Human Parechovirus Infections in Healthy Australian Children During the First 2-Years of Life: A Community-Based Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Y. T. Wang ◽  
Robert S. Ware ◽  
Stephen B. Lambert ◽  
Lebogang P. Mhango ◽  
Sarah Tozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Human Parechovirus ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals Parechovirus A Infections in Healthy Australian Children During the First 2 Years of Life: A Community-based Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Y T Wang ◽  
Robert S Ware ◽  
Stephen B Lambert ◽  
Lebogang P Mhango ◽  
Sarah Tozer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Hospital-based studies identify parechovirus (PeV), primarily PeV-A3, as an important cause of severe infections in young children. However, few community-based studies have been published and the true PeV infection burden is unknown. We investigated PeV epidemiology in healthy children participating in a community-based, longitudinal birth cohort study. Methods Australian children (n = 158) enrolled in the Observational Research in Childhood Infectious Diseases (ORChID) study were followed from birth until their second birthday. Weekly stool and nasal swabs and daily symptom diaries were collected. Swabs were tested for PeV by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and genotypes determined by subgenomic sequencing. Incidence rate, infection characteristics, clinical associations, and virus codetections were investigated. Results PeV was detected in 1423 of 11 124 (12.8%) and 17 of 8100 (0.2%) stool and nasal swabs, respectively. Major genotypes among the 306 infection episodes identified were PeV-A1 (47.9%), PeV-A6 (20.1%), and PeV-A3 (18.3%). The incidence rate was 144 episodes (95% confidence interval, 128–160) per 100 child-years. First infections appeared at a median age of 8 (interquartile range, 6.0–11.7) months. Annual seasonal peaks changing from PeV-A1 to PeV-A3 were observed. Infection was positively associated with age ≥6 months, summer season, nonexclusive breastfeeding at age <3 months, and formal childcare attendance before age 12 months. Sole PeV infections were either asymptomatic (38.4%) or mild (32.7%), while codetection with other viruses in stool swabs was common (64.4%). Conclusions In contrast with hospital-based studies, this study showed that diverse and dynamically changing PeV genotypes circulate in the community causing mild or subclinical infections in children. Parechovirus can cause severe illnesses in children. However, studies focus mainly on hospitalized populations. True disease burden in the community remains largely unknown. From our community-based cohort, we found diverse parechovirus genotypes in the community, causing mild or subclinical infections in children. Clinical Trials Registration NCT01304914.

scholarly journals Timing of First Respiratory Virus Detections in Infants: A Community-Based Birth Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohinder Sarna ◽  
Robert S Ware ◽  
Stephen B Lambert ◽  
Theo P Sloots ◽  
Michael D Nissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Community Based

Continuity and discontinuity of trouble sleeping behaviors from early childhood to young adulthood in a large Australian community-based-birth cohort study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1301-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Frances O’Callaghan ◽  
James Scott ◽  
Helen Heussler ◽  
Michael O’Callaghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Continuity And Discontinuity
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