scholarly journals Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Giannakou ◽  
Evangelos Evangelou ◽  
Panayiotis Yiallouros ◽  
Costas A. Christophi ◽  
Nicos Middleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Risk factors for gestational diabetes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0215372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Giannakou ◽  
Evangelos Evangelou ◽  
Panayiotis Yiallouros ◽  
Costas A. Christophi ◽  
Nicos Middleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Meta Analyses

The Dietary Inflammatory Index and Human Health: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Marx ◽  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Jaimon T Kelly ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Meghan Hockey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Credibility Assessment ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Study Designs

ABSTRACT Numerous observational studies have investigated the role of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) in chronic disease risk. The aims of this umbrella review and integrated meta-analyses were to systematically synthesize the observational evidence reporting on the associations between the DII and health outcomes based on meta-analyses, and to assess the quality and strength of the evidence for each associated outcome. This umbrella review with integrated meta-analyses investigated the association between the DII and a range of health outcomes based on meta-analyses of observational data. A credibility assessment was conducted for each outcome using the following criteria: statistical heterogeneity, 95% prediction intervals, evidence for small-study effect and/or excess significance bias, as well as effect sizes and P values using calculated random effects meta-analyses. In total, 15 meta-analyses reporting on 38 chronic disease-related outcomes were included, incorporating a total population of 4,360,111 subjects. Outcomes (n = 38) were examined through various study designs including case-control (n = 8), cross-sectional (n = 5), prospective (n = 5), and combination (n = 20) study designs. Adherence to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern had a significant positive association with 27 (71%) of the included health outcomes (P value < 0.05). Using the credibility assessment, Class I (Convincing) evidence was identified for myocardial infarction only, Class II (Highly suggestive) evidence was identified for increased risk of all-cause mortality, overall risk of incident cancer, and risk of incident site-specific cancers (colorectal, pancreatic, respiratory, and oral cancers) with increasing (more pro-inflammatory) DII score. Most outcomes (n = 31) presented Class III (Suggestive) or lower evidence (Weak or No association). Pro-inflammatory dietary patterns were nominally associated with an increased risk of many chronic disease outcomes. However, the strength of evidence for most outcomes was limited. Further prospective studies are required to improve the precision of the effect size.

scholarly journals Dietary Inflammatory Index and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Hua Liu ◽  
Chuan Liu ◽  
Ting-Ting Gong ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background and Aims: The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with non-communicable disease. We conducted an umbrella review to systematically evaluate meta-analyses of observational studies on DII and diverse health outcomes.Methods: We comprehensively searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases to identify related systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. Those investigating the association between DII and a wide range of health outcomes in humans were eligible for inclusion. For each meta-analysis, we estimated the summary effect size by using fixed and random effects models, the 95% confidence interval, and the 95% prediction interval. We assessed heterogeneity, evidence of small-study effects, and excess significance bias.Results: The umbrella review identified 35 meta-analyses assessing associations between DII and various health outcomes: cancer (n = 24), mortality (n = 4), metabolic (n = 4), and other (n = 3). The methodological quality was high or moderate. Of the 35 meta-analyses, we observed highly suggestive evidence for harmful associations between digestive tract cancer, colorectal cancer, overall cancer, pharyngeal cancer, UADT cancer, and CVD mortality. Moreover, 11 harmful associations showed suggestive evidence: hormone-dependent cancer, rectal cancer, colon cancer, breast and prostate cancer, gynecological cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, all-cause mortality, and depression.Conclusion: DII is likely to be associated with harmful effects in multiple health outcomes. Robust randomized controlled trials are warranted to understand whether the observed results are causal.Systematic Review Registration: CRD42021218361

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Factors and Congenital Heart Disease: An Umbrella Review of 165 Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses With More Than 120 Million Participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie-Ning Zhang ◽  
Qi-Jun Wu ◽  
Ya-Shu Liu ◽  
Jia-Le Lv ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Prediction Intervals ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Null Value ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: The etiology of congenital heart disease (CHD) has been extensively studied in the past decades. Therefore, it is critical to clarify clear hierarchies of evidence between types of environmental factors and CHD.Methods: Electronic searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane database were conducted from inception to April 20, 2020 for meta-analyses investigating the aforementioned topic.Results: Overall, 41 studies including a total of 165 meta-analyses of different environmental factors and CHD were examined, covering a wide range of risk factors. The summary random effects estimates were significant at P < 0.05 in 63 meta-analyses (38%), and 15 associations (9%) were significant at P < 10−6. Of these meta-analyses, eventually one risk factor (severe obesity; relative risk: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–1.47) had significant summary associations at P < 10−6, included more than 1,000 cases, had 95% prediction intervals excluding the null value, and were not suggestive of large heterogeneity (I2 < 50%), small-study effects (P-value for Egger's test > 0.10), or excess significance (P > 0.10). Eight associations (5%) (including maternal lithium exposure, maternal obesity, maternal alcohol consumption, and maternal fever) had results that were significant at P < 10−6, included more than 1,000 cases, and had 95% prediction intervals excluding the null value (highly suggestive).Conclusion: This umbrella review shows that many environmental factors have substantial evidence in relation to the risk of developing CHD. More and better-designed studies are needed to establish robust evidence between environmental factors and CHD.Systematic Review Registration: [PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42020193381].

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