Financial Conservatism: Excessive Prudence or Smart Anticipation?

The dramatic change in the western world's economic environment is characterised by lower inflation, unserviceable indebtedness, lower commodity prices, greater environmental awareness and a complete readjustment of values and bank lending policies as an era of greater financial conservatism develops. An understanding of this historic turning point in economic developments, especially in Australia, brings into question many established concepts of management of our agricultural resources. This paper questions whether these changes demand a more dramatic rethink of the management of our western lands to ensure that the economic imperative of profit (the driving force for private occupancy of pastoral areas) can sit comfortably with the environmental responsibility being increasingly demanded by society.

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We want connection and we do not mean wi-fi: examining the impacts of Covid-19 on Gen Z’s work and employment outcomes

Management Research Review ◽

10.1108/mrr-01-2021-0052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Karin L. Becker

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Communication ◽

White Women ◽

Cognitive Distortions ◽

Christian College ◽

Future Outlook ◽

Content Type ◽

Non Profit ◽

The Face ◽

Qualitative Nature ◽

Financial Conservatism

Purpose This study aims to examine how members of Gen Z are impacted by Covid-19, specifically focusing on their professional opportunities, work preferences and future outlook. Design/methodology/approach A survey consisting of 24 questions including a Likert scale, multiple choice and open-ended was created to understand how members of Gen Z perceive Covid-19 impacting their education, employment, mental health and relationships. The survey was disseminated to employees of a corporate restaurant franchise, Christian college admissions and guidance non-profit, and online through social media including Instagram, Facebook, Reddit and LinkedIn. A total of 517 respondents completed the survey. Survey participants came from 29 states and 6 countries. Findings Results highlight Gen Z overwhelmingly values interpersonal connections, wants to Zoom less and work more in-person. The findings help anticipate potential professional gaps due to Covid-19 restrictions, as well as point out how Gen Z is markedly different in terms of workforce trends. Content analysis from an open-ended question reveals the extent of disruption Gen Z has experienced, adversely affecting their career plans and stalling professional development. Yet, despite these setbacks, Gen Z maintains a cautiously optimistic future outlook. Research limitations/implications Limitations to the study include the sample is largely comprising White women so the generalizability of results may be limited and the self-reporting nature of the survey may pose problems with method variance. Practical implications These findings have implications for Millennials as managers as they identify where resources should be invested including strengthening interpersonal communication skills, providing mentoring opportunities and appealing to their financial conservatism to recruit and retain Gen Z employees. The changes in telecommuting preferences and desire for more interpersonal and in-person communication opportunities highlight how Gen Z is markedly different than previous generations. Social implications Gen Z’s optimistic future outlook conveys a sense of resilience and strength in the face of stress. Rather than engaging in cognitive distortions and over generalizations when stressed, results show Gen Z is able to find healthy alternatives and maintain optimism in the face of stress. Additionally, due to the extent of isolation and loneliness Gen Zers reported, the value of in-person connections cannot be overstated. As results convey a sense of being overlooked and missing out on so many rites of passage, inviting Gen Zers to share how they have been impacted, recognizing their accomplishments and listening to them may go a long way to develop rapport. Originality/value This study differs from others because it takes a generational look at Covid-19 impacts. The qualitative nature allows us to hear from members of Gen Z in their own words, and as a generational cohort, their voices inform workplace attitudes, practices and managerial procedures.

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On the Mystery of Financial Conservatism: Insights from Pakistan

Emerging Markets Finance and Trade ◽

10.1080/1540496x.2018.1553158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (12) ◽

pp. 2904-2927 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ammara Yasmin ◽

Abdul Rashid

Keyword(s):

Financial Conservatism

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An Analysis Regarding Cash Holdings. Empirical Study on the Bucharest Stock Exchange Listed Firms

Scientific Annals of Economics and Business ◽

10.1515/saeb-2017-0019 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 289-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Alexandra Nenu ◽

Georgeta Vintilă

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Regression ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Cash Holdings ◽

Ownership Concentration ◽

Target Level ◽

Listed Firms ◽

Tangible Assets ◽

Financial Conservatism ◽

Corporate Cash Holdings ◽

Unbalanced Panel Data

Abstract Worldwide corporate cash holdings have significantly increased and have become an important tool for managers. This study explores the factors that influence firms’ behavior regarding cash holdings and the signal that financial conservatism is sending to potential investors. Our data consists in annual observations collected through the Reuters Eikon platform. It includes companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, the investigated period being 2005-2014. The econometric analysis employs multivariate regression for an unbalanced panel data, using the OLS technique. The results show a positive correlation of cash holdings with the value registered by this indicator in the previous period, fact that might be interpreted as an attempting of the companies to maintain a target level of cash. Also, the results showed a non-linear relationship between leverage and cash holdings, while the tangible assets determine a negative correlation. As regards firm size and ownership concentration, the correlations were not statistically validated.

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