scholarly journals The Impact of Local Labour Market Conditions on Participation in Further Education in England

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon Clark
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Participation In Further Education ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
The Impact

Unemployment durations and local labour market conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (19) ◽  
pp. 2109-2122
Author(s):  
Tom Pierse ◽  
John McHale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour

scholarly journals Youth Transition: The Influence of the Local Labour Market on Expectations

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S Morrison ◽  
Elizabeth Loeber
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Further Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Student Aspirations ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Economics Literature ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Youth Transition ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Senior Secondary

High levels of unemployment among youth have lead to a heightened focus on the transition from school to post-school activity. Despite a vast literature on youth transition only a few researchers have considered the role of the local labour market. This paper begins by reviewing the relevant education and economics literature. In this New Zealand study we explore the expectations of teenagers near the end of their schooling in two very different locations: Kawerau, a small 'company town’ in the Bay of Plenty experiencing high levels of inactivity, benefit dependency and migration, and Porirua City within Wellington, a high income metropolitan centre, with a robust, diversified local labour market. After controlling for sex, age, ethnicity and academic achievement we compare the expectations which senior secondary school students hold in the two locations in terms of their future education, employment and income. In each case statistically significant differences in student aspirations are identified between the two locations. Contrary to expectations from the education literature on rural youth it is not those students in the small mill town of Kawerau who exhibit the lower expectations - paradoxically their aspirations are noticeably more positive than their metropolitan counterparts. 'Reality checks’ against friends and siblings help detect inflated expectations but do not moderate the different results. The paradox is largely resolved by the economics literature which draws on the theory' of returns to investment in further education to show how local unemployment levels raise the probability youth will choose further schooling over searching for employment. It is this additional schooling which is associated with higher expectations.

Welfare-use Accumulation and Chronic Dependency in Israel: The Role of Structural Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
NETTA ACHDUT ◽  
HAYA STIER
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Welfare Use

AbstractContemporary welfare policies in many Western countries limit public assistance for the long-term unemployed and spur rapid movement into the labour market. These policies have substantially changed the trade-offs of employment and welfare-use behaviour, making employment far more attractive than welfare dependency. Despite this new reality, many welfare recipients circulate in and out of the welfare system and the low-wage labour market or become disconnected from both work and welfare. Drawing on longitudinal administrative data of single Israeli mothers who received Income Support Benefit in 2003, this study focuses on the role of structural factors, including local labour market conditions and local availability of subsidised child-care, in explaining the intensity of welfare receipt over a 51-month period. The results indicate notable diversity in welfare-use accumulation. Some mothers were classified as short- to mid-termer recipients while others showed a much more intensive use, and about a third were classified as chronically dependent. Local labour market conditions and their change over time played an important part in explaining welfare accumulation, while local child-care availability had no effect. Implications for policy are discussed.

scholarly journals The role of local labour market conditions and pupil attainment on post-compulsory schooling decisions

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1482-1509
Author(s):  
Elena Meschi ◽  
Joanna Swaffield ◽  
Anna Vignoles
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Compulsory Schooling ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Schooling Decisions ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Males And Females

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of local labour market conditions and pupil educational attainment as primary determinants of the post-compulsory schooling decision. Design/methodology/approach Through the specification of a nested logit model, the restrictive independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) assumption inherent in the multinomial logit (MNL) model is relaxed across multiple unordered outcomes. Findings The analysis shows that the factors influencing schooling decisions differ for males and females. For females, on average, the key drivers of the schooling decision are expected wage returns based on youth educational attainment, attitudes to school and parental aspirations, rather than local labour market conditions. For males, higher local unemployment rates encourage greater investment in education. Originality/value The contribution of this paper to the existing literature is threefold. First, a nested logit model is proposed as an alternative to a MNL. The former can formally incorporate the structured and sequential decision-making process that youths may engage with in relation to the post-compulsory schooling decision, as well as relaxing the restrictive IIA assumption inherent in the MNL across multiple unordered outcomes, an issue the authors discuss in more detail in the Methodology section below. Second, the analysis is based on extremely rich socio-economic data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England, matched to local labour market data and administrative data from the National Pupil Database and Pupil Level Annual School Census, which provide a broad set of unusually high-quality measures of prior attainment. The authors argue that such high-quality data and an appropriate model specification allows identification of the determinants of the post-compulsory decision in a more detailed manner than many previous analyses. Third, the data have the scale necessary to consider whether the determinants of post-compulsory schooling decisions vary by gender, a particularly important issue given the differential education participation rates of males and females (e.g. in this cohort, females are about 10 percentage points more likely to go on to higher education in the UK than males), and the gendered choices of occupation (see, e.g. Bertrand, 2011). The work will, therefore, provide recent empirical evidence from England on gender differences in the determinants of education choices.

Theories of Skill and Class Structure

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Penn
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Manual Work ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Secular Decline ◽  
Balance Of Forces

This paper notes an increased interest in issues of skill and class structure evident amongst both Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists. It examines three questions in this area. Firstly, what theories are available to sociologists? How adequate are they, particularly for an understanding of trends in manual work in Britain? Finally, what improvements can be suggested? Two dominant grand-theoretical approaches, post-industrialism and Marxism, are analysed Post-industrialist theories of ‘skilling’ are rejected as empirically implausible and Marxist versions of ‘deskilling’ rejected on theoretical and empirical grounds. None the less, a secular decline in levels of training as measured by length of apprenticeships is noted, but the question of deskilling requires further research. A model of the relationships of skilled trades unions and capitalist employers under different local labour market conditions is suggested which, despite its simplicity, incorporates marked improvements upon the Marxist models that have been popular recently. In particular, it is strongly argued that an image of an asymmetric balance of forces adds considerably to an understanding of the variable relations between capital and skilled labour in Britain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document