scholarly journals Socio-Economic Inequalities in Tobacco Consumption of the Older Adults in China: A Decomposition Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Si ◽  
Zhongliang Zhou ◽  
Min Su ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Shuyi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Economic Inequalities

scholarly journals Is Olfactory Impairment Associated With 10-year Mortality Mediating by Neurodegenerative Diseases in Older Adults? The Four-Way Decomposition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
Zhenxu Xiao ◽  
Wanqing Wu ◽  
Qianhua Zhao ◽  
Ding Ding
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Decomposition Method ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Survival Status ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Prospective Phase ◽  
Olfactory Impairment

Background: Literature shows that olfactory impairment (OI) is associated not only with neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), but also with increased mortality. In this study, we analyzed data collected from the prospective phase of the 10-year follow-up of the Shanghai Aging Study (SAS) to explore the mediation effect of NDDs on the OI-mortality relationship.Methods: We analyzed data collected from the prospective phase of the 10-year follow-up of the SAS. We included 1,811 participants aged 60 years or older who completed both an olfactory identification test and a cognitive assessment at baseline (2010–2011). Survival status of the participants from baseline to December 31, 2019 was obtained from the local mortality surveillance system. We used the four-way decomposition method to attribute effects to interaction and mediation and to explore the mediation effect of NDDs on the OI-mortality relationship.Results: The four-way decomposition method revealed a statistically significant association of OI with death. Overall, 43% higher risk for death was associated with OI [excess relative risk (ERR) = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.06–0.80, p = 0.023]. Excluding the mediation from NDDs and interaction between OI and NDDs, the controlled direct effect of OI on death was even higher in NDDs participants, with an ERR of 77% (95% CI: 0.00–1.55, p = 0.050). Statistically significant association was found for failure to identify coffee (ERR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.18–1.36, p = 0.010) and marginally significant associations were found for failure to identify cinnamon (ERR = 0.33, 95% CI: −0.02–0.68, p = 0.068) and rose (ERR = 0.33, 95% CI: −0.01–0.67, p = 0.054) with death.Conclusion: OI was associated with the long-term mortality in older adults and the association was even stronger in those with NDDs. Failure to identify coffee or rose was associated with a higher mortality risk, and the association was mediated by NDDs.

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern, and cessation of tobacco consumption among older adults in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shubham Kumar ◽  
Ratna Patel ◽  
Shekhar Chauhan ◽  
Samriddhi S Gupte
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Tobacco Consumption

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

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