultural-ecological affordances for neoliberal subjectivity and abstracted independence. We administered a resource allocation task in Ghana and the United States to assess the prioritization of conjugal/nuclear relationships over consanguine/kin relationships along three dimensions of sociocultural variation: nation (American and Ghanaian), residence (urban and rural), and church membership (Pentecostal Charismatic and Traditional Western Mission). Results show that tendencies to prioritize nuclear over kin relationships – especially spouses over parents – were greater among participants in the first compared to the second of each pair. Discussion considers issues for a cultural psychology of cultural dynamics.

Application of Information Introduced to Dynamic Message Processing and Enjoyment

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungho Park ◽  
Rachel L. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Message Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Resource ◽  
Cognitive Overload

Abstract. In an effort to quantify message complexity in such a way that predictions regarding the moment-to-moment cognitive and emotional processing of viewers would be made, Lang and her colleagues devised the coding system information introduced (or ii). This coding system quantifies the number of structural features that are known to consume cognitive resources and considers it in combination with the number of camera changes (cc) in the video, which supply additional cognitive resources owing to their elicitation of an orienting response. This study further validates ii using psychophysiological responses that index cognitive resource allocation and recognition memory. We also pose two novel hypotheses regarding the confluence of controlled and automatic processing and the effect of cognitive overload on enjoyment of messages. Thirty television advertisements were selected from a pool of 172 (all 20 s in length) based on their ii/cc ratio and ratings for their arousing content. Heart rate change over time showed significant deceleration (indicative of increased cognitive resource allocation) for messages with greater ii/cc ratios. Further, recognition memory worsened as ii/cc increased. It was also found that message complexity increases both automatic and controlled allocations to processing, and that the most complex messages may have created a state of cognitive overload, which was received as enjoyable by the participants in this television context.

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