scholarly journals Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jordan ◽  
Izumi Fukunaga ◽  
Mihaly Kollo ◽  
Andreas T. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Odor Representation

scholarly journals Active Sampling State Dynamically Enhances Olfactory Bulb Odor Representation

Neuron ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214-1228.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jordan ◽  
Izumi Fukunaga ◽  
Mihaly Kollo ◽  
Andreas T. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Odor Representation

scholarly journals Active sampling state dynamically enhances olfactory bulb odor representation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jordan ◽  
Izumi Fukunaga ◽  
Mihaly Kollo ◽  
Andreas T. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Mitral Cell ◽  
Active Sampling ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Contextual Modulation ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Tufted Cells ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Odor Representation

SummaryThe olfactory bulb (OB) is the very first site of odor information processing, yet a wealth of contextual and learned information has been described in its activity. To investigate the mechanistic basis of contextual modulation, we use whole-cell recordings to measure odor responses across rapid (<30 min) learning episodes in identified mitral/tufted cells (MTCs). Across these learning episodes, we found that diverse response changes occur already during the first sniff cycle. Motivated mice develop active sniffing strategies across learning, and it is this change of active sampling state that dynamically modulates odor responses, resulting in enhanced discriminability and detectability of odor representation with learning. Evoking fast sniffing in different behavioral states demonstrates that response changes during active sampling exceed those predicted from purely feed-forward input. Finally, response changes are highly correlated in tufted cells, but not mitral cells, indicating cell-type specificity in the effect of active sampling, and resulting in increased odor detectability in the tufted and enhanced discriminability in the mitral cell population over the rapid learning episodes. Altogether, we show that active sampling state is a crucial component in modulating and enhancing olfactory bulb responsiveness on rapid timescales.

Odor representation in the olfactory bulb under different brain states revealed by intrinsic optical signals imaging

Neuroscience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lang ◽  
A. Li ◽  
W. Luo ◽  
R. Wu ◽  
P. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Brain States ◽  
Odor Representation

scholarly journals Spontaneous activity in the piriform cortex extends the dynamic range of cortical odor coding

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 2407-2412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinda L. S. Tantirigama ◽  
Helena H.-Y. Huang ◽  
John M. Bekkers
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Piriform Cortex ◽  
Spontaneous Firing ◽  
Odor Coding ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Odor Representation

Neurons in the neocortex exhibit spontaneous spiking activity in the absence of external stimuli, but the origin and functions of this activity remain uncertain. Here, we show that spontaneous spiking is also prominent in a sensory paleocortex, the primary olfactory (piriform) cortex of mice. In the absence of applied odors, piriform neurons exhibit spontaneous firing at mean rates that vary systematically among neuronal classes. This activity requires the participation of NMDA receptors and is entirely driven by bottom-up spontaneous input from the olfactory bulb. Odor stimulation produces two types of spatially dispersed, odor-distinctive patterns of responses in piriform cortex layer 2 principal cells: Approximately 15% of cells are excited by odor, and another approximately 15% have their spontaneous activity suppressed. Our results show that, by allowing odor-evoked suppression as well as excitation, the responsiveness of piriform neurons is at least twofold less sparse than currently believed. Hence, by enabling bidirectional changes in spiking around an elevated baseline, spontaneous activity in the piriform cortex extends the dynamic range of odor representation and enriches the coding space for the representation of complex olfactory stimuli.

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