J.M. Keynesss Criticisms, on Pages 2755276 and 2977298 of the General Theory, of the Marshallian, Neoclassical, Mathematical Approach to Partial Equilibrium (Ceteris Paribus) Analysis, Where Functions Having Only One Independent Variable Only: Keynesss Application of Systems of Simultaneous Equations in the General Theory in Chapter 15 and the Appendix to Chapter 19 Was Keynesss Breakthrough in Macroeconomics.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Emmett Brady
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Independent Variable

scholarly journals Scenario Modeling in Health System Management Perm Region (Part 2)

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
A. N. Tsatsulin ◽  
B. A. Tsatsulin
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
System Management ◽  
National Goal ◽  
Scenario Modeling ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Independent Variable

In continuation of the article, the authors of the study devoted to the problems of scenario modeling and solving specific problems of management and development of the health care system of the Perm Territory, built the author’s dynamic multivariate model, which was based on an authoritative approach and consists of a set of five structural simultaneous equations. As a result, each equation of the system is a linear form of recursive regression, where the independent variable as a factor-factor taken into account in one equation becomes a depend- ent variable as an effective factor-factor. In order to eliminate the phenomenon of autocor- relation of residual values, the method of time lagging was used. To estimate the parameters of the reduced form of structural simultaneous equations, the two-step least squares method was used as a special case of the maximum likelihood method. The obtained parameter esti- mates on the whole turned out to be effective with moderate consistency and satisfactory bias. The constructed model made it possible to carry out a short-term forecast of the most important target socio-economic indicator of the success of healthcare development in the region until 2023. The authors considered the national goal as such a priority indicator — the expected (future) life expectancy of the population of the study area. At the end of the article, conclusions were drawn and the prospects for further scientific research of the authors were outlined.

Anti-trade Bias in Trade Policy and General Equilibrium

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Limao ◽  
Arvind Panagariya
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Ambiguous Effect ◽  
Trade Interventions

Abstract An important question that has continued to elude trade economists is why trade interventions are biased in favor of import-competing rather than exportable sectors. Indeed, as Philip Levy (1999) points out, under a set of neutrality assumptions, the dominant political-economy model, Grossman and Helpman (1994), predicts a pro-trade bias. We demonstrate that if we replace the almost partial equilibrium model with a general equilibrium model in the Grossman-Helpman political economy model, anti-trade bias may emerge even if we assume symmetric technologies, endowments and preferences across sectors provided that the elasticity of substitution in production exceeds unity. In addition, we show that ceteris paribus, in general equilibrium, increases in the imports-to-GDP ratio lower the endogenously chosen tariff and the production share of the import sector in GDP has an ambiguous effect.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Approach to Evaluating the Influence of Various Factors on the Stability of Aggregates in Vertisols

1969 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
M. A. Lugo López ◽  
Raúl Pérez Escolar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Stability

A mathematical approach is presented in this paper to evaluate the influence of such factors as clay content, silt content, organic matter, Ca + Mg, and soluble sodium upon the stability of soil aggregates in a group of Vertisols from the Lajas Valley, P.R. The relationships between aggregate stability and silt and clay were not significant. When the percentage of organic matter was considered as the independent variable, a highly significant correlation coefficient of 0.66 was obtained. Therefore, almost 43 percent of the variability in aggregate stability could be explained on the basis of this single factor. Attempts to increase the percentage of the variability which could be explained in terms of the content of Ca + Mg, and also of soluble sodium, yielded correlation coefficients of 0.70 and 0.74, respectively. Thus, only a slight, but significant, additional increase could be explained when these variables were included.

scholarly journals A General and Theoretical FX Model for the Multi-Currency Basket: Economic, Financial and Mathematical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Amine El Bied
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Exchange Rate Regime ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Foreign Currencies ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Ex Nihilo

The multi-currency basket is an exchange rate regime in which the currency is pegged to several foreign currencies. The basket is defined by its composing foreign currencies, and by the weighting of each currency in the basket. The exchange rate in such a regime is pegged to a weighted basket of currencies.We propose to present the benefits and the drawbacks of such an exchange rate regime from a macroeconomic and financial point of view. We also formulate mathematically a general theory of Foreign Exchange in the case of a currency under the regime of a multi-currency basket. The creation ex nihilo of a general model for a multi-currency basket results in equations applicable in all cases. The article covers theoretical and practical aspects of this exchange rate regime, responding to the most concrete issues faced by financial markets’ professionals, and should also interest academics, teachers and students.

On the normal series satisfying linear differential equations.

1905 ◽  
Vol 74 (497-506) ◽  
pp. 339-340
Author(s):  
Emma Cunningham ◽  
Henry Frederick Baker
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Linear Differential Equations ◽  
Normal Series ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
Square Matrix

If y denotes a column of n elements, and u is a square matrix of n rows and columns of elements, each of which is a function of the independent variable, n independent solutions of the system of simultaneous equations dy / dt = uy are given by the n columns of the matrix Ω( u ) = 1 + Q u + Q( u Q u ) + Q{ u Q ( u Q u )} + . . . ; where Q(Φ) denotes ᶴ t t 0 Φ dt .

scholarly journals Govier’s Distinguishing A Priori from Inductive Arguments by Analogy: Implications for a General Theory of Ground Adequacy

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Moral Intuition ◽  
Ceteris Paribus

In a priori analogies, the analogue is constructed in imagination, sharing certain properties with the primary subject. The analogue has some further property clearly consequent on those shared properties. Ceteris paribus the primary subject has that property also. The warrant involves non-empirical, e.g., moral intuition but is also defeasible. The argument is thus neither deductive nor inductive, but an additional type. In an inductive analogy, the analogues back the warrant from below. Distinguishing these two types of arguments by analogy gives epistemic evaluative factors primacy over resemblance factors in classifying arguments—a prescient insight on Govier’s part.

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