Environmental Degradation: Waste Disposal and Management in Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Al-Othman ◽  
Ralph Palliam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Degradation

Mountaineer’s Waste: Past, Present and Future

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Apollo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Leave No Trace

Abstract The growing number of mountaineers (climbers and trekkers) makes the problem of human waste amount to a considerable size (in tonnes of faeces and cubic metres of urine) of environmental degradation. Purity in the high mountains depends mainly on the mountaineers visiting them (the rule of ‘Leave No Trace’); however, if there is no assured suitable sanitation system, no mountaineer can be blamed for leaving human waste (faeces and urine), because the process of excretion cannot be stopped. The management can address the issue in three ways: complete (non–invasive), partial (superficial), and invasive. Those approaches have been elaborately explained in three case studies: Fuji–san (Japan), Yamunotri (India) and Kilimanjaro (Tanzania), respectively. Each of the places have been described based on the provided human waste disposal solutions, starting from the historical perspective and ending with the plans for future implementations, i.e. how it was, how it is, and how it will be. The results showed the improvement of understanding of the environmental pollution by human waste, at least from the management site. Decent changes have appeared in recent years–management bodies care more about human waste disposal. The authorities of mountain regions are gradually exchanging the old, leaking toilets for brand–new eco–friendly ones. Even if this process is slow–mostly because of economical limitations–management bodies appear to be noticing this threat. However, mountaineers do not always follow the implemented and recommended solution, as this study shows. The users should change their irresponsible behaviour, because even the best solutions in the case of human waste disposal in high–mountain conditions will fail if they do not follow the rules.

scholarly journals Processos de urbanização e degradação ambiental urbana: problematização no contexto da Educação de Jovens e Adultos

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Tanise Paula Novello ◽  
Kelly Silva Porto
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Problems

Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar como se dá a inserção da educação ambiental no ensino de jovens e adultos a partir da problematização dos processos de urbanização e degradação ambiental urbana no município de Capão da Canoa (RS). Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dados foram questionários (objetivos e subjetivos) para os alunos, teste da pegada ecológica e debates. O envolvimento e participação dos alunos trouxe o movimento de pertencimento, de reflexões históricas, sociais e ambientais sobre a sua comunidade. A educação ambiental oferece condições de educar para a cidadania, para o pensamento crítico e político a respeito de problemas sociais e locais que aquela comunidade enfrenta. O teste da pegada ecológica possibilitou uma análise comparativa aos países desenvolvidos, as condições sociais e ambientais de cada um em relação aos alunos da turma, uma vez que o resultado foi menor que estes locais onde o uso dos recursos naturais e o descarte de resíduos. Conclui-se, a partir das ações desenvolvidas, que o resultado mais importante dessa pesquisa é a emergência do quanto se faz necessário espaços de vivência em Educação Ambiental em todos os níveis de escolaridade e segmentos da sociedade, promovendo reflexões e possibilitando ações de transformação de suas realidades.Palavras-chave: Degradação ambiental; Educação ambiental; Ensino de jovens e adultos.Urbanization processes and urban environmental degradation: problematization in the context of Youth and Adult EducationABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the insertion of environmental education in youth and adult education from the problematization of urbanization processes and urban environmental degradation in the municipality of Capão da Canoa (RS). The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires (objective and subjective) for the students, ecological footprint tests and debates. The involvement and participation of the students brought the movement of belonging, of historical, social and environmental reflections about their community. Environmental education offers conditions to educate for citizenship, for critical and political thinking about social and local problems that that community faces. The ecological footprint test enabled a comparative analysis to developed countries, the social and environmental conditions of each in relation to the students of the class, since the result was lower than these places where the use of natural resources and waste disposal. It is concluded, from the actions developed, that the most important result of this research is the emergence of how much is necessary spaces of experience in Environmental Education at all levels of schooling and segments of society, promoting reflections and enabling actions to transform their realities.Keywords: Environmental degradation; Environmental education; Youth and adult education.Procesos de urbanización y degradación ambiental urbana: problematización en el contexto de la Educación de Jóvenes y AdultosRESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo la educación ambiental se inserta en la educación de jóvenes y adultos a partir de la problematización de los procesos de urbanización y degradación ambiental urbana en el municipio de Capão da Canoa (RS). Los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de datos fueron cuestionarios (objetivos y subjetivos) para los estudiantes, test de huella ecológica y debates. La implicación y participación de los alumnos aportó el movimiento de pertenencia, la reflexión histórica, social y medioambiental sobre su comunidad. La educación ambiental ofrece condiciones para educar para la ciudadanía, para el pensamiento crítico y político sobre los problemas sociales y locales que enfrenta esa comunidad. La prueba de la huella ecológica permitió un análisis comparativo con los países desarrollados, las condiciones sociales y ambientales de cada uno en relación con los estudiantes de la clase, ya que el resultado fue inferior a estos lugares donde el uso de los recursos naturales y la eliminación de residuos. Se concluye, a partir de las acciones desarrolladas, que el resultado más importante de esta investigación es el surgimiento de cuanto es necesario espacios de experiencia en Educación Ambiental en todos los niveles de escolaridad y segmentos de la sociedad, promoviendo reflexiones y posibilitando acciones de transformación de sus realidades.  Palabras clave: Degradación ambiental; Educación ambiental; Educación de jóvenes y adultos.

Resource efficiency in deinked pulp production: a review

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIISA KOTANEN ◽  
MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽  
ARI ÄMMÄLÄ ◽  
JOUKO NIINIMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Strategy ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Recycled Pulp ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pulp Production

The use of recovered paper as a raw material for paper production is by far the most economical and ecological strategy for the disposal of waste paper. However, paper production from recovered paper furnish generates a great amount of residues, and the higher the demand requirements for the end product, the higher the amount of rejected material. The reason for this is that the selectivity of the deinking process is limited; therefore, some valuable components are also lost in reject streams. The rejection of usable components affects the economics of recycled paper production. As the cost of waste disposal continues to increase, this issue is becoming more and more severe. This paper summarizes the current state of the resource efficiency in recycled pulp production and provides information on the volumes of rejected streams and the usable material within them. Various means to use these reject streams are also discussed, including the main findings of a recent thesis by the main author. This review summarizes current internal and external use of reject streams generated in the deinking operations.

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