Identification of a 15-Pseudogene Based Prognostic Signature for Predicting Survival and Antitumor Immune Response in Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiang Tan ◽  
Xiaofang He ◽  
Guoping Shen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Prognostic Signature

scholarly journals The Abscopal Effect: Could a Phenomenon Described Decades Ago Become Key to Enhancing the Response to Immune Therapies in Breast Cancer?

Breast Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-449
Author(s):  
Hans-Christian Kolberg ◽  
Oliver Hoffmann ◽  
René Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Immune Therapy ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Abscopal Effect ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Therapies

Background: The term “abscopal effect” was defined in 1953. In oncology the term is used to describe systemic antitumor effects triggered by local irradiation (nontarget effect). Although the mechanism of the abscopal effect is not completely understood yet, it has been demonstrated that in situ tumor vaccination, and the resulting antitumor immune response, is one of the key factors. Summary: The development of immune therapies has recently led to concepts combining local radiotherapy and immune therapy with the aim of enhancing the response to immune therapy by the immunological mechanisms summarized in the term abscopal effect. This concept has also been investigated in less immunogenic tumors such as breast cancer. Initial data are promising but the hypothesis that the combination of checkpoint inhibitors and local radiotherapy could be an effective combination in breast cancer has to be proven by ongoing trials. Substitution of local radiotherapy by local hyperthermia could be an option in selected cases. Key Messages: Combination of checkpoint inhibitors with local radiation or hyperthermia in breast cancer is a promising approach and could enhance the response rates generated by immune therapy alone through the antitumor immune response initiated by the abscopal effect.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF SYSTEMIC ANTITUMOR IMMUNE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OPERABLE BREAST CANCER AND CANCER OF THE ORAL MUCOSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
A. I. Chertkova ◽  
T. N. Zabotina ◽  
V. T. Tsiklauri ◽  
E. N. Zakharova ◽  
D. V. Tabakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Operable Breast Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Primary Operable Breast Cancer

Introduction. Age is considered as an important clinical and pathological factor in cancer patients. Malignant tumors are more likely to develop in older people, but the disease is less aggressive than in young patients. According to various authors, the influence of age on the development of tumors largely depends on the age-related features of the immune system.The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of indicators of systemic antitumor immune response with the age of patients with primary operable breast cancer and cancer of the oral mucosa.Materials and methods. The study included patients with all subtypes of primary-operable breast cancer (n = 145) and patients with cancer of the oral mucosa (n = 29). Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies to markers of adaptive and innate immunity cells.Results. In elder patients (40 years and older) with primary-operable breast cancer, the percentage of activated CD25+ lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+ and CD3+CD4+ T cells, NKT cells, activated HLA-DR+ lymphocytes, including activated CD3+HLA-DR+ T cells before treatment, was statistically significantly higher than in patients younger than 40 years. Patients of this group showed increase of CD8+CD - 11b+CD28– CTLs and a decrease in the number of naive lymphocytes (CD4 – CD62L+ and CD8+CD11b – CD28+) in comparison with control percentage, and the downward trend in CD4+CD25+CD127– Treg, with increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells. In patients with cancer of the oral mucosa, an increase in the number of cells of some populations of the immune effector link and a decrease in the number of suppressor lymphocytes were revealed with age.Conclusion. The results suggest that age-related differences in the state of systemic antitumor immune response contribute to a more favorable course of breast cancer and some other malignancies in older persons. It is obvious that the features of age differences in the immune response to the tumor should be taken into account when prescribing systemic therapy, including immunotherapy.All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study

scholarly journals Targeting a cell surface vitamin D receptor on tumor-associated macrophages in triple-negative breast cancer

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda I Staquicini ◽  
Amin Hajitou ◽  
Wouter HP Driessen ◽  
Bettina Proneth ◽  
Marina Cardó-Vila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
A Cell

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. We applied the in vivo phage display technology to isolate peptides homing to the immunosuppressive cellular microenvironment of TNBC as a strategy for non-malignant target discovery. We identified a cyclic peptide (CSSTRESAC) that specifically binds to a vitamin D receptor, protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) expressed on the cell surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), and targets breast cancer in syngeneic TNBC, non-TNBC xenograft, and transgenic mouse models. Systemic administration of CSSTRESAC to TNBC-bearing mice shifted the cytokine profile toward an antitumor immune response and delayed tumor growth. Moreover, CSSTRESAC enabled ligand-directed theranostic delivery to tumors and a mathematical model confirmed our experimental findings. Finally, in silico analysis showed PDIA3-expressing TAM in TNBC patients. This work uncovers a functional interplay between a cell surface vitamin D receptor in TAM and antitumor immune response that could be therapeutically exploited.

scholarly journals Free ISG15 triggers an antitumor immune response against breast cancer: a new perspective

Oncotarget ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 7221-7231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Burks ◽  
Ryan E. Reed ◽  
Shyamal D. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
New Perspective
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