Collateral Damage: Brexit's Negative Effects on Regulatory Competition and Legal Innovation in Private Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst G. M. Eidenmueller
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Competition ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Legal Innovation

scholarly journals Collateral damage of the COVID-19 pandemic: an alarming decline in critical procedures in otorhinolaryngology in a German university hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Riemann ◽  
Iva Speck ◽  
Kathrin Gerstacker ◽  
Christoph Becker ◽  
Andreas Knopf
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Negative Effects

Abstract Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of ENT patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the pandemic on the number of otolaryngological procedures, particularly for critical diagnoses with potential negative effects due to prolonged symptom duration. Methods We evaluated 10,716 surgical procedures between January 1, 2018 and May 31, 2020, focusing on the 16-week period around March 16, 2020, which includes 1080 observations. We further analyzed subsets of critical procedures. Results We found a decline in critical procedures by 43% although no critical procedures were postponed by the hospital. Meanwhile, the share of critical procedures increased up to 90% caused by the cancellation of elective surgery. Especially worrisome was that diagnostic procedures for suspected malignancies decreased by 41% during the pandemic. Conclusion The decline in critical procedures in otorhinolaryngology as collateral damage of the COVID-19 pandemic is considerable and therefore alarming.

scholarly journals Competition for priority harms the reliability of science but reforms can help

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Tiokhin ◽  
Minhua Yan ◽  
Tom Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Information Value ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Secondary Results

Incentives for priority of discovery are hypothesized to harm scientific reliability. Here, we evaluate this hypothesis by developing an evolutionary agent-based model of a competitive scientific process. We find that rewarding priority of discovery causes populations to culturally evolve towards conducting research with smaller samples. This reduces research reliability and the information-value of the average study. Increased startup costs for setting up single studies and increased payoffs for secondary results (a.k.a. “scoop protection”) attenuate the negative effects of competition. Further, large rewards for negative results promote the evolution of smaller sample sizes. Our results confirm the logical coherence of “scoop protection” reforms at several journals. Our results also imply that reforms to increase scientific efficiency, such as rapid journal turnaround times, may produce collateral damage by incentivizing lower-quality research; in contrast, reforms that increase startup costs, such as preregistration and registered reports, generate incentives for higher-quality research.

Collateral Damage

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
WILLIAM G. WILKOFF
Keyword(s):  
Collateral Damage

Undesirable Effects of Goal Setting on Perceived Fairness, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Keith
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. The positive effects of goal setting on motivation and performance are among the most established findings of industrial–organizational psychology. Accordingly, goal setting is a common management technique. Lately, however, potential negative effects of goal-setting, for example, on unethical behavior, are increasingly being discussed. This research replicates and extends a laboratory experiment conducted in the United States. In one of three goal conditions (do-your-best goals, consistently high goals, increasingly high goals), 101 participants worked on a search task in five rounds. Half of them (transparency yes/no) were informed at the outset about goal development. We did not find the expected effects on unethical behavior but medium-to-large effects on subjective variables: Perceived fairness of goals and goal commitment were least favorable in the increasing-goal condition, particularly in later goal rounds. Results indicate that when designing goal-setting interventions, organizations may consider potential undesirable long-term effects.

The Effect of Suicide-Related Internet Use on Users’ Mental Health

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sueki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Internet Users

Background: Previous studies have shown that suicide-related Internet use can have both negative and positive psychological effects. Aims: This study examined the effect of suicide-related Internet use on users’ suicidal ideation, depression/anxiety tendency, and loneliness. Method: A two-wave panel study of 850 Internet users was conducted via the Internet. Results: Suicide-related Internet use (e.g., browsing websites about suicide methods) had negative effects on suicidal ideation and depression/anxiety tendency. No forms of suicide-related Internet use, even those that would generally be considered positive, were found to decrease users’ suicidal ideation. In addition, our results suggest that the greater the suicidal ideation and feelings of depression and loneliness of Internet users, the more they used the Internet. Conclusion: Since suicide-related Internet use can adversely influence the mental health of young adults, it is necessary to take measures to reduce their exposure to such information.

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