scholarly journals Is the Public Investment Multiplier Higher in Developing Countries? An Empirical Exploration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Izquierdo ◽  
Ruy Lama ◽  
Juan Medina ◽  
Jorge Puig ◽  
Daniel Riera-Crichton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Multiplier

scholarly journals Is the Public Investment Multiplier Higher in Developing Countries? An Empirical Investigation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Izquierdo ◽  
Ruy Lama ◽  
Juan Pablo Medina ◽  
Jorge Puig ◽  
Daniel Riera-Crichton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Multiplier

scholarly journals Is the Private Sector more Productive than the Public Sector?

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4II) ◽  
pp. 721-729
Author(s):  
Khwaja Sarmad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

In developing countries the rapid growth of the public sector during the past few decades was viewed as an important means for accelerating the pace of economic growth. In most developing countries the public sector now accounts for a prominent share of total production and investment. But the contribution of the public sector to growth has been much below expectations. In many cases public enterprises require large subsidies from the government and impose a significant fiscal burden on the economy, which leads to the notion that the private sector is much more productive than the public sector. However, little empirical work has been done in this field so that the proposals that emphasize the private sector vis-a-vis the public sector rest largely on theoretical considerations. Recent work by Khan and Reinhart (1990) is an important exception. Using cross-section data for the seventies of 24 developing countries they show that the arguments favouring the private sector in adjustment programmes have empirical support. Khan and Reinhart estimate a growth model in which the effect of private and public investment on growth is separated. A comparison of the marginal productivities of the two types of investment allows them to conclude that "all in all, there does seem to be some merit in the key role assigned to private investment in the development process by supporters of market -based strategies". [Khan and Reinhart (1990), p. 25.]

scholarly journals Scenario assessment of fiscal pro-investment expansion in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Serhij SHVETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Fiscal Multiplier ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Scenario Assessment ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Investment Multiplier ◽  
Significant Factors

The article identifies the role and place of public investment as one of the significant factors of growth. As a high value of fiscal multiplier, public investment is an effective countercyclical measure to restore economic growth. The goal of the study was to estimate the aftereffect of fiscal pro-investment expansion in Ukraine without increasing the debt burden. The monetary sector should support the increased public investment financed through the domestic government borrowing by expanding the money supply at a rate exceeding the debt growth to minimize the crowding-out effect and support the real sector’s demand for credits. According to the scenario results, the limit of increased public investment in Ukraine compared to the reported data without increased debt burden during the relatively stable 2016?2019 could be 11-19%. The short-term effect of implementing such fiscal pro-investment expansion provided an additional increase in GDP by 1.3-1.8%. Every UAH borrowed by the state and directed to capital investment could add more than 4 UAH of product annually in 2017?2019, which corresponded with the public investment multiplier equal to 1.1. These growth targets may be more significant during COVID-19 crisis, as the fiscal multiplier is usually higher in recessions. Since the indicated growth rates depend on the selected strategic priorities for capital investment in facilities with the highest return, the obtained results assume the development of additional volumes of public investment in the most efficient way providing the expanding of aggregate supply in the longer term.

scholarly journals Is the Public Investment Multiplier Higher in Developing Countries? An Empirical Exploration

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (289) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Izquierdo ◽  
Ruy Lama ◽  
Juan Medina ◽  
Jorge Puig ◽  
Daniel Riera-Crichton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Theoretical Implication ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Size Of Government ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Robust Evidence

Over the last decade, empirical studies analyzing macroeconomic conditions that may affect the size of government spending multipliers have flourished. Yet, in spite of their obvious public policy importance, little is known about public investment multipliers. In particular, the clear theoretical implication that public investment multipliers should be higher (lower) the lower (higher) is the initial stock of public capital has not, to the best of our knowledge, been tested. This paper tackles this empirical challenge and finds robust evidence in favor of the above hypothesis: countries with a low initial stock of public capital (as a proportion of GDP) have significantly higher public investment multipliers than countries with a high initial stock of public capital. This key finding seems robust to the sample (European countries, U.S. states, and Argentine provinces) and to the identification method (Blanchard-Perotti, forecast errors, and instrumental variables). Our results thus suggest that public investment in developing countries would carry high returns.

Evaluation of the impact of public investment programs on social and economic performance of territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 109-123
Author(s):  
I. E. Limonov ◽  
M. V. Nesena
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Regional Investment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Institution

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public investment programs on the socio-economic development of territories. As a case, the federal target programs for the development of regions and investment programs of the financial development institution — Vnesheconombank, designed to solve the problems of regional development are considered. The impact of the public interventions were evaluated by the “difference in differences” method using Bayesian modeling. The results of the evaluation suggest the positive impact of federal target programs on the total factor productivity of regions and on innovation; and that regional investment programs of Vnesheconombank are improving the export activity. All of the investments considered are likely to have contributed to the reduction of unemployment, but their implementation has been accompanied by an increase in social inequality.

E-Projects Challenges in India – Role of Human Resource Management and Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Ramnik Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Approaches

E-governance is a paradigm shift over the traditional approaches in Public Administration which means rendering of government services and information to the public by using electronic means. In the past decades, service quality and responsiveness of the government towards the citizens were least important but with the approach of E-Government the government activities are now well dealt. This paper withdraws experiences from various studies from different countries and projects facing similar challenges which need to be consigned for the successful implementation of e-governance projects. Developing countries like India face poverty and illiteracy as a major obstacle in any form of development which makes it difficult for its government to provide e-services to its people conveniently and fast. It also suggests few suggestions to cope up with the challenges faced while implementing e-projects in India.

A mechanism to improve the allocation of public investment funds

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1522-1533
Author(s):  
A.V. Larionov
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
The Public ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Effective System

Subject. This article deals with the issue of improving the public investment allocative efficiency. Objectives. The article aims to develop an approach to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public investment in the economy. Methods. The study is based on a panel data regression with random effects. Conclusions and Relevance. All sectors of the economy have different demand for investment resources attracted, determined by operational and technological aspects. The results of the study can be used to develop an effective system of public investment.

Arie Kuyvenhoven and L. B. M. Mennes. Guidelines for Project Appraisal. The Hague: Directorate-General for International Co-operation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1985. x + 190 pp.Price: fl. 19.50.

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Shamim A. Sahibzada ◽  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
Financial Appraisal ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Favourite Topic

There has lately been an increasing emphasis on methods of evaluating development projects in the developing countries. The traditional focus, which relies on only a financial appraisal of projects, is no longer a favourite topic with project analysts, especially in the public sector. In order to capture the full impact of projects, several methodologies, focusing on the economic and social aspects, have been introduced in the literature during the late Sixties and early Seventies. Moreover, to enhance/facilitate the applicability of these methods to actual projects, the need for Manuals, Guidelines, and Guides of project appraisal has been felt from time to time. Some well known attempts in this area have been made by OECD [2], UNIDO [1; 5], ODA [6] and ODM [7].

Cross-National Focus Group Response to Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199236
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Norton ◽  
Melissa Ruhl ◽  
Tim Armitage ◽  
Brian Matthews ◽  
John Miles
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Public ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Willingness To Use

The development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is advancing quickly in some enclaves around the world. Consequently, AVs exist in the public consciousness, featuring regularly in mainstream media. As the form and function of AVs emerge, the attitudes of potential users become more important. The extent to which the public trusts AV technology and anticipates benefits, will drive consumer willingness to use AVs. Broadly, public attitudes will determine whether AVs can attract public investment in infrastructure and become a feature of the future transport mix or fail to realize the potential their developers assert. As part of UK Autodrive, a program trialing the introduction of AVs in the United Kingdom, researchers conducted focus groups in five UK cities, and a comparison focus group in San Francisco (December 2017 to September 2018) using representative samples (total n = 137). Focus group facilitators guided discussions in three areas considered central to usage decisions: trust in the technology, ownership models, and community benefit. This paper describes findings from a quasi-quantitative study supported with qualitative insights. This research provides three key takeaways centering on trust in the technology and in delivering benefit. First, some participants gain trust through experience and others through evidence. Second, participants had difficulty discriminating between AV developers, indicating a need for industry cooperation. Third, partnerships were found to demonstrate trust, highlighting the need for more and deeper partnerships moving forward. Generally, participants had positive attitudes toward AVs and expect AVs to provide benefits. However, these attitudes and expectations could change as AV development progresses.

scholarly journals Mapping CRISPR-Cas9 public and commercial innovation using The Lens institutional toolkit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmat Azzam Jefferson ◽  
Simon Lang ◽  
Kenny Williams ◽  
Deniz Koellhofer ◽  
Aaron Ballagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Base Editing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Homology Directed Repair ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Institutional Capability ◽  
Cellular Dna

AbstractCRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary technology because it is precise, fast and easy to implement, cheap and components are readily accessible. This versatility means that the technology can deliver a timely end product and can be used by many stakeholders. In plant cells, the technology can be applied to knockout genes by using CRISPR–Cas nucleases that can alter coding gene regions or regulatory elements, alter precisely a genome by base editing to delete or regulate gene expression, edit precisely a genome by homology-directed repair mechanism (cellular DNA), or regulate transcriptional machinery by using dead Cas proteins to recruit regulators to the promoter region of a gene. All these applications can be for: 1) Research use (Non commercial), 2) Uses related product components for the technology itself (reagents, equipment, toolkits, vectors etc), and 3) Uses related to the development and sale of derived end products based on this technology. In this contribution, we present a prototype report that can engage the community in open, inclusive and collaborative innovation mapping. Using the open data at the Lens.org platform and other relevant sources, we tracked, analyzed, organized, and assembled contextual and bridged patent and scholarly knowledge about CRISPR-Cas9 and with the assistance of a new Lens institutional capability, The Lens Report Builder, currently in beta release, mapped the public and commercial innovation pathways of the technology. When scaled, this capability will also enable coordinated editing and curation by credentialed experts to inform policy makers, businesses and private or public investment.

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