scholarly journals Optimal Energy Taxes and Subsidies under a Cost-Effective Unilateral Climate Policy: Addressing Carbon Leakage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kruse-Andersen ◽  
Peter Birch Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Energy Taxes ◽  
Unilateral Climate Policy

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Unilateral Climate Policy Design: Size Matters

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Böhringer ◽  
Carolyn Fischer ◽  
Knut Einar Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unilateral Climate Policy

scholarly journals Reducing the Decarbonisation Cost Burden for EU Energy-Intensive Industries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Fragkos ◽  
Kostas Fragkiadakis ◽  
Leonidas Paroussos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Mitigation Effort ◽  
Energy Intensive Industries ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Energy Intensities ◽  
Unilateral Climate Policy

Carbon leakage features prominently in the climate policy debate in economies implementing climate policies, especially in the EU. The imposition of carbon pricing impacts negatively the competitiveness of energy-intensive industries, inducing their relocation to countries with weaker environmental regulation. Unilateral climate policy may complement domestic emissions pricing with border carbon adjustment to reduce leakage and protect the competitiveness of domestic manufacturing. Here, we use an enhanced version of GEM-E3-FIT model to assess the macro-economic impacts when the EU unilaterally implements the EU Green Deal goals, leading to a leakage of 25% over 2020–2050. The size and composition, in terms of GHG and energy intensities, of the countries undertaking emission reductions matter for carbon leakage, which is significantly reduced when China joins the mitigation effort, as a result of its large market size and the high carbon intensity of its production. Chemicals and metals face the stronger risks for relocation to non-abating countries. The Border Carbon Adjustment can largely reduce leakage and the negative activity impacts on energy-intensive and trade-exposed industries of regulating countries, by shifting the emission reduction to non-abating countries through implicit changes in product prices.

scholarly journals Cost-effective unilateral climate policy design: Size matters

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Böhringer ◽  
Carolyn Fischer ◽  
Knut Einar Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unilateral Climate Policy
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