Consumption Dynamics, Housing Collateral and Stabilisation Policies: A Way Forward for Policy Co-Ordination?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagjit S. Chadha ◽  
Germana Corrado ◽  
Luisa Corrado
Keyword(s):  
Stabilisation Policies ◽  
Consumption Dynamics

Sizzle or Fizzle? Supply and Consumption Dynamics of Home Cooked Food on Sharing Platforms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobo Li ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Jianxiong Huang ◽  
Ram Gopal ◽  
Zhijie Lin
Keyword(s):  
Cooked Food ◽  
Consumption Dynamics

scholarly journals Biomass burning fuel consumption dynamics in the tropics and subtropics assessed from satellite

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3717-3734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Andela ◽  
Guido R. van der Werf ◽  
Johannes W. Kaiser ◽  
Thijs T. van Leeuwen ◽  
Martin J. Wooster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Return Periods ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Consumption Dynamics

Abstract. Landscape fires occur on a large scale in (sub)tropical savannas and grasslands, affecting ecosystem dynamics, regional air quality and concentrations of atmospheric trace gasses. Fuel consumption per unit of area burned is an important but poorly constrained parameter in fire emission modelling. We combined satellite-derived burned area with fire radiative power (FRP) data to derive fuel consumption estimates for land cover types with low tree cover in South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Australia. We developed a new approach to estimate fuel consumption, based on FRP data from the polar-orbiting Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the geostationary Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) in combination with MODIS burned-area estimates. The fuel consumption estimates based on the geostationary and polar-orbiting instruments showed good agreement in terms of spatial patterns. We used field measurements of fuel consumption to constrain our results, but the large variation in fuel consumption in both space and time complicated this comparison and absolute fuel consumption estimates remained more uncertain. Spatial patterns in fuel consumption could be partly explained by vegetation productivity and fire return periods. In South America, most fires occurred in savannas with relatively long fire return periods, resulting in comparatively high fuel consumption as opposed to the more frequently burning savannas in Sub-Saharan Africa. Strikingly, we found the infrequently burning interior of Australia to have higher fuel consumption than the more productive but frequently burning savannas in northern Australia. Vegetation type also played an important role in explaining the distribution of fuel consumption, by affecting both fuel build-up rates and fire return periods. Hummock grasslands, which were responsible for a large share of Australian biomass burning, showed larger fuel build-up rates than equally productive grasslands in Africa, although this effect might have been partially driven by the presence of grazers in Africa or differences in landscape management. Finally, land management in the form of deforestation and agriculture also considerably affected fuel consumption regionally. We conclude that combining FRP and burned-area estimates, calibrated against field measurements, is a promising approach in deriving quantitative estimates of fuel consumption. Satellite-derived fuel consumption estimates may both challenge our current understanding of spatiotemporal fuel consumption dynamics and serve as reference datasets to improve biogeochemical modelling approaches. Future field studies especially designed to validate satellite-based products, or airborne remote sensing, may further improve confidence in the absolute fuel consumption estimates which are quickly becoming the weakest link in fire emission estimates.

scholarly journals Activo distribution and paraphernalia among “street children”

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Arturo Ortiz Castro ◽  
◽  
Mario J Domínguez García ◽  
Gabriela Palomares Calderón ◽  
María Elena Medina-Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Street Children ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ethnographic Observation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
User Groups ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Consumption Dynamics

Introduction. The use of solvent inhalants has been documented in Mexico since the 1970s. Nevertheless, very little is known about the distribution and use dynamics among “street children”. Few have ventured to study this issue because of the difficulties involved in working with marginalized, relatively inaccessible populations. Objective. To analyze the distribution and consumption dynamics of activo, as it is known among street children in downtown Mexico City, and to document the paraphernalia and argot associated with these practices. Method. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and interpretative study guided by the “Meeting Place” approach used by Hughes (1977), which has been adapted to Mexican population by Ortiz (1979). We also used ethnographic observation techniques and a social and immersion mapping of street spaces that allowed us to contact and relate to both informants and users. Results. We identified activo distributors and storage areas; user groups were made up of men and women in a 7-3 ratio; physical and psycho-social characteristics of sellers and users, and some street argot and paraphernalia that allowed us to understand the dynamics of distribution and consumption. Discussion and conclusion. The activo market is both captive and hidden; it is detrimental to the physical and mental health of street children, and is fostered by social exclusion and the lack of legislation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Output and Unemployment with Efficiency Wages

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Malley ◽  
Hassan Molana
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Efficiency Wages ◽  
Market Imperfections ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Shock ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
German Data ◽  
Stabilisation Policies

Abstract We construct a stylised model of the supply side with goods and labour market imperfections to show that an economy can rationally operate at a low-effort state in which the relationship between output and unemployment is positive. We examine data from the G7 countries over 1960-2001 and find that only German data strongly favour a persistent negative relationship between the level of output and rate of unemployment. The consequence of this is that circumstances exist in which market imperfections could pose serious obstacles to the smooth working of expansionary and/or stabilisation policies and a positive demand shock might have adverse effects on employment.

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