Persistent Increases of PKMM in Sensorimotor Cortex Maintain Procedural long-Term Memory Storage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng P. Gao ◽  
Jeffrey H. Goodman ◽  
Todd C. Sacktor ◽  
Joseph T. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Persistent Increases of PKMζ in Sensorimotor Cortex Maintain Procedural Long-Term Memory Storage

iScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Penny Gao ◽  
Jeffrey H. Goodman ◽  
Todd Charlton Sacktor ◽  
Joseph Thachil Francis
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals Persistent increases of PKMζ in sensorimotor cortex maintain procedural long-term memory storage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng P. Gao ◽  
Jeffrey H. Goodman ◽  
Todd C. Sacktor ◽  
Joseph T. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Atypical Pkc

SummaryProcedural memories, such as for riding a bicycle, can be maintained without practice for long periods of time and are thought to be supported by the persistent reorganization of sensorimotor cortices (S1/M1). Whereas enhanced synaptic strength and structural changes accompany the learning of motor tasks, the persistent molecular modifications that store long-term procedural memories within specific layers of sensorimotor cortex have not been identified. The persistent increase in the autonomously active, atypical PKC isoform, PKMζ, is a putative molecular mechanism for maintaining enhanced synaptic strength during long-term potentiation (LTP) and several forms of long-term memory. Here we examine whether persistent increases in PKMζ store long-term memory for a reaching task in rat sensorimotor cortex that could reveal the sites of procedural memory storage. Perturbing PKMζ synthesis with PKMζ -antisense oligodeoxynucleotides or blocking atypical PKC activity with zeta inhibitory peptide (ZIP) in S1/M1 disrupts and erases the maintenance of long-term motor memories. Only memories that are maintained without daily reinforcement are affected, indicating atypical PKCs (via ZIP) and PKMζ specifically (via antisense) stores consolidated long-term procedural memories. Analysis of changes in the amount of PKMζ in S1/M1 reveals PKMζ increases in layers II/III and V of both S1 and M1 cortices as performance improves to an asymptote during training. After storage for 1 month without reinforcement, the increase in M1 layer V but not other layers persists without decrement. Thus, the sustained increases in PKMζ reveal that the persistent molecular changes storing long-term procedural memory are localized to the descending output layer of primary motor cortex.

scholarly journals Pedagogical Strategies for the Enhancement of Medical Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad B. Azzam ◽  
Ronald A. Easteal
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Retrieval Practice ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Sleep Consolidation

AbstractClearly, memory and learning are essential to medical education. To make memory and learning more robust and long-term, educators should turn to the advances in neuroscience and cognitive science to direct their efforts. This paper describes the memory pathways and stages with emphasis leading to long-term memory storage. Particular stress is placed on this storage as a construct known as schema. Leading from this background, several pedagogical strategies are described: cognitive load, dual encoding, spiral syllabus, bridging and chunking, sleep consolidation, and retrieval practice.

scholarly journals STORING THE INFORMATION INTO LONG TERM MEMORY AND ITS IMPACTS ON LEARNING MATHEMATICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fitriati
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Learning Mathematics

Memory obviously plays an important role in knowledge retention. In particular, when learning mathematics students claim that much of what is taught in classrooms is soon forgotten and learning mathematics is difficult or not interesting. Neuroscience, through its study on long term memory, has tried to identify why these phenomena occur. Then some possible solutions are suggested. Understanding the processes of memory storage including acquisition, consolidation, recoding, storing and retrieval helps teachers to efficiently plan for effective learning activities. Therefore, this paper outlines the potential implication of long term memory to mathematics learning as well as suggests some learning strategies that might solve students‟ and teachers‟ problem in learning mathematics.

Investigating A Hypothesis on The Mechanism of Long-Term Memory Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli ◽  
Minoo Sisakhti
Keyword(s):  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals RNA transport and long-term memory storage

RNA Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1765-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathyanarayanan V Puthanveettil
Keyword(s):  
Memory Storage ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Rna Transport ◽  
Term Memory
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