scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Single Fiber Cells of the Developing Ocular Lens Reveals Regulated Heterogeneity of Gene Expression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra K. Gangalum ◽  
Dongjae Kim ◽  
Raj K. Kashyap ◽  
Serghei Mangul ◽  
Xinkai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Fiber Cells

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Single Fiber Cells of the Developing Ocular Lens Reveals Regulated Heterogeneity of Gene Expression

iScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 66-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra K. Gangalum ◽  
Dongjae Kim ◽  
Raj K. Kashyap ◽  
Serghei Mangul ◽  
Xinkai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Fiber Cells

scholarly journals Systematic Spatial Analysis of Gene Expression during Wheat Caryopsis Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2172-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinéad Drea ◽  
David J. Leader ◽  
Ben C. Arnold ◽  
Peter Shaw ◽  
Liam Dolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Analysis

scholarly journals A complex array of positive and negative elements regulates the chicken alpha A-crystallin gene: involvement of Pax-6, USF, CREB and/or CREM, and AP-1 proteins.

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 7363-7376 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cvekl ◽  
C M Sax ◽  
E H Bresnick ◽  
J Piatigorsky
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Promoter Activity ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Negative Element ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Gel Mobility Shift

The abundance of crystallins (> 80% of the soluble protein) in the ocular lens provides advantageous markers for selective gene expression during cellular differentiation. Here we show by functional and protein-DNA binding experiments that the chicken alpha A-crystallin gene is regulated by at least five control elements located at sites A (-148 to -139), B (-138 to -132), C (-128 to -101), D (-102 to -93), and E (-56 to -41). Factors interacting with these sites were characterized immunologically and by gel mobility shift experiments. The results are interpreted with the following model. Site A binds USF and is part of a composite element with site B. Site B binds CREB and/or CREM to enhance expression in the lens and binds an AP-1 complex including CREB, Fra2 and/or JunD which interacts with USF on site A to repress expression in fibroblasts. Sites C and E (which is conserved across species) bind Pax-6 in the lens to stimulate alpha A-crystallin promoter activity. These experiments provide the first direct data that Pax-6 contributes to the lens-specific expression of a crystallin gene. Site D (-104 to -93) binds USF and is a negative element. Thus, the data indicate that USF, CREB and/or CREM (or AP-1 factors), and Pax-6 bind a complex array of positive and negative cis-acting elements of the chicken alpha A-crystallin gene to control high expression in the lens and repression in fibroblasts.

scholarly journals Transcriptional profiling of single fiber cells in a transgenic paradigm of an inherited childhood cataract reveals absence of molecular heterogeneity

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (37) ◽  
pp. 13530-13544
Author(s):  
Suraj P. Bhat ◽  
Rajendra K. Gangalum ◽  
Dongjae Kim ◽  
Serghei Mangul ◽  
Raj K. Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Childhood Cataract

Regulation of vimentin gene expression in the ocular lens

1990 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Sax ◽  
Francis X. Farrell ◽  
Zendra E. Zehner ◽  
Joram Piatigorsky
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Vimentin Gene

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Gene Expression in Response to Turnip mosaic virus Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunling Yang ◽  
Rong Guo ◽  
Fei Jie ◽  
Dan Nettleton ◽  
Jiqing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Virus Accumulation ◽  
Mrna Transcripts

Virus-infected leaf tissues comprise a heterogeneous mixture of cells at different stages of infection. The spatial and temporal relationships between sites of virus accumulation and the accompanying host responses, such as altered host gene expression, are not well defined. To address this issue, we utilized Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) tagged with the green fluorescent protein to guide the dissection of infection foci into four distinct zones. The abundance of Arabidopsis thaliana mRNA transcripts in each of the four zones then was assayed using the Arabidopsis ATH1 GeneChip oligonucleotide microarray (Affymetrix). mRNA transcripts with significantly altered expression profiles were determined across gradients of virus accumulation spanning groups of cells in and around foci at different stages of infection. The extent to which TuMV-responsive genes were up- or downregulated primarily correlated with the amount of virus accumulation regardless of gene function. The spatial analysis also allowed new suites of coordinately regulated genes to be identified that are associated with chloroplast functions (decreased), sulfate assimilation (decreased), cell wall extensibility (decreased), and protein synthesis and turnover (induced). The functions of these downregulated genes are consistent with viral symptoms, such as chlorosis and stunted growth, providing new insight into mechanisms of pathogenesis.

Visualization of transverse diffusion paths across fiber cells of the ocular lens by small animal MRI

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1061-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Vaghefi ◽  
Beau Pontre ◽  
Paul J Donaldson ◽  
Peter J Hunter ◽  
Marc D Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Small Animal ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Transverse Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Paths ◽  
Small Animal Mri

The Ocular Lens Epithelium

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraj P. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Lens Epithelium ◽  
Fiber Cell ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Ocular Lens ◽  
Fiber Cells

An adult lens contains two easily discernible, morphologically distinct compartments, the epithelium and the fiber-cell mass. The fiber-cell mass provides the lens with its functional phenotype, transparency. Metabolically, in comparison to the fiber cells the epithelium is the more active compartment of the ocular lens. For the purposes of this review we will only discuss the surface epithelium that covers the anterior face of the adult ocular lens. This single layer of cells, in addition to acting as a metabolic engine that sustains the physiological health of this tissue, also works as a source of stem cells, providing precursor cells, which through molecular and morphological differentiation give rise to fiber cells. Morphological simplicity, defined developmental history and easy access to the experimenter make this epithelium a choice starting material for investigations that seek to address universal questions of cell growth, development, epithelial function, cancer and aging. There are two important aspects of the lens epithelium that make it highly relevant to the modern biologist. Firstly, there are no known clinically recognizable cancers of the ocular lens. Considering that most of the known malignancies are epithelial in origin this observation is more than an academic curiosity. The lack of vasculature in the lens may explain the absence of tumors in this tissue, but this provides only a teleological basis to a very important question for which the answers must reside in the molecular make-up and physiology of the lens epithelial cells. Secondly, lens epithelium as a morphological entity in the human lens is first recognizable in the 5th–6th week of gestation. It stays in this morphological state as the anterior epithelium of the lens for the rest of the life, making it an attractive paradigm for the study of the effects of aging on epithelial function. What follows is a brief overview of the present status and lacunae in our understanding of the biology of the lens epithelium.

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