Does Surgery Generate Neutrophil Extracellular Traps that Influence Colorectal Cancer Progression? A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia M. Carroll ◽  
Grace L. Burns ◽  
Joel A. Petit ◽  
Marjorie M. Walker ◽  
Andrea Mathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Colorectal Cancer Progression and Metastasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7260
Author(s):  
Umama Khan ◽  
Sabrina Chowdhury ◽  
Md Morsaline Billah ◽  
Kazi Mohammed Didarul Islam ◽  
Henrik Thorlacius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

Neutrophils form sticky web-like structures known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as part of innate immune response. NETs are decondensed extracellular chromatin filaments comprising nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. NETs have been implicated in many gastrointestinal diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the regulatory mechanisms of NET formation and potential pharmacological inhibitors in the context of CRC have not been thoroughly discussed. In this review, we intend to highlight roles of NETs in CRC progression and metastasis as well as the potential of targeting NETs during colon cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Decreased level of miR-1301 promotes colorectal cancer progression via activation of STAT3 pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yang ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Bianbian Yan ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Lulu Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion ◽  
Lovo Cells ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

Abstract The molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been widely investigated in recent years. Accumulating evidence has indicated that microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation participates in the processes of driving CRC initiation and progression. Aberrant expression of miR-1301 has been found in various tumor types. However, its role in CRC remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we identified miR-1301 was enriched in normal colorectal tissues and significantly down-regulated in CRC. Decreased level of miR-1301 strongly correlated with aggressive pathological characteristics, including advanced stage and metastasis. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase assay demonstrated that STAT3 is a direct target of miR-1301. Gain and loss-of-function assays showed that miR-1301 had no effect on cell proliferation. Overexpression of miR-1301 suppressed cell migration and invasion capacity of pSTA3-positive LoVo cells, but not pSTAT3-negative SW480 cells, while inhibition of miR-1301 consistently promoted cell migration and invasion in both cell lines. Additionally, miR-1301 inhibition restored the suppressed migration and invasion of STAT3- knockdown LoVo cells. MiR-1301 functioned as a tumor suppressor to modulate the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway. In summary, this study highlights the significant role of miR- 1301/STAT3 axis in CRC metastasis.

scholarly journals Diethyldithiocarbamate-copper complex (CuET) inhibits colorectal cancer progression via miR-16-5p and 15b-5p/ALDH1A3/PKM2 axis-mediated aerobic glycolysis pathway

Oncogenesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yichao Hou ◽  
Xiaoling Weng ◽  
Wenjing Pang ◽  
Lidan Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Copper Complex ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Glycolysis Pathway ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

AbstractExploring novel anticancer drugs to optimize the efficacy may provide a benefit for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Disulfiram (DSF), as an antialcoholism drug, is metabolized into diethyldithiocarbamate-copper complex (CuET) in vivo, which has been reported to exert the anticancer effects on various tumors in preclinical studies. However, little is known about whether CuET plays an anti-cancer role in CRC. In this study, we found that CuET had a marked effect on suppressing CRC progression both in vitro and in vivo by reducing glucose metabolism. Mechanistically, using RNA-seq analysis, we identified ALDH1A3 as a target gene of CuET, which promoted cell viability and the capacity of clonal formation and inhibited apoptosis in CRC cells. MicroRNA (miR)-16-5p and 15b-5p were shown to synergistically regulate ALDH1A3, which was negatively correlated with both of them and inversely correlated with the survival of CRC patients. Notably, using co-immunoprecipitation followed with mass spectrometry assays, we identified PKM2 as a direct downstream effector of ALDH1A3 that stabilized PKM2 by reducing ubiquitination. Taken together, we disclose that CuET treatment plays an active role in inhibiting CRC progression via miR-16-5p and 15b-5p/ALDH1A3/PKM2 axis–mediated aerobic glycolysis pathway.

scholarly journals LAT1 and ASCT2 Related microRNAs as Potential New Therapeutic Agents against Colorectal Cancer Progression

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Francisca Dias ◽  
Cristina Almeida ◽  
Ana Luísa Teixeira ◽  
Mariana Morais ◽  
Rui Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression ◽  
Made In

The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations and more recently with changes in cell metabolism. Amino acid transporters are key players in tumor development, and it is described that tumor cells upregulate some AA transporters in order to support the increased amino acid (AA) intake to sustain the tumor additional needs for tumor growth and proliferation through the activation of several signaling pathways. LAT1 and ASCT2 are two AA transporters involved in the regulation of the mTOR pathway that has been reported as upregulated in CRC. Some attempts have been made in order to develop therapeutic approaches to target these AA transporters, however none have reached the clinical setting so far. MiRNA-based therapies have been gaining increasing attention from pharmaceutical companies and now several miRNA-based drugs are currently in clinical trials with promising results. In this review we combine a bioinformatic approach with a literature review in order to identify a miRNA profile with the potential to target both LAT1 and ASCT2 with potential to be used as a therapeutic approach against CRC.

αSMA+ fibroblasts suppress Lgr5+ cancer stem cells and restrain colorectal cancer progression

Oncogene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. McAndrews ◽  
Karina Vázquez-Arreguín ◽  
Changsoo Kwak ◽  
Hikaru Sugimoto ◽  
Xiaofeng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Sophoridine Inhibits Human Colorectal Cancer Progression via Targeting MAPKAPK2

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2469-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Hongwei Liu ◽  
Yingying Shao ◽  
Kailong Wang ◽  
Shuangshuang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Human Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Integrated multi-omics analyses on patient-derived CRC organoids highlight altered molecular pathways in colorectal cancer progression involving PTEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Codrich ◽  
Emiliano Dalla ◽  
Catia Mio ◽  
Giulia Antoniali ◽  
Matilde Clarissa Malfatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Driver Genes ◽  
Proteomic Data ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Molecular Stability ◽  
Culturing Conditions ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The heterogeneity of CRC identity limits the usage of cell lines to study this type of tumor because of the limited representation of multiple features of the original malignancy. Patient-derived colon organoids (PDCOs) are a promising 3D-cell model to study tumor identity for personalized medicine, although this approach still lacks detailed characterization regarding molecular stability during culturing conditions. Correlation analysis that considers genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data, as well as thawing, timing, and culturing conditions, is missing. Methods Through integrated multi–omics strategies, we characterized PDCOs under different growing and timing conditions, to define their ability to recapitulate the original tumor. Results Whole Exome Sequencing allowed detecting temporal acquisition of somatic variants, in a patient-specific manner, having deleterious effects on driver genes CRC-associated. Moreover, the targeted NGS approach confirmed that organoids faithfully recapitulated patients’ tumor tissue. Using RNA-seq experiments, we identified 5125 differentially expressed transcripts in tumor versus normal organoids at different time points, in which the PTEN pathway resulted of particular interest, as also confirmed by further phospho-proteomics analysis. Interestingly, we identified the PTEN c.806_817dup (NM_000314) mutation, which has never been reported previously and is predicted to be deleterious according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) classification. Conclusion The crosstalk of genomic, transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic data allowed to observe that PDCOs recapitulate, at the molecular level, the tumor of origin, accumulating mutations over time that potentially mimic the evolution of the patient’s tumor, underlining relevant potentialities of this 3D model.

scholarly journals A Metabolic Model of Intestinal Secretions: The Link between Human Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer Progression

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Pejman Salahshouri ◽  
Modjtaba Emadi-Baygi ◽  
Mahdi Jalili ◽  
Faiz M. Khan ◽  
Olaf Wolkenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Model ◽  
System Level ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Progression ◽  
Genome Scale ◽  
High Throughput Data Analysis

The human gut microbiota plays a dual key role in maintaining human health or inducing disorders, for example, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). High-throughput data analysis, such as metagenomics and metabolomics, have shown the diverse effects of alterations in dynamic bacterial populations on the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer. However, it is well established that microbiome and human cells constantly influence each other, so it is not appropriate to study them independently. Genome-scale metabolic modeling is a well-established mathematical framework that describes the dynamic behavior of these two axes at the system level. In this study, we created community microbiome models of three conditions during colorectal cancer progression, including carcinoma, adenoma and health status, and showed how changes in the microbial population influence intestinal secretions. Conclusively, our findings showed that alterations in the gut microbiome might provoke mutations and transform adenomas into carcinomas. These alterations include the secretion of mutagenic metabolites such as H2S, NO compounds, spermidine and TMA, as well as the reduction of butyrate. Furthermore, we found that the colorectal cancer microbiome can promote inflammation, cancer progression (e.g., angiogenesis) and cancer prevention (e.g., apoptosis) by increasing and decreasing certain metabolites such as histamine, glutamine and pyruvate. Thus, modulating the gut microbiome could be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of CRC.

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